Download 4. Science Learning Module 4.1 - Describe cells their structure, and

Cosmetology Learning Module 6 – 08’
General Anatomy and Physiology
Part I
Page 1 of 2
Upon completion of this Cosmetology Learning Module, the student will be able
to explain the importance of anatomy and physiology to the cosmetology profession;
describe cells their structure, and their reproduction; define tissue and identify the types
of tissue found in the body; Name the 10 main body systems and explain their functions;
{demonstrate an understanding of the organs and systems of the human body and how
they function; identify bones of the head, face, arms and hands, and feet and legs; identify
muscles of the head, face, arm and hands, and feet and legs; identify nerves of the head,
face, arms and hands, and feet and legs}, with 80% accuracy, using the time necessary
for the individual student's own learning pace. There will be four (4) tests for this
module.
National Skill Standards:
 Providing basic skin care services
 Providing basic manicures and pedicures
To be completed:
1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 84 - 118.
2. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, Review Questions
PP 110, # 1 - 15.
3. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology Theory Workbook, Chapter 6,
PP 32 – 51.
4. Science Learning Module 4.1 - Describe cells their structure, and their
reproduction.
5. Science Learning Module 4.2 - Define tissue and identify the types of tissues
found in the body
6. Science Learning Module 4.3 - Demonstrate an understanding of the organs
and systems of the human body and how they function.
7. Test for Science Learning Modules 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3.
8. Science Learning Module 4.4 - Identify bones of the head, face, arms and
hands, and feet.
9. Test for Science Learning Module 4.4.
10. Science Learning Module 4.5 - Identify muscles of the head, face, arms and
hands, and feet.
11. Test for Science Learning Module 4.5.
12. Science Learning Module 4.6 - Identify the nerves of the head, face, arms and
hands, and feet.
13. Test for Science Learning Module 4.6.
14. Cells, Anatomy and Physiology video - notes must be handed in for grade.
15. State Board Exam # 6.
Page 2 of 2
Must complete one of the following projects:
16. Pick one (1) of the ten (10) body systems and draw a chart explaining its
purpose, functions, and how it interacts, relates or relies on the other nine (9)
body systems.
17. Give an oral presentation to the class explaining one (1) of the ten-(10) body
systems, explaining its purpose, functions, and how it interacts, relates or
relies on the other nine-(9) body systems.
Research (optional)
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].
18. Research the importance of a cosmetologist understanding and possessing a
knowledge of human anatomy and physiology. Include the medical aspect of
the industry back in the medieval times, through barbering when the town
barber was also the town doctor, today with safety standards and safety
awareness is at an all time high. The paper must be five (5) pages in length,
double spaced, and typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. You must have at
three (3) different resources and include a bibliography of resources used.
Science Learning Module 4.1
Describe Cells their Structure, and their Reproduction
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will be able
describe cells their structure, and their reproduction, with 85% accuracy, using the time
necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon
completion of this Science Learning Module 4.1 and Science Learning Module 4.2, and
4.3.
To be Completed:
1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 87 - 89.
2. Worksheet # 1 - Cell Structures.
3. Worksheet # 2 - The Cell.
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:
4. Make a poster of the human cell including all the different parts of the cell.
The poster must be at least 11" x 13" encompassing 90% of the paper.
5. Make a poster describing cell growth, and reproduction. The poster must be
at least 11" x 13" encompassing 90% of the paper.
6. Give an oral presentation to the class on the parts of the cell, and the growth
and reproduction of the cell. The presentation must be 3- 4 minutes in length
with an introduction and conclusion.
Research (optional)
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period]
7. Research Organic Professional Hair, Skin or Nail care products. Is the
product really organic? What exactly does organic mean? What does the
average person think organic means? How can this affect our everyday lives?
Is it harmful to not fully understand what organic means? Write a research
paper including the above questions. The paper must be at least four (4)
pages in length, double-spaced, typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. You
must have at least three (3) different resources and include a bibliography of
your resources.
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.1
Name
Worksheet # 1
Page 1 of 2
Cell Structures
Word Bank:
cells
protoplasm
growth
cell membrane
oxygen
fat
anabolism
cytoplasm
self-repair
supply of food
water
enter
1.
reproduction
nucleus
eliminate waste
catabolism
metabolism
suitable temperature
center
anabolism
catabolism
homeostasis
are the basic units of all things.
2. Cells are made up of
.
3. The
is the dense protoplasm found in the
of the cell. It plays an important part in cell reproduction and metabolism.
4. The
is found outside of the nucleus and is the watery fluid that
contains food materials necessary for:
a.
b.
c.
5. The
encloses the protoplasm. It permits soluble
substances to
and leave the cell.
6. A cell will grow if it receives adequate:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Page 2 of 2
7. What happens to a cell if toxins are present? (not in word bank)
8.
is a complex chemical process whereby the body cells are
nourished and supplied with the energy needed to carry on their activities.
9.
is the process of building up larger molecules from smaller
ones.
10.
is the breaking down of larger substances or molecules into
smaller ones.
11.
and
simultaneously in the cells.
12. *
organism.
are carried out
is the maintenance of normal, internal stability in the
13. * What happens to molecules of energy that are not used? (Hint it turns to this)
(* = not in book)
Science Learning Module 4.2
Define tissue and Identify the Types of Tissues Found in the Body
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will be able to
define tissue and identify the types of tissue found in the body, with 85% accuracy, using
the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given
upon completion of this Science Learning Module and Science Learning Module 4.1, and
4.3.
To be completed:
1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 89.
2. Worksheet # 1 -Tissues.
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:
3. Create a hanging mobile depicting the five-(5) types of tissues. (Can be
hanging from yarn, clothes hanger etc.)
4. Make a poster of the five (5) types of tissue and where they are found, and how
the body utilizes all of them. The poster must be at least 11" x 13"
encompassing 90% of the paper.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class describing the five-(5) types of tissue,
where they are found and how the body utilizes all of them. The presentation
must 4 - 6 minutes in length, with an introduction and a conclusion.
Research (optional)
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period.]
6. Write a research paper on the importance of cosmetologists having an
understanding and possess the knowledge of cells and tissues. The paper must
be at least two (2) pages in length, double spaced, and typed or printed (not
cursive) neatly. You must use at least three (3) different resources and include
a bibliography of resources used.
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.2
Name
Worksheet # 1
Page 1 of 1
Tissues
Word Bank
tissue
liquid
muscular
coordinates
connective
epithelial
nerve
1. A
function.
is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular
2.
contracts and moves the various parts of the body.
3.
carries food, waste products, and hormones through the
body.
4.
serves to support, protect, and bind together other tissues
of the body.
5.
carries messages to and from the brain, and controls and
all bodily functions.
6.
is a protective covering on body surfaces.
Science Learning Module 4.3
Demonstrate an Understanding of the Organs and Systems of the Human Body
and How They Function
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will able to
demonstrate an understanding of the organs and systems of the human body and how
they function, with 80% accuracy, using the time necessary for the individual student’s
own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of this Science Learning
Module and Science Learning Modules 4.1, and 4.2.
To be completed:
1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 87, 89 -90 and
150 - 156.
2. Information Sheet # 1 - The Heart
3. Information Sheet # 2 - Arteries of the Head and Face
4. Information Sheet # 3 - Veins of the Head and Face
5. Information Sheet # 4 - Veins of the Head and Face
6. Information Sheet # 5 - Regulators of Body Functions
7. Worksheet # 1 - Regulators of Body Functions Review
8. Worksheet # 2 - The Human Body Organs and Systems
9. Worksheet # 3 - The Circulatory System
10. Worksheet # 4 - The Respiratory System
Research (optional)
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period.]
11. Write a research paper on why the cosmetologist must have the knowledge
and understanding of the ten (10) human body systems. The paper must be at
least three (3) pages in length, double spaced, and typed or printed (not
cursive) neatly. You must use at least three (3) different resources and
include a bibliography of your sources.
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.3
NAME
Worksheet # 2
Page 1 of 2
The Human Body Organs and Systems
Organs:
Match the number (word) to the letter (definition).
1. _____
Brain
a. Digest food
2. _____
Heart
b. Controls the body
3. _____
Lungs
c. Excrete water and other waste
4. _____
Liver
d. Circulates the blood
5. _____
Kidneys
e. Removes toxic products of digestion
6. _____
Stomach and Intestines
f. Supplies oxygen to the blood
Systems:
Match the number (word) to the letter (definition).
7. _____
Integumentary
a. Organs for reproducing
8. _____
Skeletal
b. Ductless glands
9. _____
Muscular
c. Skin
10. _____
Nervous
d. Stomach and Intestines
11. _____
Circulatory
e. Bones
12. _____
Endocrine
f. Blood supply
13. _____
Excretory
g. Muscles
14. _____
Respiratory
h. Organs of elimination
15. _____
Digestive
i. Nerves
16. _____
Reproductive
j. Lungs
page 2 of 2
Definitions:
Write the definition of the following words. (page 87)
17. Anatomy -
18. Physiology -
19. Histology -
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.3
Name
Worksheet # 3
Page 1 of 4
The Circulatory System
1. What are two other names for the Circulatory System?
a.
b.
2. The
system controls the steady circulation of the blood
through the body by means of the heart and the blood
.
3. What makes up the blood vessels?
a.
b.
c.
4. There are two (2) divisions that make up the Vascular System. What are they and
define them.
a.
b.
5. What is the membrane in which the heart is enclosed?
6. What cranial nerve helps regulate the heart beat? (name and number).
a.
b.
page 2 of 4
7. List the four-(4) chambers of the heart.
a.
b.
c.
d.
8.
allow the blood to flow in only one (1) direction.
9.
are thick-walled muscular and flexible tubes that carry
blood from the heart to the capillaries.
10.
are minute, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the
smaller arteries to the veins.
11. Through the walls of
eliminate waste products.
12.
, the tissues receive nourishment and
are thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than
arteries. They are also located closer to the surface of the body than arteries.
13.
is the nutritive fluid circulating through the circulatory
system.
14.
is a sticky, salty fluid with normal temperature of 98.6
degrees and makes up about 1/20th of the weight of the body.
15. How many pints of blood does an adult have in their body?
16. There are two (2) systems that take care of blood circulation. Name and define them.
a.
page 3 of 4
b.
17. What is the function of red corpuscles?
18. What is the function of white corpuscles?
19. What is another name for white corpuscles?
20. Why are red blood platelets important to the body?
21. Define Plasma -
22. List the five-(5) chief functions of blood.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
page 4 of 4
23.
is a clear yellowish, watery fluid that is derived from the
plasma of the blood, mainly by filtration through the capillary walls into the tissue
spaces.
24. List the four-(4) primary functions of lymph.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.3
Name
Worksheet #
Page 1 of 1
Arteries of the Head, Face and Neck
1. The external
(facial) artery supplies the blood to the
lower region of the face, mouth, and nose.
2. The superficial
to the front, side, and top of the head.
artery supplies the muscles, skin, and scalp
3.
artery supplies the crown and side of the head.
4.
artery supplies the anterior part of the ear.
5.
artery supplies the scalp, the area back and above
the ear, and the skin behind the ear.
6.
artery supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the
scalp and the back of the head, up to the crown.
Veins of the Head, Face and Neck
7. What are the two (2) principle veins?
a.
b.
Blood Supply for the Arm and Hand
8. The
artery and its numerous branches supply the
little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand.
9. The
arm and the back of the hand.
artery and its branches supply the thumb side of the
Cosmetology
Science Learning Module 4.3
Name
Worksheet # 4
Page 1 of 2
The Respiratory System
1. Where is the respiratory system located?
2. The
is a muscular partition that controls breathing, and
separates the chest from the abdominal region.
3. The
that takes in air.
are spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells
4. During
oxygen is absorbed into the blood.
5. During
carbon dioxide is expelled.
6.
is more essential than food or water.
The Digestive System
7.
is the process of converting food into a form that can be
assimilated by the body.
8. The digestive system changes food into a
for use by the body.
9. Where does digestion begin?
10. What path through the body does food take?
a.
b.
c.
11. Where is refuse stored for elimination through the rectum?
form, suitable
page 2 of 2
12.
are chemicals that change certain kinds of food into
a form capable of being used by the body.
13. What can seriously disturb the digestive process?
a.
b.
c.
14. What can promote good digestion?
a.
b.
TEST
Science Learning Module 4.4
Identify Bones of the Head, Face, Arms and Hands, and Feet
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will be able to
identify the bones of the head, face, arms and hands, and feet, with 80% accuracy, using
the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given
upon completion of the Science Learning module.
To be completed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 135 - 139.
Information Sheet # 1 - Joints Classified to Degree of Movement Permitted.
Information Sheet # 2 - Bones of the Arm and Hand
Information Sheet # 3 - Part II - The Science of Nail Technology
Worksheet # 1 - Bones of the Head, Face and Neck
Worksheet # 2 - Bones of the Arm and Hand
Worksheet # 3 – The Skeletal System
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:
8. Make a chart of the bones of the arm and hand, leg and foot, or face and
skull that a cosmetologist must have a knowledge of to perform services
more effectively.
9. Make a poster depicting an arm and hand, leg and foot, face, or skull and
draw and label the bones.
10. Give an oral presentation to the class pointing out the bones of the arm and
hand, leg and foot, or face and skull, including what services would benefit
from the cosmetologist having a knowledge of these bones.
Research (optional):
11. Write a research paper on how bone structure affects three services given in a
salon. How and why does bone structure come into play concerning a
haircut? Makeup? Fingernail Tips? The paper must be at least three (3)
pages in length, double-spaced and typed or printed (not cursive) neatly.
You must use at least three (3) different resources and include a bibliography
of your sources.
Cosmetology Learning Module 4.4
Worksheet #3
Name _______________________
Page 1 of 3
The Skeletal System
1. The skeletal system is the _______________________________________________
of the body.
2. ________________ is the second hardest tissue of the body.
3. ________________ is the hardest tissue of the body.
4. Bone is made up of about _________ animal matter and __________ mineral matter.
5. ________________ is the technical name for bone.
6. ________________ is the scientific study of bones, their structure, and functions.
7. List the primary functions of the bones ( in complete sentences).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
8. List the two (2) parts of the skull.
a.
b.
9. The ___________________ bone forms the lower back part of the cranium.
page 2 of 3
10. The two (2) _________________ bones from the sides and top of the cranium or the
__________________.
11. How many temporal bones are there?
____________.
12. The _________________ bone is a light spongy bone between the eye sockets and
forms the nasal cavity.
13. What two (2) bones are not affected by massage?
a.
b.
14. How many nasal bones form the bridge of the nose? __________.
15. There are two (2) _____________________ bones that form the prominence of the
cheek.
16. The ____________________ is the lower jawbone.
17. What is the largest and strongest bone of the face? __________________________
18. How many maxillae bones form the upper jaw? ___________.
19. The __________________ is the uppermost and largest bone of the arm.
20. The ________________ is the large on the little finger side of the forearm.
21. The ________________ is the small bone on the thumb side of the forearm.
22. How many carpals are there? ________________.
23. What do the carpals form? __________________ .
24. How many metacarpals are they? _______________.
25. What do the metacarpals form? _____________________.
26. What are the tarsals ? _______________________.
27. How many tarsals are there? ______________.
page 3 of 3
28. What are the metatarsals? _______________________.
29. How many metatarsals are there? _________________.
30. Each finger consists of three (3) _____________________ while the thumb has only
two (2).
TEST
Science Learning Module 4.5
Identify the Muscles of the Head, Face, Arms and Hands and Feet
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will be able to
identify the Muscles of the head, face, arms and hands, and feet, with 80% accuracy,
using the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test will be
given upon completion of the Science Learning module.
To be completed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 141- 145.
Information Sheet # 1 - The Muscular System
Information Sheet # 2 - Muscles of the Face and Head
Information Sheet # 3 - Part II The Science of Nail Technology
Worksheet # 1 - Muscles of the Head, Face and Neck
Worksheet # 2 – The Muscular System
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:
7. Make a chart of the muscles of the arm and hand, leg and foot, or face and
skull that a cosmetologist must have a knowledge of to perform services
more effectively. List what services would benefit from the knowledge of
each muscle.
8. Make a poster depicting an arm and hand, leg and foot, face, or skull and
draw and label the muscles.
9. Give an oral presentation to the class pointing out the muscles of the arm and
hand, leg and foot, or face and skull, including what services would benefit
from the cosmetologist having a knowledge of these muscles.
Research (optional):
10. Write a research paper on how muscles affect the services given in a
salon. How and why does muscle come into play during a manicure?
Pedicure? Facial? The paper must be at least three (3) pages in length,
double-spaced and typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. You must use at
least three (3) different resources and include a bibliography of your sources.
Cosmetology Learning Module 4.5
Worksheet # 2
Name
Page 1 of 2
The Muscular System
1. The muscular system ____________________, _____________________, and
____________________ the skeleton.
2. Its function is to ___________________________________________ of the body.
3. ____________________ is the study of the structure, functions, and diseases of the
muscles.
4. Muscle comprise _________ % - ___________ % of the weight of the human body.
5. List the three (3) kinds of muscle tissue and define them.
a.
b.
c.
6. What is the part of the muscle that does not move? ____________________.
7. What is the part of the muscle that moves? ____________________.
8. The ________________________ is a broad muscle that covers the top of the skull.
9. What are the two (2) parts of the occipito-frontalis?
a.
b.
10. The ______________________________ is the band around the eye.
11. The ___________________ muscle draws the eyebrow down and in.
page 2 of 2
12. The ______________________________ is the three (3) branch muscle surrounding
the upper lip.
13. The ________________ is the tip of the chin.
14. The _________________________ is the flat band around the mouth.
15. The ______________________ draws the corner of the mouth out and in as in
grinning.
16. The ________________________ extends over the cheek bone and elevates the lip
as in _____________________.
17. The ___________________________ is in front of the ear.
18. The __________________ is the broad muscle that extends from the chest and
shoulder muscles to the sides of the chin.
19. The ________________ bend the wrist, draw the hand up, and close the fingers
toward the forearm.
20. The _________________ straighten the wrist, hands, and fingers to form a straight
line.
21. The ___________________ muscles separate the fingers.
22. The ___________________ muscles draw the fingers together.
TEST
Science Learning Module 4.6
Identify the Nerves of the Head, Face, Arms and Hands and Feet
Upon completion of this Science Learning Module, the student will be able to
identify the nerves of the head, face, arms and hands, and feet, with 80% accuracy, using
the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given
upon completion of the Science Learning module.
To be completed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 6, PP 146 - 150.
Information Sheet # 1 - Two Heads with Nerves Drawn
Information Sheet # 2 - Part II The Science of Nail Technology
Worksheet # 1 - Motor Nerve Points
Worksheet # 2 - Nerves of the Scalp, Face and Neck
Worksheet # 3 - Nerves of the Head Face and neck
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:
7. Create a Hanging mobile depicting the various nerves of the arm and hand,
leg and foot, or face and skull, that a cosmetologist must have a knowledge
of to perform services more effectively. (Can be hanging from yarn, clothes
hanger etc.).
8. Make a chart of the nerves of the arm and hand, leg and foot, face, or skull
that a cosmetologist must have a knowledge of to perform services more
effectively. List what services would benefit from this knowledge.
9. Give an oral presentation to the class pointing out the nerves of the arm and
hand, leg and foot, or face and skull, including what services would benefit
from the cosmetologist having a knowledge of these nerves.
Research (optional):
10. Write a research paper on how the nerves affect the services given in a
salon. How and why do nerves come into play during a manicure?
Pedicure? Facial? Scalp Treatment? The paper must be at least three (3)
pages in length, double-spaced and typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. You
must use at least three (3) different resources and include a bibliography of
your sources.
TEST