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Name_______________________Date_____________Entry #_______ Chapter 7 – Cellular Respiration Review Cellular Respiration 1. Name the three processes of cellular respiration. Glycolysis, Krebs and e2. The breakdown of organic compounds to produce ATP is called: cellular res 3. Cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen is called: aerobic respiration 4. If only glycolysis can occur, the energy efficiency is what percent? 2% 5. In cellular respiration, where is the most energy transferred and made? ele 6. What happens to pyruvic acid produced during glycolysis if oxygen is not available? Goes to fermentation to recycle NAD+ - needed to make ATP thru glycolysis Glycolysis 1. What is the first pathway of cellular respiration? glycolysis 2. location of glycolysis: cytosol 3. an electron acceptor: NAD+ 4. Glycolysis starts with glucose and makes: pyruvic acid 5. The products of glycolysis are: 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NADH, and 4 ATP 6. If the final product of glycolysis is 4 ATP molecules, why is the net yield only 2 molecules of ATP? 2 ATP are used in step one Krebs Cycle 1. What precedes the Krebs Cycle? glycolysis 2. What cycle sees acetyl-CoA, breakdown of a 6 carbon compound and breakdown of ATP? Krebs 3. The Krebs cycle occurs in what part of the mitochondria? Mitochondrial matrix 4. Why is the Krebs Cycle also called the Citric Acid cycle? Start with citric acid 5. The electron transport chain is driven by what two products of the Krebs Cycle? NADH and FADH2 6. How is oxaloacetic acid related to the Krebs Cycle itself? Oxaloacetic acid regenerates coenzyme A when it reacts with acetyl CoA to form citric acid. Can’t have Krebs cycle without coenzyme A Electron Transport Chain 1. electrons are transferred from molecule to molecule during electron trans 2. After the electron transport, the energy efficiency is what percent? 39% 3. The Electron Transport chain occurs in what part of the mitochondria? Inner mito membrane - cristae 4. As electrons travel along the electron transport chain, what happens to their energy level? Lose energy 5. The final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain is: oxygen 6. Where do protons accumulate in the mitochondria and what is the source of the protons? Mito matrix – NADH and FADH2 Fermentation 1. glycolysis and anaerobic pathway = fermentation 2. Yeast cells are involved in: 3. in alcoholic fermentation, ethyl alcohol comes from? Pyruvic acid 4. Lactic Acid and Alcoholic fermentation both make: NAD+ alcoholic fermentation 5. How are probiotics related to the active ingredients in fermentation? Good yeast is normally found in the large intestine – when taking antibiotics – good yeast is killed and women get a “bad” yeast infection 6. When and why does our body undergo lactic acid fermentation? Not enough oxygen cause of strenuous exercise – heart can’t pump it fast enough ATP 1. What is produced by cellular respiration? ATP 2. How does ATP release energy? Break phosphate bonds 3. What is a unit of energy? kilocalorie 4. How many ATP are made by the end of aerobic cellular respiration? 38 5. process involving a concentration gradient: chemiosmosis 6. What happens to the electrons that accumulate at the end of the electron transport chain? Electrons react with oxygen to make water