Download Energy unit KUD

Force, Motion, & Energy unit KUD
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Big Questions
Where does ‘energy’ come from?
How does energy change from one form to another?
By the end of this unit, students will know, understand, and be able to do the following main
concepts.
Know:
 All objects with mass have energy.
 Potential energy is the state of stored energy or energy of position.
 Kinetic energy is energy in motion or in use.
 Energy and work are expressed in Joules
Vocabulary (define in context and use):
 energy - the ability to do work
 force - a push or a pull- force has an amount and a direction
 work - energy used to move an object
 energy conversion - energy changed from one form to another
 energy efficiency - the amount of useful energy after a conversion compared to the
amount of energy before the conversion. Or The amount of energy that is not getting
wasted.
 friction - a force that tries to stop movement between two obects that are touching
 momentum – the tendency of a moving object to keep moving
 machine - a device that converts energy from one form to another
 Joule – the unit used to measure work and energy

perpetual motion machine (impossible) – a machine that will keep going without ever
having to add energy to it
Types of Energy


mechanical energy

chemical energy

kinetic energy

sound energy

gravitational potential energy

light energy

elastic potential energy

nuclear energy

electrical energy
thermal energy
Understand:

An object’s total energy is the sum of its potential and kinetic energies.

potential energy + Kinetic energy = mechanical energy

An object’s kinetic energy depends on it’s speed and mass

An object’s gravitational potential energy depends on height and weight.

Energy can be transformed from one form to another.

Energy and matter cannot be created or destroyed- they can only be transformed.

Machines transform energy from one form to another.

In any energy transformation, some energy is always transformed into thermal energy.

Perpetual motion is impossible due to friction.

Only light energy and mechanical energy can travel through outer space (outer space is
almost completely empty- no molecules, no atoms, nothing).

Food provides chemical energy for organisms to use.

We use the Joule as the basic unit to measure work and energy.
Do:

Identify an object’s energy as potential or kinetic.

Explain the relationship between energy and work.

Draw models of a pendulum and a roller coaster. Explain where the most potential energy
and the most potential energy would be found.

Create and interpret a model or diagram of energy transformations.

Compute the kinetic energy (force) of an object based on its mass and its speed.

Determine which cereal has more potential energy by performing an energy conversion.

Compute the potential energy of an object based on its height and weight.

Demonstrate how a machine can be an energy converter.

Explain how energy conversions make useful energy.

Explain why perpetual motion is impossible.