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Chapter 9 Study Guide (Complete) Ancient Greece Name: ____________________________________ Ledford/Yant/Morris/SS___ 1. Describe the physical features of Greece. (p. 247-248) mountains, long coastline, deep valleys, rugged highlands 2. Which bodies of water surround Greece? (p. 247-248) Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea 3. True or False? In ancient times, Greece was a unified country. If the answer is false, correct the underlined part to make it true. (p. 247) Describe the religious beliefs of the ancient Greeks. (p. 254) False. In ancient times, Greece was divided into many small, independent communities. 5. What is an aristocracy? (p. 255) A government ruled by a few wealthy people. 6. Who were considered citizens in the democracy in Athens? (p. 255) all men born in Athens 7. What was the result of the Battle of Salamis? (p. 261) Athenian ships destroyed the Persian fleet. 8. What was the Delian League and why did it begin? (p. 263) The Delian League is an alliance of Greek city-states. It began as an alliance to protect the Greeks from the Persians. 9. How did Alexander spread Greek culture? (p. 268) He created a vast empire in Europe, Asia, and Africa. 4. 10. True or False? Continuous warfare was a feature of the Hellenistic culture. If the answer is false, correct the underlined part to make it true. (p. 268-269) 11. True or False? A system of writing was created during the Hellenistic Age. If the answer is false, correct the underlined part to make it true. (p. 268-269) Use the picture below to answer questions 12 and 13. Gods and goddesses lived on Mount Olympus and behaved much like humans. False. The founding of new Greek cities, young people reading the works of Greek writers, and international trade are features of the Hellenistic culture. False. A system of plane geometry, understanding of how the human body works, and understanding of how levers work are discoveries of the Hellenistic Age. 12. Slim and graceful Greek columns are called _____Ionic______. 13. Corinthian columns have _____a leafy ornament______ at the top. Use the chart below to answer questions 14-16. 14. In America, who has the right to vote? all citizens, 18 years and older 15. Athenian laws are _proposed by the council_. 16. In America, citizens with voting rights can __vote for or against the officials who make the laws_. Use the following excerpt from The Persian Wars, Book VII to answer questions 17-19. 17. What was Xerxes planning to do? conquer Greece Herodotus’s History Xerxes addresses the Persians: “I have found out a way whereby we may at once win glory, and likewise get possession of a land which is as large and as rich as our own . . . while at the same time we obtain satisfaction and revenge. . . . My intent is to . . . march an army through Europe against Greece, that thereby I may obtain vengeance from the Athenians from the wrongs committed by them against the Persians and against my father.” —Herodotus The Persian Wars, Book VII Use the chart below to answer questions 20-22. 18. If Xerxes’ plan is successful, what will he gain? possession of a rich land, satisfaction and revenge, and glory 19. According to the reading, who committed the wrongs against the Persians? Greeks 20. Who did the Greeks call the god of the underworld? Hades 21. Zeus is Aphrodite’s _father__. 22. Artemis is the goddess of __the hunt and wild animals___. Use the map below to answer questions 23-25. 23. Alexander’s empire extended to which river in the east? Indus 24. Which body of water bordered Alexander’s empire on the west? Mediterranean Sea 25. Which city of Alexander’s empire was in Egypt? Alexandria 26. How did the physical geography of ancient Greece cause it to separate into independent communities? ANSWER IN COMPLETE SENTENCES! (p. 247-248) Mountains, deep valleys, and rugged terrain separated Greece into different regions. People did not frequently travel to other regions, making it difficult to unite the regions under one government. 27. How was democracy in ancient Athens different from democracy in the United States? ANSWER IN COMPLETE SENTENCES! (p. 255 and chart) Women, slaves, and men born outside Athens were not eligible to participate in the government. Most people in Athens did not have the right to vote, own property, or testify in court. Today in the U.S., all citizens over the age of 18 have those rights. STUDY THE FOLLOWING VOCABULARY WORDS! – aristocracy, democracy, Plato, Athens, Sparta, myth, Socrates, Aristotle, Golden Age, Delian League, Alexander, Hippocrates, Archimedes, Pythagoras, Euclid, Hellenistic Age