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CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CHAPTER 9
SC B-3.2 Summarize the basic aerobic & anaerobic
processes of cellular respiration & interpret the equation
Chapter 9 Section 1


Essential Question:
How would you distinguish the two main
types of fermentation?
CELLULAR RESPIRATION

IS THE PROCESS THAT RELEASES ENERGY BY
BREAKING DOWN GLUCOSE IN THE PRESENCE OF
OXYGEN
Cellular Respiration Equation
CELLULAR RESPIRATION: 3 PARTS

IN CYTOPLASM (ANAEROBIC)
 GLYCOLYSIS
 (FERMENTATION

in absence of oxygen)
IN MITOCHONDRIA (AEROBIC)
 KREBS
CYCLE (aka CITRIC ACID CYCLE)
 ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN & CHEMIOSMOSIS
GLYCOLYSIS


GLUCOSE ENTERS
CELL VIA FACILITATED
DIFFUSION
performed by both
prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells
GLUC  GLUCOSE-6PHOSPHATE  
2 PYRUVATE
(3-carbon molecule)
 COSTS THE CELL 2
ATP BUT MAKES 4 ATP
(net gain of 2 ATP)
 2 NAD+  2 NADH

GLYCOLYSIS
GLYCOLYSIS

WHAT IT NEEDS:
 GLUCOSE
2
ATP
 4 ADP + 4 P
 2NAD+

WHAT IT MAKES:
 2-
PYRUVATES
 2 ADP + 2 P
 4 ATP
 2 NADH
FERMENTATION



ANAEROBIC
IN CYTOPLASM
NADH  NAD+
(which is used again in
glycolysis)

2 TYPES:
 ALCOHOLIC
 YEAST
 BACTERIA
 LACTIC
ACID
 ANIMAL
FIBERS
MUSCLE
ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
Chapter 9 Section 2:
Aerobic Respiration


Essential Question”
How is energy transferred through the
various stages of aerobic cellular
respiration?
Mitochondrial Structure
Structure of Mitochondria
KREBS CYCLE: occurs in matrix

2 PYRUVATE
 ENTER
MITOCHONDRIAL
MATRIX
    6 CO2
 CITRIC ACID 1ST CPD
FORMED HENCE aka
CITRIC ACID CYCLE

KREBS CYCLE
PRODUCTS:
NAD+ 8 NADH
 2 FAD+ 2 FADH2
 2 ATP
 6 CO2
8
FOR EACH MOLECULE OF GLUCOSE:
know what comes out the Krebs Cycle
Krebs Cycle has many reactions (you do not
need to know them) that releases the
carbons from pyruvate as CO2 and transfers
electrons & H+ to NAD+ and FAD NADH
& FADH2
What are NADH & FADH2 ?
they are very similar to NADPH in
photosynthesis
 They carry electrons from Kreb’sCycle to
electron transport chain (that’s all you
need to know about them)



From the Krebs Cycle, NADH & FADH2 move
to the inner membrane of the mitochondria
(called the cristae) and transfer the electrons
they are carrying to the electron transport chain
in the cristae.
As the electrons move down the chain they lose
energy some of which is used to move H+ from
the matrix to the intermembrane space
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 1



Electron transport chain activities aka oxidative
phosphorylation
hi energy e- move thru a series of e- carrier
molecules in the cristae
energy from 2 e- transported down the electron
transport chain  moves H+ across the membrane
into the intermembrane space (aka the outer
membrane space)
Inner compartment = matrix
outer compartment = intermembrane space (space
between outer membrane of mitochondria and inner
membrane or cristae
Another look @ electron transport
chain
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 2

Chemiosmosis: process
in which the energy
generated by
oxidative
phosphorylation
generates a proton
gradient across the
cristae that drives the
enzymatic synthesis of
ATP

The cristae contain
proteins called ATP
SYNTHASE which act
as a H+ CHANNEL
PROTEIN & as an
enzyme:
ATP SYNTHASE
Role of O2

At the end of the etransport chain O2
picks up the e- and
combines with H+ to
form H2O
Animations of cellular respiration

http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/bio_animations/MH0
1_CellularRespiration_Web/index.html
Comparing Photosynthesis
& Cellular Respiration
PHOTOSYNTHESIS




captures energy from
the Sun
occurs in chloroplast
reactants:
6CO2 + 6H2O + light
products:
C6H12O6 + 6O2
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
releases energy from
food
 occurs in mitochondrion
 reactants:
C6H12O6 + 6O2
 products:
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36
ATP

More Animations!

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072507470/
student_view0/chapter25/animation__how_the_krebs
_cycle_works__quiz_2_.html