Download SBI3U Practice Exam_Review

Part A: Multiple Choice
[35]
Please choose the best answer for each of the following questions. Write your
response on the Answer Sheet found at the back of the exam. Each question is
worth one mark.
1. Which of the following reactions correctly describes cellular respiration?
a. C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b. C6H12O6 + 6H2O  6CO2 + 6O2 + Energy
c. 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Energy
d. 6CO2 + 6H2O+ Energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
2. This nutrient forms enzymes and some hormones and is an important structural
component of cell membranes, muscles, skin and internal organs.
a. Carbohydrates.
b. Fats.
c. Proteins.
d. Vitamins.
3. Different variations or traits of the same gene are called:
a. Genomes.
b. Gametes.
c. Loci.
d. Alleles.
4. Meiosis is characterized by:
a. Two divisions but only one replication of genetic material.
b. Two replications of genetic material but only one division.
c. The production of cells that have the diploid number of chromosomes.
d. The formation of a zygote.
5. In the F2 generation from Mendel’s cross of heterozygous tall pea plants, the observed,
phenotypic ratio of plant height was:
a. 1:1
b. 1:2:1
c. 3:1
d. 9:3:3:1
6. A pea plant in Mendel’s garden with the genotype TtRR produced 1000 gametes. How
many would be expected to have the genotype “TR”?
a. 1000
b. 750
c. 500
d. 250
7. Parents with type AB and type O blood can have children with the following blood types:
a. A, B and O blood types.
b. Only type AB blood.
c. A and B blood types.
d. Only type O blood
8. Crossing over during meiosis is important because:
a. It ensures the correct number of each type of chromosome.
b. It allows for independent assortment.
c. It prevents mutations.
d. It increases genetic variation.
9. The diploid number in the typical human cell is:
a. 46
b. 44
c. 23
d. 2
10. Males are more likely to be colour blind than females because:
a. They do not have as much estrogen as females.
b. Mendel’s Laws were wrong.
c. Colour blindness is an x-linked trait.
d. Their fathers were more likely to be colour blind.
11. Which structure is not part of the alimentary canal?
a. Small intestine.
b. Trachea.
c. Esophagus.
d. Pharynx.
12. Which of the following is NOT a major function of the large intestine?
a. Formation of feces.
b. Re-absorption of water.
c. Absorption of most proteins and carbohydrates.
d. Re-absorption of salt and formation of vitamins.
13. This gas is carried by the blood in the blood plasma, where it dissolves.
a. CO
b. N2
c. O2
d. CO2
14. Which of the following components of the blood is living?
a. Hormones.
b. Water.
c. Leukocytes.
d. Vitamins.
15. This heart chamber is the first to receive the oxygen-poor blood:
a. Right atrium.
b. Left atrium.
c. Right ventricle.
d. Left ventricle.
16. The backward flow of blood in the veins is prevented by:
a. The heartbeat.
b. Epithelial tissue.
c. A small lumen.
d. Valves.
17. The sinoatrial node or the pacemaker cell is found in which of the following chambers
a. Right atrium.
b. Left atrium.
c. Right ventricle.
d. Left ventricle.
18. What is the function of platelets?
a. To destroy foreign particles in the blood stream.
b. To carry deoxygenated blood back toward the heart.
c. To form blood clots in damaged blood vessels.
d. Provides a liquid medium for red blood cell transport.
19. In the six kingdom system of classification, eukaryotic organisms that mostly derive their
energy from the sun are members of which kingdom?
a. Protista.
b. Eubacteria.
c. Fungi.
d. Plantae.
20. Bacteria that obtain their food from decaying living matter may be described as:
a. Autotrophs.
b. Heterotrophs.
c. Saprobes.
d. Both b and c are correct.
21. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are alike in all of the following respects, EXCEPT:
a. They both contain DNA.
b. They possess ribosomes.
c. Their organelles are surrounded by internal membranes.
d. The cytoplasm is surrounded by cell membranes.
22. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the lytic cycle in viruses?
a. The virus takes over the host’s DNA and causes delayed symptoms.
b. The virus takes over the host’s DNA and causes immediate symptoms.
c. The virus becomes part of the host’s DNA and causes delayed symptoms.
d. The virus becomes part of the host’s DNA and causes immediate symptoms.
23. A prokaryotic organism that is adapted to live in harsh and extreme habitats includes the:
a. Sac-like fungi.
b. Eubacteria (e.g., cyanobacteria).
c. Protists (e.g., amoebas).
d. Archaebacteria (e.g., methanogens).
24. Which hormone causes plant roots to grow downward and away from the light?
a. Auxin.
b. Gibberellins.
c. Cytokinins.
d. Ethylene.
25. The primary function of a leaf is:
a. To provide shade from the harmful UV rays of the sun.
b. To produce sugar for the plant.
c. To transport water and minerals throughout the plant.
d. To store food.
26. Sugars travel down a plant from the leaves through the:
a. Phloem.
b. Xylem.
c. Both a and b are correct.
d. None of the above are correct.
27. Root hairs in plants have a similar function to the _____________ in humans.
a. Flagella.
b. Cilia.
c. Villi.
d. Both b and c are correct.
28. Which of the following structural characteristics are found in monocots?
a. Fibrous root system and one cotyledon.
b. Tap root system and three flower parts.
c. Fibrous root system and circular arrangement of vascular bundles in stem.
d. Tap root system and two cotyledons.
29. Which of the following statements regarding bryophytes is FALSE?
a. They are non-vascular plants.
b. Only the cells exposed to water can photosynthesize.
c. They live in wet, shady environments.
d. They are restricted to heights less than 2 cm.
30. The defining characteristic of a species is:
a. The ability to produce fertile offspring.
b. Having similar physical charactertistics.
c. Having similar embryology.
d. Living in the same habitat.
31.
What prevents one species from successfully interbreeding with another species?
a. Transformational speciation.
b. Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms.
c. Gradualism.
d. Microevolution.
32.
The process of involving changes in one or more characteristics of a population that
are heritable and occur across many generations is called:
a. Natural Selection.
b. Sexual Selection.
c. Population Genetics.
d. Inheritance of Acquired Traits.
33.
How did Lyell's views influence Darwin's views on the living world?
a. Lyell suggested that Earth slowly changed over a long period of time. From this
Darwin inferred that perhaps slow changes have also occurred in biological organisms.
b. Lyell theorized that sudden catastrophic changes must have occurred on Earth,
leading to rapid evolutionary changes in organisms on Earth.
c. Darwin deduced from an essay by Lyell that there are limited resources on Earth,
and many individuals die in the struggle to obtain resources.
d. Lyell realized that species can go extinct, which explains the evidence in the fossil
record.
34.
The concept of punctuated equilibrium suggests that:
a. The rate of evolution is constant.
b. Evolution occurs gradually over time.
c. Small genetic changes accumulate over time to allow for changes in phenotype and
speciation.
d. Long periods of little evolutionary change are interrupted by short periods of major
evolutionary change.
35.
Which is an example of a post-zygotic isolating mechanism?
a. Incompatible sexual anatomy.
b. Different mating seasons.
c. Incompatible gametes.
d. Fertilized egg fails to develop normally.
Part B: Definitions
[4]
1. Define the terms natural selection and artificial selection. Provide an example for each.
Write your response in the space provided.
[20]
2. Match the given terms with the appropriate definition.
Term
Aneuploidy
Unsaturated
Fat
Artery
Bacteriophage
Epiglottis
Vein
Turner
Syndrome
Heterozygous
Haploid
Peristalsis
Photosynthesis
Allele
Respiration
Saturated Fat
Down
Syndrome
Sphincter
Adaptation
Variation
Stabilizing
Selection
Disruptive
Selection
Definition
Uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into
glucose.
2. Selects for intermediate phenotypes, and minimizes the
extreme phenotypes in a population.
3. Solid at room temperature with no double bonds between
carbon atoms. Can clog arteries.
4. Describes cells with too few or too many chromosomes.
5. Wave-like muscle contractions that propels food through the
digestive tract.
6. The number of chromosomes in the gametes of an organism.
7. Liberation of energy from glucose in the presence of oxygen as
a result of gas exchange through inhalation and exhalation.
8. Selects for extreme phenotypes in a population, and minimizes
intermediate phenotypes.
9. A ring-shaped muscle that temporarily halts the progress of
material through the alimentary canal.
10. Trisomy 21.
1.
11. Thick-walled vessels that take blood away from the heart.
12. A vessel containing valves, directed blood back to the heart.
13. Liquid at room temperature with one or more double bonds
between carbon atoms. Found in plants, is healthy to eat.
14. A change or mutation that can be passed to offspring that has
become characteristic in a population.
15. Describes an organism with two different alleles for a certain
gene.
16. Body consists of a protein coat around DNA, on a stalk with
legs.
17 A trait for a given gene.
18 Characterized by having only one X-chromosome.
19 A change or mutation in an individuals genetics and physiology
that can be passed to it's offspring.
20 A flap of tissue that moves between the esophagus and the
trachea.
Part C: Diagrams
[20]
Label each structure identified with a number by placing the correct term with the
corresponding number on the Answer Sheet found at the back of the exam.
7
8
9
5
10
6
1. Is the plant cross section
above a root, a shoot or a leaf?
2. Is the plant cross section above
a monocot or a dicot?
3
4. What phase of mitosis is shown
In the diagram to the left?
11
13
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
around
Part D: Short Answer
[4]
3. What occurs during the following stages of mitosis and meiosis? Be specific.
Stage
Prophase I
Description
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
(II)
[5]
4. What occurs to the diaphragm, intercostal muscles, ribcage and the volume and pressure
of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?
Part E: Problem Solving
[6]
2. In pea plants, tallness is dominant to shortness and yellow seeds are dominant to green
seeds. Using a Punnett square, illustrate a cross between a heterozygous tall, green pea
plant and a short, heterozygous yellow pea plant. What are the phenotypic and genotypic
ratios of the offspring. Show all your work.
[4]
3. The ability to roll your tongue is determined by a dominant allele (R). Determine the
genotype for each individual in the pedigree and record this in the following table. If it
cannot be determined whether an individual is homozygous or heterozygous for the
dominant allele, write it as R -.
I
1
II
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
6
III
1
2
3
4
4
7
8
Individual
I
2
I
4
3
4
II
5
6
III
2
3
Genotype
[8]
[6]
4. What are the benefits, risks and ethical issues that must be considered with cloning OR
genetically modified foods produced in monoculture farming. Answer ONE of these issues.
Be as specific as possible. Please use scientific terminology that you learned in this course.
Choose one of the following two questions (5 or 6) to answer:
5. Describe the relationship between adaptive radiation, mass extinction events and
punctuated equilibrium.
6. Today, individual giant pandas and populations of giant pandas are being isolated in many
small reserves in China.
a. What are the genetic implications of having so many small reserves rather than one
large reserve?
b. What could be done to encourage gene flow?