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Chapter 7 – Cellular Respiration Review
Cellular Respiration
1. Name the three processes of cellular respiration. Glycolysis, Krebs and e2.
The breakdown of organic compounds to produce ATP is called: cellular res
3.
Cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen is called: aerobic respiration
4.
If only glycolysis can occur, the energy efficiency is what percent? 2%
5.
In cellular respiration, where is the most energy transferred and made? ele
6.
What happens to pyruvic acid produced during glycolysis if oxygen is not
available? Goes to fermentation to recycle NAD+ - needed to make ATP
thru glycolysis
Glycolysis
1.
What is the first pathway of cellular respiration? glycolysis
2.
location of glycolysis: cytosol
3.
an electron acceptor: NAD+
4.
Glycolysis starts with glucose and makes: pyruvic acid
5.
The products of glycolysis are: 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NADH, and 4 ATP
6.
If the final product of glycolysis is 4 ATP molecules, why is the net yield
only 2 molecules of ATP? 2 ATP are used in step one
Krebs Cycle
1.
What precedes the Krebs Cycle? glycolysis
2.
What cycle sees acetyl-CoA, breakdown of a 6 carbon compound and
breakdown of ATP? Krebs
3.
The Krebs cycle occurs in what part of the mitochondria? Mitochondrial
matrix
4.
Why is the Krebs Cycle also called the Citric Acid cycle? Start with citric
acid
5.
The electron transport chain is driven by what two products of the Krebs
Cycle? NADH and FADH2
6.
How is oxaloacetic acid related to the Krebs Cycle itself? Oxaloacetic acid
regenerates coenzyme A when it reacts with acetyl CoA to form citric acid.
Can’t have Krebs cycle without coenzyme A
Electron Transport Chain
1.
electrons are transferred from molecule to molecule during electron trans
2.
After the electron transport, the energy efficiency is what percent? 39%
3.
The Electron Transport chain occurs in what part of the mitochondria?
Inner mito membrane - cristae
4.
As electrons travel along the electron transport chain, what happens to their
energy level? Lose energy
5.
The final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain is: oxygen
6.
Where do protons accumulate in the mitochondria and what is the source of
the protons? Mito matrix – NADH and FADH2
Fermentation
1.
glycolysis and anaerobic pathway = fermentation
2.
Yeast cells are involved in:
3.
in alcoholic fermentation, ethyl alcohol comes from? Pyruvic acid
4.
Lactic Acid and Alcoholic fermentation both make: NAD+
alcoholic fermentation
5.
How are probiotics related to the active ingredients in fermentation? Good
yeast is normally found in the large intestine – when taking antibiotics – good
yeast is killed and women get a “bad” yeast infection
6.
When and why does our body undergo lactic acid fermentation? Not enough
oxygen cause of strenuous exercise – heart can’t pump it fast enough
ATP
1.
What is produced by cellular respiration? ATP
2.
How does ATP release energy? Break phosphate bonds
3.
What is a unit of energy? kilocalorie
4.
How many ATP are made by the end of aerobic cellular respiration? 38
5.
process involving a concentration gradient: chemiosmosis
6.
What happens to the electrons that accumulate at the end of the electron
transport chain? Electrons react with oxygen to make water