Download STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LABORATORY I. The Eye and V

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LABORATORY
I.
The Eye and Vision
A.
Find the DESCRIPTIONS AND LOCATIONS of the following structures on the
eye model and write them out below:
B.
Be able to identify 5-15 on the eye models.
1.
Conjunctiva
2.
Photoreceptors
a.
Cones
b.
Rods
3.
Aqueous humor
4.
Vitreous body
5.
Lacrimal gland
6.
Lacrimal sac
7.
Three layers of eye
a.
Scleroid coat (outer layer)
b.
Choroid coat (middle layer)
c.
Retina (innermost layer)
1
C.
8.
Optic nerve
9.
Optic disk (“blind spot”)
10.
Fovea centralis
a.
Macula lutea (“yellow spot”)
b.
Macular degeneration
11.
Lens
12.
Iris
13.
Pupil
14.
Cornea
15.
Muscles – only be able to find these on the eye models
a.
Superior rectus (rectus means straight)
b.
Inferior rectus
c.
Lateral rectus
d.
Medial rectus
e.
Superior oblique
f.
Inferior oblique
Be able to identify the following structures on the cow eye. Exercise 34,
Procedure B
1.
Optic nerve (stump)
2.
Three layers of the eye (sclera, choroid, retina)
2
D.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Optic disk
Lens
Vitreous body
Iris
Pupil
Cornea
Tapetum lucidium (fibrosum)
10.
11.
Ciliary body
Suspensory ligament
TESTS – Perform the following tests and understand the underlying principles.
See Exercise 35
1.
Blind Spot
2.
Near Point of Accommodation and Presbyopia
3.
Visual Acuity using the Snellen Eye Chart
4.
Test for Astigmatism
5.
Test for Color Blindness using Ishihara Plates
6.
Photopupillary Reflexes
3
E.
II.
7.
Accomodation Pupillary Reflex
8.
Convergence Reflex
Review your work from last semester about the following diseases and what
causes each:
1.
Near-sightedness
2.
Far-sightedness
3.
Astigmatism
4.
Cataracts
5.
Glaucoma
The Ear - Hearing and Equilibrium
Hearing - Exercise 32
A.
You are responsible for the “Sense of Hearing” section of the textbook.
B.
Find the DESCRIPTIONS AND LOCATIONS of the following structures on the
ear model and write them out below. Be able to identify them on the ear models.
1.
Auricle
2.
External auditory meatus
3.
Tympanic membrane
4.
Three bones of middle ear (ossicles)
a.
Malleus
b.
Incus
c.
Stapes
4
5.
Oval window
6.
Eustachian (auditory) tube
7.
Semicircular canals
8.
Vestibule
9.
Cochlea
10.
Vestibulocochlear (Auditory) nerve
C.
Label the structures on Figure 32.1, 32.2, and the upper portion of 32.3. Use
your lecture book to assist you.
D.
Perform the Tuning Fork Methods (Rinne and Weber Tests)
E.
Fill in Part A, Assessments, Exercise 32
Equilibrium – Exercise 33
A.
You are responsible for the “Sense of Equilibrium” material from the lecture text
B.
Review your work from last semester about the following diseases and their cause
1.
Nystagmus
2.
Vertigo
C.
Three Factors that Affect Equilibrium (balance)
1.
Vision – do the “Vision and Equilibrium Test”
2.
Equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear (semicircular canals and vestibule)
do the “Romberg Test”
3.
Proprioceptors – do the “Barany Test”
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