Download Normal microbiota of the oral cavity

microbiota
the oral
•Normal
Vinnitsa National
Pirogovof
Memorial
Medical
University
/ Department
of
cavity.
Bacterial
and viral
microbiology
diseases of the mouth. Dental
infections.
Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University /
Department of microbiology
Normal microbiota of the oral
cavity
• The normal microbiota of the oral cavity
contains organisms able to resist
mechanical removal by adhering to
surfaces like the gums and teeth.
• The
oral
cavity
is
colonize
by
microorganisms from the surrounding
environment within hours after a human is
born.
• Initially the microbiota consists mostly of
the genera (aerobes and anaerobes)
• Streptococcus
• Neisseria
• Actinomyces
• Veillonella
• Lactobacillus
• Candida
• As the first teeth erupt, the anaerobes
become dominant due to the anaerobic
nature of the gingival groove.
• As teeth grow, S.parasanguis and
S.mutans attach to their enamel
surfaces.
• S.salivarius attaches to the buccal and
gingival
epithelial
surfaces
and
colonizes the saliva.
• The presence of these bacteria
contributes to the eventual formation
of
• Dental plaque
• Caries
• Gingivitis
• Periodontal disease
Dental plaque
• The first step in the
formation of dental
plaque
Dental plaque
• Two species that might
not attach to each other
may attach to a third.
• After the microbial plaque ecosystem
develops.
• Bacteria produce acids from sugars.
• They are not diluted or neutralized,
and they demineralize the enamel to
produce a lesion on the tooth.
• It is this chemical lesion that initiates
dental decay.
The formation of dental plaque
Characteristics of some of the
bacteria found in dental plaque
•
•
•
•
Actinimyces
Lactobacillus
Neisseria
Rothia
Characteristics of some of the
bacteria found in dental plaque
• Streptococcus
• Veillonella
Periodontal disease
• Periodontal disease – refers to a diverse
group of diseases that affect the
periodontium.
Periodontal disease
• Disease is initiate by the
formation of subgingival
plaque
Periodontal disease
• The
result
is
an
inflammatory
reaction
known as periodontitis
• formation
pockets.
of
periodontal
Periodontal disease
• formation of a periodontal
abscess,
general
tissue
necrosis.
Viral diseases of the mouth and
salivary glands
• Some viral diseases commonly involve
the mouth, but produce more dramatic
symptoms elsewhere in the body. For
example,
• Measles
• Chicken pox
Viral diseases of the mouth and
salivary glands
• Infectious mononucleosis
• Coxackieviruses
Herpes infection