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Chapter 17 - Invertebrates Invertebrate – an animal that does not have a backbone. Vertebrate – an animal that has a backbone Bilateral Symmetry – has one line of symmetry, both sides are exactly the same. Radial Symmetry – has more than one line of symmetry. Asymmetrical – no lines of symmetry. Filter Feeders – take out tiny organisms and oxygen from the water as it passes over the sponge. Flagella – thin, whiplike structures that help move water over the sponge. Tentacles – surround the mouth of some cnidarians. Have stinging cells on the end of them. Polyp – vase shaped body of a cnidarians that is attached to the ground *example – sea urchin and sea anemones Medusa – bell shaped body of a cnidarians that can swim or move *example – jellyfish Parasite – an organism that lives on or in another organism. Depends on that organism to get food and shelter. Host – an organism that a parasite lives on or in. Is harmed by the parasite. Gills – organ that allows a water-dwelling animal to exchange carbon dioxide for dissolved oxygen in the water. Mollusk – soft bodied, bilaterally symmetrical invertebrate with a large, muscular foot, a mantle, and an open circulatory system. Usually has a shell Mantle – thin layer of tissue that covers a mollusk’s body and that can secrete a shell. Radula – scratchy, tonguelike organ in many mollusks that has rows of teethlike projects used to scrape and grate food. Closed Circulatory System – a type of blood circulation system in which blood is transported through blood vessels rather than washing over organs. Open Circulatory System – a type of blood circulation system that lacks blood vessels and in which blood washes over the organs.