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Special Senses: Vision and Hearing Wish List Vision OUTLINE Know and be able to identify the external anatomy and accessory structures of the eye (p 189-190) Know and be able to identify the internal anatomy of the eye (p 191-193) Know and be able to identify the microscopic anatomy of the retina (p 193) Understand and be able to explain the visual pathways to the bran (p 194) Know and be able to explain eye reflexes (p 200) Be able to identify and label all features in Figures 1-5 (pp 190-194) KEY TERMS External Anatomy and Accessory Structures Lacrimal apparatus Lacrimal gland Lacrimal canals Lacrimal sac Nasolacrimal duct Eyelids (palpebrae) Medial and lateral canthus Caruncle Conjunctiva Conjunctivitis Eyelashes Ciliary glands Tarsal (meibomian) glands Extrinsic eye muscles Internal Anatomy of the Eye Fibrous tunic Schlera Uvea Vascular tunic Choroid Ciliary body Ciliary process Iris Pupil Sensory tunic Retina Pigmented epithelial layer Neural (nervous) layer Rods Cones Optic disc Macula lutea Fovea centralis Lens Suspensory ligament Ciliary zonule Cataracts Anterior segment Aqueous humor Posterior segment Vitreous humor/vitreous body Anterior and posterior chambers Ciliary processes Schleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) Glaucoma Microscopic Anatomy of the Retina Photoreceptors Bipolar cells Ganglion cells Rods Cones Optic nerve Visual Pathways to the Brain Optic chiasma Optic tracts Lateral geniculate body Optic radiation Optic/visual cortex Eye Reflexes Photopupillary reflex Convergence reflex Hearing OUTLINE Know and be able to identify the structures of the ear (p 211-213) Know and be able to identify the microscopic anatomy of the Organ of Corti and the mechanism of hearing (p 213-214) Know and be able to explain the microscopic structure of the Cochlea (p 214) Understand and be able to explain audiometry (p 216-217) Know and be able to identify the microscopic anatomy of the Equilibrium Apparatus and mechanisms of equilibrium (p 217-218) Know and be able to identify the microscopic structure of the Crista Ampullaris (p 218) Be able to identify, label, and explain all features in Figures 1-5, 7-8 (pp 212-214, 217-218) KEY TERMS Structures of the Ear Outer/external ear Auricle/pinna Lobule External acoustic meatus Auditory canal Ceruminous glands Tympanic membrane (ear drum) Middle ear Tympanic cavity Ossicles - Malleus (hammer) - Incus (anvil) - Stapes (stirrup) Oval window Pharyngotympanic/auditory tube Otitis media Inner/internal ear Osseous/bony labyrinth Perilymph Membranous labyrinth Endolymph Vestibule Semicircular canals Cochlea Cochlear duct Scala vestibule Scala tympani Round window Spiral organ of Corti Cochlear nerve Microscopic Anatomy of the Organ of Corti and the Mechanism of Hearing Basilar membrane Tectorial membrane Vestibular membrane Scale media Presbycusis Audiometry Microscopic Anatomy of the Equilibrium Apparatus and Mechanisms of Equilibrium Vestibular apparatus Utricle Saccule Membranous semicircular ducts Mechanism of dynamic equilibrium Ampulla Crista ampullaris Cupula Examining the Microscopic Structure of the Crista Ampullaris Maculae Hair cells Mechanism of static equilibrium Otolithic membrane Otoliths