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Science Essay chapter 6 study guide
Study tip: rewrite using bullet points and remember how many points.
Explain how the sun produces energy. 5pts
The sun produces energy when hydrogen combines to form helium and energy.
Inside the Sun, which is a star and the largest body in the solar system, hydrogen
particles smash together to make helium. This smashing is called FUSION. A little
bit of mass is lost when hydrogen particles combine to make helium. According to
Einstein’s equation, E=Mc2 , that little bit of mass is changed into energy. We see
this energy as light and heat as well as other kinds of energy that cannot be seen.
Pg 302
Explain the structure of the solar system. 7pts
The solar system consists of planets and other bodies that orbit the sun in
predictable paths. Besides the sun, the objects in the solar system include from
nearest to farthest from the sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune. Many of the planets have moons or natural satellites, which
are objects in space that circle around another object. Asteroids and comets revolve
around the sun while Meteors are objects that cross paths with Earth and enter its
atmosphere. Pg 308-312
Explain the gravitational relationship and path between the Sun and planets. 11pts
The path of a planet around the Sun is due to the gravitational attraction between
the Sun and the planet. Gravity is a force of attraction or pull. The moon’s gravity
can cause the Earth’s tides. The amount of gravity depends on total mass and
distance of objects’ centers. The larger mass=more pull. Gravity holds planets in
their orbits. The Planets in the Solar system orbit the sun and tend to fall towards it.
At the same time their forward motion tends to make them move away from it. The
effect of these two motions makes the planets move in a nearly circular orbit called
an ellipse. Pg 321
Common Core Standards for your information…
Earth Sciences (The Solar System)
The solar system consists of planets and other bodies that orbit the Sun in
predictable paths. As a basis for understanding this concept:
Students know the Sun, an average star, is the central and largest body in the solar
5.a.
system and is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.
Students know the solar system includes the planet Earth, the Moon, the Sun, eight
5.b.
other planets and their satellites, and smaller objects, such as asteroids and comets.
Students know the path of a planet around the Sun is due to the gravitational
5.c.
attraction between the Sun and the planet.
5.