Download 4 Greece Review Sheet

Name __________________________
4. Greece SOL Review #4
Part 1: Greek Geography
1. What terrain helped and hindered city-state development?
2. Due to limited arable ____________, Greeks looked to the _________ for their livelihood.
3. First major civilization to switch from barter to money (________) economy)
4. All Greek city-states had ________________, although selling oneself into it was eventually outlawed in Athens.
Part 2: Greek Mythology
5. Greeks were _______________________ in their religious beliefs.
6. What did the Greeks use religion to explain?
a. To explain ________________.
c. To obtain certain benefits in the present.
b. To explain _______________.
7. Who was king of the Greek gods?
8. Who was queen of the Greek gods and the goddess of marriage?
9. Who was the goddess of wisdom?
10. Who was the god of music?
11. Who was the goddess of the hunt?
12. Who was the goddess of love?
Part 3: Athens
13. Citizens (_____________ adult ____________) had political rights and the responsibility of civic participation.
____________ & ________________ had no political rights.
14. Athens was ruled by a _________________ (king), ___________________ (elite), _________________ (ruler
who takes power by force, then a __________________ (people rule)
15. Which tyrant created Athens’ first written code of law? Today we call a harsh law __________________.
16. Which tyrant banned selling oneself into slavery to pay off a debt?
17. A ________________________ is a government by the people.
18. A __________________ democracy is when all citizens participate directly in making decisions.
19. The United States today uses a ________________________ Democracy in which citizens elect representatives
to govern for them.
Part 4: Sparta
20. In order to control the large slave population what did the Spartans create?
21. A government run by a small group of people, like in Sparta, is called an _____________________.
22. Sparta created a rigid social structure in their city-state. At the top were the _____________, who had all
political power. At the bottom were the _____________, or slaves.
Part 5: The Greek Wars
23. The Persian Wars (499-449 B.C.)
a. Persian wars united _________ and ____________ against the Persian Empire.
b. Athenian victories over the Persians at __________ and ___________ left Greeks in control of the
Aegean Sea.
c. ______________ preserved its independence and continued innovations in government and culture.
24. The Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.)
- Caused in part by competition for control of the Greek world- _______________ and the Delian League
v. _________________ and the Peloponnesian League
- Resulted in the slowing of ____________ advance and the weakening of ____________ power
Part 6: The Golden Age of Greece
25. Golden Age of Pericles in Athens (mostly occurring between the Persian and the Peloponnesian Wars)
a. Pericles extended __________________; most adult males had equal voice.
b. Pericles had ___________ rebuilt after destruction in Persian Wars; the _____________ (built for the
goddess Athena) is an example of this reconstruction.
26. Contributions of Greek culture to Western civilization
a. __________: Aeschylus, Sophocles
b Poetry: __________ (Iliad and Odyssey)
c. __________: Herodotus, Thucydides
d. _____________: Phidias
e. Architecture: Types of columns included ___________ (Parthenon), __________, and ____________
f. _________: Archimedes, Hippocrates
g. ____________: Euclid, Pythagoras
h. ______________: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Part 7: Alexander the Great
27. The _____________ conquest of Greece followed the weakening of Greek during the Peloponnesian Wars.
28. _____________ the Great adopted Greek culture and spread Hellenistic influences throughout his vast empire.
29. _________ II, King of Macedon, conquered most of ____________.
30. Alexander the Great established an empire from Greece to_________ in the south and the margins of ________.
He also extended ___________ cultural influence throughout his empire.
31. The Hellenistic Age under Alexander the Great was a blend of ____________ and oriental elements. He took the
best of all the cultures he conquered with Greek culture and spread it throughout his empire.