Download Grade 3 Earth Materials and Changes Pilot A

Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.1.
1. Which component of soil is made up of decayed parts of once-living organisms and is dark,
soft, and very crumbly?
(A) clay
(B) humus
(C) sand
(D) silt
3-3.1.
2. This rock is usually made up of pieces of rock called sediments that have been pressed and
cemented together. It may also contain animal shells or skeletons or other remains of plants or
animals. Which rock is being described?
(A) igneous
(B) humus
(C) metamorphic
(D) sedimentary
3-3.1.
3. Granite and basalt are common igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are formed when rock material is
(A) worn away and settled.
(B) heated and pressed together.
(C) heated, cooled, and hardened.
(D) pressed down with other rocks
3-3.1.
4. While digging, a person found that most of the rocks were igneous rocks. What can be
concluded?
(A) A volcano was nearby at one time.
(B) A glacier passed through at one time.
(C) The area was once covered by an ocean.
(D) The rocks were probably carried there by a river.
3-3.1.
5. Soil is made of
(A) rocks, clay, and sand.
(B) glass, water, and minerals.
(C) metals, minerals, and rocks.
(D) rocks, minerals, and decayed matter.
1 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.1.
6. Which rock was once another type of rock deep inside the Earth, but heat and the pressing of
the rocks above caused the minerals to change?
(A) igneous rock
(B) metamorphic rock
(C) sedimentary rock
(D) molten rock
3-1.3.
7. Alison is doing research for her report and built this organizer.
Shells
Tiny sea animal skeletons
Hardened parts of sea plants
Limestone
What question is Alison asking?
(A) How is limestone formed?
(B) Where is limestone found?
(C) How are bricks made from shells?
(D) Why do shells contain limestone?
3-3.1.
8. A handful of soil has a reddish color and holds a lot of water. What would this soil most
likely be called?
(A) clay
(B) humus
(C) loam
(D) silt
3-3.2
9. Ellen was observing minerals in science class. As she was describing them, she was using
words like shiny, pearly, glassy, and dull. Which property of the minerals was Ellen describing?
(A) acidity
(B) color
(C) hardness
(D) luster
2 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.2
10. Look at the picture below.
Which property of minerals is being tested?
(A) acidity
(B) color
(C) hardness
(D) luster
3-3.2.
11. The following minerals are listed from least hard to most hard.
Hardness
Mineral
1
talc
2
gypsum
3
calcite
4
fluorite
5
apatite
6
feldspar
7
quartz
8
topaz
9
corundum
10
diamond
A mineral can scratch calcite and fluorite, but not quartz. The mineral is most likely
(A) apatite.
(B) gypsum.
(C) talc.
(D) topaz.
3 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-1.5.
12. What type of tool could be used to measure the distance around an object shaped like a
circle?
(A) a beaker
(B) meter tape
(C) a syringe
(D) tweezers
3-3.3.
13. Which type of fossil is a cavity or opening in a rock that has the shape of the once living
thing?
(A) cast
(B) model
(C) mold
(D) preserved part
3-3.3.
14. This fossil of a prehistoric fish was found between layers of rock. The pattern is an imprint
left in the rock after the actual fish rotted away.
How can this fossil be classified?
(A) cast
(B) igneous
(C) mold
(D) preserved part
3-3.3.
15. An insect was trapped in amber millions of years ago. What is true about this fossil?
(A) The insect is still alive.
(B) The insect is decaying.
(C) The insect is a cast fossil.
(D) The insect has been preserved.
4 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.4.
16. A scientist found a fossil of a fish in an area of dry land. What inference can the scientist
make about her discovery?
(A) Fish used to live on dry land.
(B) The dry area was once covered by water.
(C) Fish were less abundant in ancient times.
(D) Someone placed the fossil in the dry area.
3-3.4.
17. Fossils of plants that are found in very cold areas of the Earth means that
(A) at one time the area had no life.
(B) at one time the area was covered in water.
(C) at one time the area was possibly dry and cool.
(D) at one time the area possibly had a warmer climate.
3-3.5.
18. How is water in lakes different from water that is in the ocean?
(A) There are more fish and plants in lakes than in oceans.
(B) There are more fish and plants in oceans than in lakes.
(C) Water in lakes is salt water, and water in oceans is fresh water.
(D) Water in lakes is usually fresh water, and water in oceans is salt water.
This is a flat map of the globe. Use the map to answer the next two questions.
A
B
C
D
3-3.5.
19. On this map, which areas are the Earth’s oceans?
(A) the tiny gray areas
(B) all of the white areas
(C) only the larger gray areas
(D) only the larger white areas
5 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.6.
20. What are the small white areas above “area D” called? (use the map on the previous page)
(A) canyons
(B) caverns
(C) islands
(D) valleys
3-3.5.
21. Which of the following best describes a glacier?
(A) flowing fresh water
(B) water found underground
(C) fresh water surrounded by land
(D) huge sheets of ice that cover land
3-1.2.
22. Earth has many saltwater and fresh water features. Which of the following choices below
would typically classify the bodies of water from smallest to largest?
(A) oceans, lakes, ponds
(B) ponds, lakes, oceans
(C) ponds, oceans, lakes
(D) oceans, ponds, lakes
3-1.6.
glaciers 2%
Water on Earth
ground water, atmosphere, lakes 1%
oceans 97%
23. What can you infer from the data in the above chart?
(A)
Half of Earth’s water is frozen.
(B)
Glaciers are made of salt water.
(C)
Most of Earth’s water is salt water.
(D)
The groundwater supply will never run out.
6 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.5.
24. Which statement is true about rivers?
(A)
They are bodies of fresh water surrounded by land.
(B)
They are bodies of saltwater surrounded by land.
(C)
They are small, flowing bodies of fresh water that usually empty into a pond.
(D)
They are large, flowing bodies of fresh water that usually empty into an ocean.
3-3.5.
25. Which of the following could be considered small, flowing bodies of fresh water that flow
into rivers?
(A)
lakes
(B)
oceans
(C)
ponds
(D)
streams
3-3.5.
26. _______ are large bodies of salt water that is often connected to oceans and may be partly or
completely surrounded by land.
(A)
Lakes
(B)
Ponds
(C)
Seas
(D)
Tidal pools
3-3.6.
A map is a model of the surface of the Earth. Look at the map below.
27. What type of landform makes up most of the western part of the United States?
(A)
canyons
(B)
plains
(C)
plateaus
(D)
valleys
7 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.6.
28. A place on Earth’s surface where the land is much higher than the land that surrounds it is
called a
(A)
hill
(B)
mountain
(C)
plain
(D)
plateau
3-3.6.
29. Which of the landforms below results from a volcano erupting again and again?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
3-3.6.
30. Jackson wants to illustrate an island on his map. What must he draw?
(A)
land that borders water on its coast
(B)
land surrounded by water on all sides
(C)
land where fresh water meets the ocean
(D)
land surrounded by water on three sides
3-3.6.
31. Charlotte is drawing a landform that was carved out by a river many years ago. Which
landform is she illustrating?
(A)
canyon
(B)
island
(C)
mountain
(D)
volcano
8 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.6.
32. A valley can be described as
(A)
large underground chamber.
(B)
a mountain area that has a flat top.
(C)
land with steep sides and a pointed top.
(D)
lowland area between higher areas such as mountains.
3-3.6.
33. A _______ is a large cave or underground chamber formed when water wears away the
rock.
(A)
canyon
(B)
cavern
(C)
island
(D)
valley
3-3.7.
34. Which of the following Earth materials is a resource that is used to grow plants?
(A)
coal
(B)
fossils
(C)
rocks
(D)
soil
3-3.7.
35. Dana made a chart about energy resources for her report.
Energy Resources
Coal
Oil
Wind
Solar power
Gasoline
Natural gas
Which of the following is an example of how Dana can use oil and coal?
(A)
Both can be burned to produce heat.
(B)
Both can be used to make building blocks.
(C)
Both can be use to make cement for buildings.
(D)
Both can be used to help plants to grow quickly.
9 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-1.6.
36. Use the earthquake diagrams to answer the question below.
Earthquake
Intensity
Type of Damage
1-2
Not felt by humans
3
Felt indoors
4-5
Slight damage
6-7
Minor to moderate damage
8-9
Major damage
10 - 12
Major to total damage
What can you infer about the damage that occurred in Charleston?
(A)
There was very little damage.
(B)
Pictures fell off walls in houses.
(C)
Many roads and buildings were destroyed.
(D)
People felt a few shakes, but nothing was damaged.
3-3.8.
37. What is flowing down the mountain in the picture causing a rapid change to Earth’s surface?
(A)
ashes
(B)
fire
(C)
lava
(D)
water
10 Grade 3
Science Pilot A
Earth’s Materials and Changes
3-3.8.
38. A large boulder slowly becomes smaller over hundreds of years. How did this rock change
in size?
(A)
People broke it down.
(B)
Animals scratched at it.
(C)
Wind and rain eroded it.
(D)
Plants used up all of its minerals.
3-3.8.
39. Because of the slow process of change called deposition, there can be a large amount of
earth material, like sand and rock at the end of a river. What is this deposition called?
(A)
delta
(B)
island
(C)
mountain
(D)
stream
3-3.8.
40. What happens when weathering is occurring?
(A)
Earth materials drop down to a lower location.
(B)
Earth materials are being broken down or apart.
(C)
Earth materials are carried away from their original location.
(D)
Earth materials that have been eroded are put in a new location.
3-3.8.
41. What is an effect of erosion?
(A)
Rock is formed.
(B)
Soil is destroyed.
(C)
Rock is carried away.
(D)
Fossil fuels are created.
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