Download Key_Final_Exam_EESC116301_14U

EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
Environmental Issues/Resources
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Name____KEY __________ Eagle #/ SS # _____________
Instructions: Answer the questions with letters to left of Q #. Enjoy the rest of the summer!
PART I. Multiple Choice Place letter of correct choice on line on left. [2 points each]
_A__ 1. Volcanoes formed by hot spots in intraplate settings are of usually this composition:
A.
basalt
B.
andesite
C.
rhyolite
D.
dacite
_D__ 2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The relatively high density, dark-colored rock that makes up oceanic crust:
granite
andesite
rhyolite
basalt
A.
B.
C.
D.
The best location for a sanitary landfill is
above the water table
below the water table
in sandstone
in gravel
A.
B.
C.
D.
Monitoring wells around a sanitary landfill are used to determine
if the water table is declining
if leachate is escaping
if artesian conditions occur
if an aquifer is confined
_A__ 3.
_B__ 4.
_D__ 5. The greatest environmental hazard presented by sanitary landfills is
A.
air pollution
B.
destruction of habitat
C.
natural gas explosions
D.
escape of leachate
_F__ 6. In a pumped storage water system
A.
they pump water from a reservoir into an elevated tank during the day
B.
they pump water from a reservoir into an elevated tank during the night
C.
this system takes advantage of the higher potentiometric surface of the tank
D.
this system takes advantage of the higher potentiometric surface of the aquifer from which they
remove water
E.
A and C
F.
B and C
G.
A and D
_C__ 7.
A.
B.
C.
D.
He/they came up with the idea of hot spots and transform faults
Vine and Matthews
Alexander du Toit
J. Tuzo Wilson
Alfred Wegener
EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
_B__ 8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
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The composition of volcanoes produced by subduction zone processes is:
rhyolite
andesite
basalt
peridotite
_B_ 9. The physical state of rocks within the asthenosphere is closest to?
A.
a buttermilk pancake
B
putty
C.
any rock at the surface
D.
water
_C__ 10.
A.
B
C.
The zone landward of the line of breakers offshore of a beach is:
area where deposition occurs
area where most sediment moves toward the beach
area of the zone of littoral transport
_C_ 11.
A.
B
C.
D.
He formulated the hypothesis of sea-floor spreading
Drummand Matthews
Alfred Wegener
Harry H. Hess
J. Tuzo Wilson
A.
B
C.
D.
The densest rock in this list is
granite
basalt
peridotite
andesite
A.
B
C.
D.
If you partially melt peridotite you get
granite
basalt
peridotite
andesite
A.
B
C.
D.
The composition of the mantle is closest to
granite
basalt
peridotite
andesite
A.
B
C.
D.
Which of these statements is true?
iron-poor minerals crystallize at highest temperatures
silica-poor minerals crystallize at the lowest temperatures
iron-rich minerals crystallize at the highest temperatures
magma with half iron-rich and half iron-poor minerals crystallize at the highest temperatures
A.
B
C.
D.
Jetties are built
parallel to the shoreline
at right angle to the shoreline
in the New York Jets stadium
by volcanic processes
_C_ 12.
_B_ 13.
_C_ 14.
_C_ 15.
_B_ 16.
EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
_B_ 17.
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A.
B
C.
D.
A sea wall is an example of
the soft approach to stabilize the shoreline
the hard approach to stabilize the shoreline
a type of storm surge
a new exhibit at Sea World
A.
B
C.
D.
A sea wall is always built
parallel to the shoreline
at right angle to the shoreline
by incoming strong surf
a guy named Ralph!
A.
B
C.
D.
The class of seismic waves that include P and S waves is
Surface Waves
Body Waves
First Class
Second Class
A.
B
C.
D.
The kinetic energy of an ocean wave is proportional to
the wave height
the square of the wave height
the cube of the wave height
the square of the wavelength
A.
B
C.
D.
Compressive (convergent) Stress
occurs at mid-oceanic ridges
occurs at subduction zones
causes normal faults
causes strike-slip faults
A.
B
C.
D.
Where are rocks most likely to strain in a plastic fashion?
crust
asthenosphere
continental lithosphere
oceanic lithosphere
A.
B
C.
D.
Shearing stress (side-to-side) occurs at
spreading centers
subduction zones
oceanic ridges
transform faults
A.
B
C.
D.
The driving force or mechanism that causes seafloor spreading and continental drift
the Earth’s rotation
circulation of the liquid core
magnetic reversals
convection of the asthenosphere
A.
B
C.
D.
A volcanic island arc (like Hawaiian arc) forms where
oceanic lithosphere is subducted beneath oceanic lithosphere
new oceanic lithosphere forms due to divergence
a mantle hot spot underlies oceanic lithosphere
continental lithosphere converges with continental lithosphere
_A_ 18.
_B_ 19.
_B_ 20.
_B_ 21.
_B_ 22.
_D_ 23.
_D_ 24.
_C_ 25.
EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
_C_ 26.
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A.
B
C.
D.
The Himalaya Mountains are the result of
convergence of two plates of oceanic lithosphere
convergence of continental lithosphere with oceanic lithosphere
convergence of two plates of continental lithosphere
continental rifting
A.
B
C.
D.
The San Andreas Fault is a
convergent plate boundary
transform fault
subduction zone
spreading center
A.
B
C.
D.
The amount of energy released by an earthquake is described as its
magnitude
intensity
duration
the type of damage that occurs
A.
B
C.
D.
If you were building a home in San Francisco, on what type of material would you build in
order to minimize potential earthquake damage?
sand and gravel
bay mud
stream deposits
bedrock
A.
B
C.
D.
Earthquakes occur most often here:
at Hot Spots such as Hawaii
in the interior of plates
at the boundaries between plates
along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
A.
B
C.
D.
Earthquakes originate from the
epicenter
focus
fault scarp
all of the above
A.
B
C.
D.
P-waves are
compressional waves
transverse waves
shear waves
surface waves
A.
B
C.
D.
The time elapsed between the arrivals of P- and S-waves at a seismograph is an indication of the
magnitude
intensity
amount of ground motion
distance between the epicenter and the seismograph
A.
B
C.
D.
Ground shaking in areas with very wet ground can cause
P-waves
tsunami
liquefaction
aftershocks
_B_ 27.
_A_ 28.
_D_ 29.
_C_ 30.
_B_ 31.
_A_ 32.
_D_ 33.
_C_ 34.
EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
__D_ 35.
A.
B
C.
D.
Earthquake intensity
is the same everywhere
increases away from the epicenter
increases away from the focus
decreases away from the epicenter
_C_ 36.
A.
B
C.
D.
Low viscosity lava
forms composite cones
is characteristic of volcanoes along convergent plate boundaries
is basaltic or mafic in composition
all of the above
A.
B
C.
D.
What type of volcano can be expected to erupt explosively?
composite volcano
mid-ocean ridge
shield
fissure basalt eruption
A.
B
C.
D.
Mt. St. Helens is a volcano that occurs
along a transform fault
at a divergent plate boundary
at a convergent plate boundary
above a mantle hot spot
A.
B
C.
D.
Shield volcanoes have
low viscosity lava
high viscosity lava
much explosive activity
rhyolite lava
A.
B
C.
D.
Magma with the greatest capacity to trap gases is
ultramafic
mafic
intermediate
felsic (silicic)
A.
B
C.
D.
Increased seismic activity beneath and within a volcano indicates:
that the volcano is collapsing
that magma is moving and may erupt
that the plate has shifted beneath the volcano
that no eruption is imminent
A.
B
C.
D.
Rhyolite lava
forms shield volcanoes
has high viscosity
is basaltic
all of the above
A.
B
C.
D.
Basaltic volcanoes
only occur at convergent plate boundaries
are found only in Africa
are found only in North America
always form at Hot Spots
_A_ 37.
_C_ 38.
_A_ 39.
_D_ 40.
_B_ 41.
_B_ 42.
_D_ 43.
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EESC116301 Final Exam—July 31, 2014
_A_ 44.
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A.
B
C.
D.
Shield volcanoes are composed of
basaltic lava
andesitic pyroclastics
andesitic lava
rhyolitic pyroclastics
A.
B
C.
D.
The two-year cooling caused by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo resulted from
nuee ardentes
ash and sulfuric acid mist
lahars
coarse pyroclastic debris
A.
B
C.
D.
Silica-rich magmas produce
basaltic lava
mafic rock
low-viscosity lava
more violent eruptions
_B_ 45.
_D_ 46.
_D 47. The magnitude 9.0 March 11, 2011 Tohoku, Japan earthquake was
A.
associated with convergence between the Pacific Plate and the Atlantic Plate
B
associated with divergence between the Pacific Plate and the Atlantic Plate
C.
associated with divergence between the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate
D.
associated with convergence between the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate
_B_ 48.
A.
B
C.
D.
The first event during the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens was
landslide/avalanche of melted glacier ice
a 5.1 magnitude earthquake
the hot pyroclastic surge of 400-620° C, moving at the speed of sound (1,234 km/hour)
the knocking down of all the trees in the area by the initial blast
A.
B
C.
D.
Pyroclastic eruptions on a snow-capped volcano
stop when the melting snow cools the eruption
are physically impossible
can create dangerous lahars
cause the volcanic ash to solidify
A.
B
C.
D.
Lavas were diverted from an Icelandic harbor
by cooling it with sea water
when it flowed over a glacier
by plugging the volcanic vent
because of a large earthquake
_C_ 49.
_A_ 50.