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Chapter 12 Lesson 3 Alexander the Great and His Influence Pages 374-381 How did Alexander the Great spread Greek culture throughout the ancient world? The Rise of Macedonia • Alexander was bold and ambitious, even as a child. • Macedonia had one of the first professional armies. This gave the Macedonians a huge advantage over other cities who drafted farmers and workers to fight when needed. • They also had new machines called catapults that could throw heavy rocks over walls. The Rise of Macedonia 2 • Greece Falls to Macedonia: – King Philip used his army to conquer the Greeks. – Philip admired the Greek culture and therefore he chose not to destroy it. – He reorganized the army and combined it with his own. Alexander’s Conquests • Alexander became king at age 20 when his father was assassinated. • He began a conquest, or victory by force. The Spread of Greek Culture • Alexander had been trained by Aristotle, a famous Greek teacher and philosopher. • Alexander was called “the Great” because of his ability to spread Greek culture. • New Greek Colonies: – As he conquered areas, Alexander set up Greekstyled cities with Greeks left in charge. – Alexander also adopted some of the local culture. – The era became known as Hellenistic, or Greek. The Spread of Greek Culture 2 • The Museum at Alexandria: – In the new city of Alexandria, Egypt a glorious museum and a library were built. It was the famous Library of Alexandria. After Alexander • Alexander died at the age of 33 and his empire was divided by his many generals.