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The Heartbeat • What Two Types of Cardiac Cells are Needed for the Heartbeat? • Contractile cells • Provide the pumping action • Cells of the conducting system • Generate and spread the action potential Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heartbeat • What is the Conducting System? • Starts and spreads electrical impulses in heart • Two types of cells • Nodal cells • Pacemaker cells • Reach threshold first • Set heart rate • Conducting cells • Distributes stimuli to myocardium Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heartbeat • What is the Conducting System? (cont’d) • Heart is self-exciting • Pacemaker cells establish heart rate • Normal pacemaker is sinoatrial (SA) node • Impulse spreads from SA node: • Across atria • To atrioventricular (AV) node • To AV bundle and bundle branches • Via Purkinje fibers to ventricles Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Heartbeat • What is the Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)? • A recording of the electrical activity of the heart • Three main components • P wave • Atrial depolarization • QRS complex • Ventricular depolarization • T wave • Ventricular repolarization Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings