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Foundations of Physical Science Workshop: Electric Circuits Electric Circuits CPO Science Key Questions What “flow of understanding” provides the necessary foundation for an understanding of electricity? What kinds of electric circuits can you build? How does electricity behave? Light the Bulb! What needs to happen to get the bulb to light? Parts of our Circuits Kit Wooden Board Wires of various lengths On/Off switches Bulbs and holder Resistors – fixed and variable Build a simple Circuit Place the bulb in a socket Use one D cell Make the bulb light! Add a switch to conserve D cell energy Use your finger to trace the path of electricity from one terminal of the D cell to the other terminal Parts of a Circuit Wire Bulb Battery Switch Symbols used for Diagramming Let’s build on this… Add a second D cell to your circuit, right next to the first. Be sure to match up positive terminal with negative terminal Do you notice any difference? Add a second light bulb to the circuit, keeping only one pathway for electricity to follow What do you observe now? Series Circuit Another way to light two bulbs Keep two D cells in the circuit Wire up the 2 light bulbs so that there are two branches or pathways for electricity to follow What differences do you observe? Parallel Circuit Can you explain why the bulbs in a parallel circuit are brighter? Water Analogy Resistance and Current Inverse Relationship Voltage The amount of potential energy that each unit of charge has Review V = voltage, measured in volts I = current, measured in amperes, or amp R = resistance, measured in Ohms, symbol W Using the Multimeter to measure Voltage Battery by itself Battery in a circuit Using the Multimeter to measure Current Current in a circuit Multimeter completes the circuit Analyze Circuits 1 bulb Total voltage available Voltage across each bulb Total current at terminal Current through each bulb 2 bulbs in 2 bulbs in series parallel Why are parallel bulbs brighter? 1 bulb Total voltage available Voltage across each bulb Total current at terminal Current through each bulb 2.8 V 2 bulbs in 2 bulbs in series parallel 2.8 V 2.8 V 2.8 V 1.4 V 2.8 V .12 A .10 A 0.24 A .12 A .10 A 0.12 A