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Science Study Guide
Rocks and Minerals
1. The way a mineral shines is called its luster.
2. A solid material made up of one or more minerals is rock.
3. A mineral’s tendency to split along flat surfaces is cleavage.
4. Rock that forms when existing rock is changed by heat and
pressure beneath Earth’s surface is metamorphic rock.
Examples include marble and gneiss.
5. How easily a mineral can be scratched is its hardness.
6. A nonliving solid that has a definite chemical makeup and is
found in Earth’s outermost layer is a mineral.
7. A mineral that is shiny like a metal is called metallic mineral.
8. Rock that forms when sand, particles of rock, bits of soil and
remains of once-living things are cemented is called
sedimentary rock. Examples include obsidian and granite
9. Rock that forms from cooled molten rock is called igneous
rock. Examples include obsidian and granite.
10.A mineral that is dull or glassy is called a nonmetallic
mineral.
11.The color of a mineral when it is ground to a powder is
streak.
12.Sand, bits of rock, and the remains of once living things are
called sediment.
13.All rocks are made up of one or more minerals.
14.Rock cycle – The continuous series of changes that rocks
undergo
15.Weathering is the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces
called sediments.
16.Cementing is the process that cements or “glues” sediment
particles together.
17.Water makes up about 60% of your body weight.
Know the different types of minerals on the Mohs Hardness
Scale.
What are four different ways to identify a mineral?
What are the four layers of the earth? Where are they located?