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JUNYUAN SECONDARY SCHOOL Secondary Four Express Preliminary Examination 2012 CANDIDATE NAME CLASS INDEX NUMBER BIOLOGY 5094/01 13 September 2012 Paper 1 Multiple Choice 0800-0900 1 hour Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, class and index number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. This document consists of 14 printed pages. [Turn over 2 1 The diagram shows the magnified structure of an animal cell under an electron microscope. 4 1 2 3 What are the functions of the labeled structures? A B C D 2 synthesizing protein from amino acids 2 1 1 2 transporting proteins processing proteins secreting digestive enzymes 3 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 1 4 3 3 The diagram shows three processes by which molecules move in living organisms. Which of the following identifies the processes correctly? A B C D diffusion process 2 process 2 process 1 process 1 © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 osmosis process 1 process 3 process 2 process 3 active transport process 3 process 1 process 3 process 2 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 3 3 The following describes five processes occurring in plants or mammals. I II III IV V carbon dioxide entering a leaf water moving from soil into roots transport of glucose across the villi absorption of nitrate ions into root hair cells movement of oxygen from alveolar space into blood capillaries Which of the above involves active transport? A B 4 III and IV II and IV I, II and III III, IV and V In an experiment, 15.0 g of boiled egg white was mixed with protease solution. After 1 hour at 15 °C, 5.0 g of protein was digested. The experiment was repeated at 25 °C and again at 60 °C. How much protein was broken down in the second and third experiments? A B 5 C D 5.0 g and 0.0 g respectively 5.0 g and 7.0 g respectively C D 7.0 g and 0.0 g respectively 7.0 g and 10.0 g respectively Five disaccharides were each hydrolysed with dilute acid and the purified products were separated by chromatography. The results are shown in the diagram below. 1 2 3 4 5 Spot 1 in the diagram represents the products obtained from the hydrolysis of sucrose. Which of the following represents the results obtained from the hydrolysis of lactose and maltose? A B C D 6 lactose 2 2 5 5 maltose 3 4 2 3 Milk produces a brick red precipitate when heated with Benedict’s solution. A purple colour develops when the Biuret test is used. Using only these results, which nutrients does milk contain? A B fat and protein fat and starch © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 C D 5094/01/Prelim/2012 reducing sugar and protein reducing sugar and starch [Turn over 4 7 Which of the following abdominal organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions? A B C D 8 The following figure shows a transverse section of an intestinal villus. X The main food substance that is absorbed by structure X is A B 9 amino acids. fat globules. C D fatty acids. glucose. In an experiment where light intensity is constantly high, under which of the following conditions will carbon dioxide be the main limiting factor for photosynthesis? A B C D temperature / °C 8 16 22 28 © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 carbon dioxide / % 0.02 0.04 0.04 4.00 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 5 10 A leafy shoot is placed in a sealed transparent container with some hydrogencarbonate indicator solution which changes colour as shown in the following diagram. leaf hydrogencarbonate indicator Which colour will the hydrogencarbonate indicator be at midday and at midnight? A B C D 11 at midday purple red yellow yellow at midnight yellow purple purple red The table below shows the stomata distribution in four leaves. leaf 1 2 3 4 stomata density (no./mm2) upper surface lower surface 30 200 100 100 200 0 0 0 Which is the most possible reason for the absence of any stoma on the lower surface of leaf 3? A B C D 12 The leaf floats on the surface of water. The lower surface is exposed to direct sunlight. The plant grows in a forest with a high humidity. The plant has an abundant water supply. Which conditions result in the lowest reading when using a potometer? A B dry and cold dry and warm © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 C D 5094/01/Prelim/2012 wet and cold wet and warm [Turn over 6 13 A plant was placed in the setup shown in Fig. A and the rate of fall of the water in the measuring cylinder was noted over a period of time. A similar plant was set up in the same way but, soon after the start of the experiment, a fan was directed at the plant. The graphs in Fig. B show the rate of fall of the water levels in both cases. plant split cork measuring cylinder Fig. B Fig. A Which statement is the best explanation of the difference between the two graphs? A B C D 14 The fan caused an increase in the rate of translocation, resulting in increased water uptake. The fan caused evaporation of water from the cylinder. The fall caused more water to be lost by transpiration. The plant took up less water as the fan cooled the temperature. Four days after a man has ascended to a mountain of 6000 metres high, the density of his red blood cells increases compared with the initial density measured at sea level. Which of the following explanations is correct? A B C D The atmospheric pressure at high altitudes is so high that it increases the solubility of oxygen in blood. The body has adapted by producing more red blood cells to compensate for a lower level of oxygen as high altitudes. The air at high altitude is thicker than those at sea level. The percentage of oxygen in air at high altitude is higher than those at sea level. © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 7 15 The diagram below shows the change in blood pressure along three types of blood vessels M, N and O found in muscles. blood pressure M N O blood vessels Why does the blood pressure in vessel O fluctuate? A B C D 16 Blood pressure in O changes as its wall contracts and relaxes. It indicates that the person has heart disease. The vessel is blocked by fatty deposits. Valves in O slow down the flow of blood. The following table shows the results of a blood test between 3 students X, Y and Z for blood transfusion. recipient X + + - X Y Z donor Y + - Z + + + key: + blood can be transfused - blood cannot be transfused What could the blood groups of Y and Z be? A B C D 17 Y AB O A O Z O AB B A The table shows the percentage composition of four samples of air. Which sample could have been breathed out by a person with emphysema? A B C D oxygen 14 16 18 21 © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 carbon dioxide 4 0.04 4 0.04 5094/01/Prelim/2012 water vapour saturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated [Turn over 8 18 What happens during anaerobic respiration in muscles? A B C D 19 carbon dioxide produced no no yes yes oxygen used no yes no yes water produced no yes yes no Vigorous bubbling was observed in a cloudy suspension of yeast and glucose solution. However, the suspension became clear and bubbling stopped after 2 days. Which of the following are possible reasons? 20 I II III IV Alcohol concentrations became too high and killed the yeast. Glucose was not a suitable substrate for the yeast. Glucose was used up. Yeast settled down to the bottom of the flask. A B I, II and III only I, III and IV only I, II and IV only II, III and IV only Which of the following does not produce carbon dioxide? A B 21 C D a muscle fibre a sensory neurone C D blood saliva The figure below shows a vertical section of human skin. I IV V II III Which of the following correctly matches each part to its function? A B C D insulation I III I III © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 defence III I V II excretion IV II II IV 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 9 22 The diagram shows a single nephron from the kidney. Where does antidiuretic hormone (ADH) affect the permeability of membranes to water? A B C D 23 1 2 and 3 2 and 4 4 and 5 5 and 6 2 5 4 3 The diagram below shows what happens in the eyes of a girl when she looks at a distant object. X Y lens Which of the following correctly describes the state of X, Y and the lens? A B C D 24 X contracted relaxed taut slackened Y relaxed taut relaxed contracted lens more curved less curved less curved more curved The circles represent the diameter of the blood vessels in the surface of the skin as the body temperature changes. Which shows the diameter of the blood vessels during exercise and during a cold shower? diameter of blood vessels during during cold exercise shower A B C D © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 6 10 25 Four processes that take place in the human body are listed. I II III IV absorption of amino acids through the villi maintenances of a constant body temperature production of lactic acid in muscles regulation of blood glucose concentration Which two processes are directly controlled by negative feedback? A B 26 I and III I and IV A B 1, 3 and 6 2, 3 and 6 2 3 4 C D 5 6 1, 4 and 5 2, 4 and 5 Which of the following is not a way of avoiding HIV infection? A B C D 28 II and III II and IV The petals, stigma and stamens are obtained from two different flowers. Which of the following parts are obtained from a wind-pollinated flower? 1 27 C D being vaccinated against the HIV using condoms during sexual intercourse using disposable needles for injections screening all blood donors for AIDS The diagram below shows the changes in the thickness of the endometrium during a typical 28-day menstrual cycle. Which of the following statements best describes the hormones at work on day 14? A B C D concentration of oestrogen is higher than progesterone concentration of progesterone is higher than oestrogen only oestrogen is present to thicken the endometrium only progesterone is present to maintain the endometrium © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 11 29 The family tree shows the inheritance of a condition caused by the recessive allele t. 1 2 3 4 normal female affected female key 5 6 7 8 9 10 normal male 11 affected male 12 13 14 15 Which of the females are certain to have a heterozygous genotype? A B 30 1, 6 and 7 1, 7 and 12 C D 7, 9 and 15 9, 12 and 15 The diagram shows the chromosomal karyotype of a cell obtained from an individual. The following deductions were made. I II III The individual is a female. The individual has a genetic disorder. The individual has blood type AB. Which of the deductions were accurate? A B C D 31 I and II only I and III only II and III only I, II and III The diagram shows the maternal and paternal chromosomes from a muscle cell. key maternal paternal If the cell divides by meiosis, which diagram shows a possible viable gamete? A © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 B C 5094/01/Prelim/2012 D [Turn over 12 32 A pregnant woman is told by a genetic counselor that her baby has equal chances of being either blood group A or blood group AB. What are the possible genotypes of the woman and her husband? A B 33 AA and BO AB and BO C D AO and BB AB and AO The diagram shows part of the central nervous system where X, Y and Z indicate possible positions to apply an anesthetic block. A person’s hand is pricked by a pin. Which of the following correctly describes the effects when an anesthetic block is applied at X and Y respectively? X A B C D 34 35 pain felt Y arm moved pain felt arm moved key: true not true Which of the following are genetically identical? I II III IV brothers and sisters from the same parents seedless fruits from the same plant seeds in the same fruit white blood cells from the same person A B I and II I and IV C D II and III II and IV In a DNA molecule, how many codons are required to code for a polypeptide containing 300 amino acids? A B 100 codons 150 codons © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 C D 5094/01/Prelim/2012 300 codons 900 codons [Turn over 13 36 The diagram below shows the relationship between DNA, genes and chromosomes. Identify the structures labeled P, Q and R. P gene chromosome DNA chromosome A B C D 37 38 R chromosome gene chromosome DNA Where does genetic variation occur in the production of offspring? I II III IV prophase I of meiosis metaphase I of meiosis prophase II of meiosis fertilization A B I, II and IV I, III and IV C D II and III only II and IV only Some types of bacteria make carbohydrates from chemicals found near very hot underwater volcano habitats. What are these bacteria? A B 39 Q DNA DNA gene gene anaerobic consumers C D decomposers producers Which resources are constantly recycled to maintain life? A B C D carbon © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 oxygen energy 5094/01/Prelim/2012 key: recycled not recycled [Turn over 14 40 The diagram shows part of a food web. Which is a pyramid of numbers based on this food web? © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 5094/01/Prelim/2012 [Turn over 15 Suggested Answers 1-5 21-25 DDACA BDCCD 6-10 26-30 © Junyuan Secondary School 2012 CCCCA DAACA 11-15 31-35 5094/01/Prelim/2012 ACCBA CAADC 16-20 36-40 ACABD BADBA [Turn over