Download AGE OF CHRISTENDOM

AGE OF CHRISTENDOM
After fall of Rome, the Pope had no “muscle,” - no emperor
-until the Franks
481
Clovis accepts Christianity
-Clotilda
-Battle of Tobiac
-originally became Arians (Jesus was a created being that came to earth became human and defeated the
conquering warlord”)
Arian Christianity
-at death, he divides his kingdom among his sons
>infighting and kings and kingdom weaken
>out of this disarray – MAYOR OF THE PALACE (powerful noble) arose
like Prime Minister in England
king becomes a puppet
Charles Martel (the Hammer) – 1st MOP
732 – Battle of Tours
Pepin the Short
had power, but no title
asked Pope Zachary who should be king
-Pope supported Pepin
>protection against Lombards
Childeric III was deposed
752
Pepin became “King of the Franks”
754
Pope Stephen II asks Pepin to fight Lombards
-after defeating Lombards gave “Papal States” to Pope Stephen II
>Papal States provided basis for Pope’s developing “temporal power”
Charlemagne
799
12.25.800
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Pope Leo III asked for help against Roman nobles
Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne “Holy Roman Emperor”
**empire was not holy, Roman, or recognized
this tied Church and State together
1)*on 12.23.800 – Charlemagne escorted Pope Leo III back into Rome as the most powerful and 2
days later, with the crowning, Pope Leo III had the power
the Church had hired “MUSCLE”
2)Charlemagne feared war with Byzantine Emperor
*not until 812 (Treaty of Aix-la-Chapele) was Charlemagne viewed as an equal
Mr. Meier
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AGE OF CHRISTENDOM
Charlemagne became 1st to unite Western Roman Empire since Rome’s fall in 476
>brought law/order
>est. “Moral Authority”
>outlawed dancing/gambling
>installed “Papal ideas”
One big problem for western Europe was a blessing for the Church – PEOPLE WERE ILLITERATE, except for the Clergy
People came to Clergy for knowledge, but Charlemagne ordered that in every Church, boys would be taught
reading/writing/arithmetic
>schools for “common man”
814
Charlemagne died – Frankish kingdom declined and disorder developed
RISE OF FEUDALISM
**there is still an emperor, but they have lost a lot of power due to disorder and division of land
>LORD – gave land
>VASSAL – received land – paid “homage” (allegiance) to Lord
>Churches now controlled by Lords
-had to begin paying political leaders to stay on “their” land
-beginning of LAY INVESTITURE
”layman” would empower spiritual leaders with authority to ADMINISTER Church
**like a pastor having to get power from Mayor of Newburgh
BIG PROBLEM DEVELOPS
-“unspiritual” men would use politics to get “spiritual” power
-these men would give “paybacks” to leaders = SIMONY
Simon tried to buy power to be an apostle (Book of Acts)
-led to NEPOTISM
political leaders replacing qualified spiritual leaders with “family” members
300 French Monasteries rebelled
-Churches do not derive power from the State, but the State gets its power from the Church
-refused to pay rent to political leaders
-fighting started
Pope Gregory VII
>establishes “PAPAL INFALLIBILITY”
cannot be wrong, led by God
>declared Simony illegal
>outlawed “Lay Investiture”
>accuses Emperor Henry IV of Simony
Gregory calls Henry to come before him – Henry NO!
Henry calls Gregory to come before him – Gregory NO!
Mr. Meier
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AGE OF CHRISTENDOM
Henry calls a council to declare Gregory unfit to rule and to remove him
Gregory plays “HARD BALL”
-declares all land ruled by Henry to be under “INTERDICTION”
Pope Gregory forbid any priest/bishop to serve Communion in Henry’s land
-Communion seen as the “real blood/body of Christ” – THIS WAS THE MEANS TO GRACE
Interdiction did not just cut you off from Communion, it cut you off from
receiving God’s Grace – YOUR GOING TO HELL!!!
Gregory is telling Henry that he will send his entire land to Hell – German princes cried out for mercy
–how do people know the difference when they CANNOT READ
-you don’t own a Bible – everything you hear comes from the Clergy
-Clergy controlled Communion – elements were behind Priest and a rail in front of you
you do not come to Communion – the Priest raises the bread/wine and TRANSUBSTANTIATION
occurs
Priest places wafer on your tongue – you do not take it yourself
>let wafer dissolve – to chew would be to chew on Baby Jesus
1077
Henry IV begs for Gregory’s forgiveness at CANOSSA
-after 3 days – wearing “burlap clothing” – in snow – Gregory forgives Henry
1090
Pope Gregory VII issued the DICTATUS PAPAE (Papal claims – not necessarily laws)
>pope has power to depose emperors
>only Bishop of Rome took title of POPE
>pope alone has power to depose/reinstate bishops
>pope can be judged by no one
>pope has ability to “absolve” people from their “oaths of fealty” to wicked lords/rulers
>all princes shall “kiss his feet” alone
POWER OF SUPERSTITUTION
****people are led to believe they can be withheld from Heaven – the POPE’S OWN THE PEOPLE
pope’s do not have this authority, but who can argue, they cannot read/write
Papacy becomes the most powerful office in Europe
1300
Pope Boniface in his crown
48 Rubies
72 Sapphires
45 Emeralds
16 Pearls
2 rows of Gold showing King of CHURCH/STATE
“I am Caesar, I am Emperor”
PROBLEMS / CORRUPTION developed:
1)control of Communion by Clergy
Mr. Meier
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AGE OF CHRISTENDOM
2)7 Sacraments
-Baptism
-Confirmation
-Penance/Confession
-Communion
-Marriage
-Holy Orders - priesthood
-Extreme Unction – forgiveness at death
after JFK was shot, continued to circulate his blood so Priest could perform
3)Sacerdotalism
-Priests bestow Grace
-established division between Clergy / Laity
-people’s growth depended solely upon clergy
4)Purgatory
-belief that no one is good enough to enter directly into Heaven
-intermediary place at death where you go to be punished for your sins
5)Indulgences
-shortened time in Purgatory
-although no one was good enough to enter directly into Heaven – there were some that were good enough
these “good works” built up a “treasury of credit”
-priests would instruct you to do “good deeds” which would “draw” off “stored credit”
-led to tithing, since it is considered a “good work”
you could pay to get out of Purgatory
-in time, you could pay for future sins
-in time, you could pay for mommy/daddy
John Tetzel was an agent for selling of indulgences
”when a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs”
how can you sit there with money in your pocket while your mom/dad are in Purgatory being punished
**St. Peter’s Cathedral was built using the selling of indulgences
**MARTIN LUTHER
6)”Via Moderna”
-synergistic approach (God and Man to gain Grace)
7)Papal Infallibility
-Unam Sanctum (bull) only Pope said what was Right or Wrong
8)Veneration of Mary
-Jesus was seen as fierce and wrathful – you did not want to come to Jesus for mercy, you went to the most
merciful person, Mary
By 14th century
-power had replaced piety
-tradition replaced truth
-synergism replaced monergism
-clergy replaced scripture
-expansion of kingdoms replaced true conversion
Mr. Meier
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