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2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%1% % 1. What early king of Rome followed the wise advice given him by the water nymph Egeria, making many reforms to the Roman religion? NUMA (POMPILIUS) B1 What reform did Numa make to the calendar set up by Romulus? ADDED JANUARY & FEBRUARY B2 What temple built by Numa always had its doors kept shut in times of peace? TEMPLE OF JANUS 2. Translate the verb form sunt. THEY ARE B1 Make sunt imperfect. ERANT B2 Make erant future and translate. ERUNT, THEY WILL BE 3. What Athenian hero killed the Minotaur with the help of a Cretan princess? THESEUS B1 Who was the Cretan princess whom Theseus later abandoned on the island of Naxos? ARIADNE B2 What did Ariadne give to Theseus to help him navigate the labyrinth? A BALL OF THREAD/TWINE/STRING 4. Translate the following sentence into English: magnus poēta magister meus est. A GREAT POET IS MY TEACHER / MY TEACHER IS A GREAT POET. B1 Now translate this sentence: Gallia et Hispānia parvae terrae nōn sunt. GAUL AND SPAIN ARE NOT LITTLE/SMALL LANDS. B2 Finally, translate this sentence: tuus dominus ante ientāculum saepe īrātus erat. YOUR MASTER/LORD WAS OFTEN ANGRY BEFORE BREAKFAST. 5. Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from the same Latin root as the others: adjacent, eject, jet, objective ADJACENT B1 From what Latin verb with what meaning is “adjacent” derived? IACEŌ, (IACĒRE)– LIE (DOWN) B2 From what Latin verb with what meaning are all the other words in the toss-up derived? IACIŌ, (IACERE)--THROW/HURL 6. What is the English meaning of the prepositional phrase “in aquam?” INTO THE WATER B1 Now say in Latin, “in the water”. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%1% % IN AQUĀ B2 Name another preposition that can take both the accusative and ablative cases. SUB/SUPER 7. Give the English translation for the motto of Yale University, Lux et Veritas LIGHT AND TRUTH B1 Now try the motto of Connecticut, Qui transtulit sustinet HE WHO TRANSPLANTED SUSTAINS B2 Now try the motto of the United States, E Pluribus Unum. FROM/OUT OF MANY, ONE 8. Who fell to his death when he flew too close to the sun and the wax holding his wings together melted? ICARUS B1 Who flew at the right altitude and managed to escape Crete for Sicily? DAEDALUS B2 Who fell to his death when he couldn’t keep the sun’s chariot at the right altitude and was struck from the sky by Zeus? PHAETON (PHAETHON) 9. At what infamous battle were the Romans humiliatingly defeated by the Samnites in 321 BC? CAUDINE FORKS B1 During which war did this battle take place? 2ND SAMNITE WAR B2 What humiliating act did the Romans have to perform under the watchful eyes of their Samnite enemies? MARCH UNDER THE YOKE (MADE OF SPEARS) 10. What is the meaning of the Latin noun prandium? LUNCH B1 What is the meaning of the Latin noun proelium? BATTLE B2 What is the meaning of the Latin noun praetor? JUDGE/LEADER 11. Give the Latin dative singular of the phrase “large horse.” MAGNŌ EQUŌ B1 Change magno equo to the plural. MAGNĪS EQUĪS B2 Change magnis equis to the genitive. MAGNŌRUM EQUŌRUM 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%1% % 12. The eventual expulsion of the Tarquins was precipitated by what Roman matron’s rape and subsequent suicide? LUCRETIA’S B1 Who had raped Lucretia, causing her to commit suicide to preserve her honor? SEXTUS TARQUINIUS B2 Who was the unfortunate husband of Lucretia, who after the expulsion of the Tarquins became one of the first consuls of Rome along with Brutus? TARQUINIUS COLLATINUS 13. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Olim, sociī paucī ad agrum prope urbem Atlantam advēnērunt. Sociī Sophiam, fīliam Carolīnae, quaerēbant. Dux amīcōrum erat Ricardus. Uxor et fīlius Ricardō erant. Uxor Ricardō erat Laura, et fīlius Ricardō erat Carolus. Where was the farm? NEAR (THE CITY OF) ATLANTA B1 Why have the friends come to the farm? TO SEARCH FOR SOPHIA (DAUGHTER OF CAROL/CAROLINA/CAROLINE) B2 Who is Carolus? THE SON OF RICARDUS/RICHARD/RICK 14. What mythological couple was saved from a flood because, although poor, they gave hospitality to Zeus and Hermes? BAUCIS AND PHILEMON B1 What other couple in Greek mythology was saved from a flood by building a large boat and stocking it with provisions? DEUCALION AND PYRRHA B2 Deucalion’s father advised him to build the boat in the first place. What Titan was Deucalion’s father? PROMETHEUS 15. In what room of a Roman house would one find the compluvium and impluvium? ATRIUM B1 In what room was the arca located? TABLINUM B2 What was the triclinium? DINING ROOM 16. Translate only the verb from the following sentence into Latin: “After this game, son, walk with me to the school.” AMBULĀ 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%1% % B1 Now translate the imperative form in this sentence: “Children, sit in your seats until I return from the bathroom.” SEDĒTE B2 Translate this sentence into Latin, assuming it is directed to only one of your many wretched slaves: “Carry water with the wine.” PORTĀ AQUAM CUM VĪNŌ. 17. What Theban princess was the mother of Dionysus? SEMELE B1 Who was Semele’s father, the founder of Thebes? CADMUS B2 What cousin of Dionysus denied the god’s divinity and was punished by being torn apart by his mother and aunts? PENTHEUS 18. Differentiate in meaning between the Latin nouns lux and lex. LIGHT AND LAW B1 Differentiate in meaning between the Latin nouns nux and nox. NUT AND NIGHT B2 Give the meaning of the Latin word mox. SOON 19. What people sacked Rome circa 390 BC after defeating the Romans at Alia River? (SENONIAN) GAULS B1 Who led the Gauls in sacking Rome? BRENNUS B2 Give in Latin the comment that Brennus made to the defeated Romans when they complained about the amount of ransom they had to pay him. VAE VICTĪS 20. Name one of the two Olympian deities who was born from the body of Zeus. ATHENA/DIONYSUS B1 Name the other. ATHENA/DIONYSUS B2 Now name the respective mothers of these divinities. METIS (ATHENA), SEMELE (DIONYSUS) 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%2% % 1. Clotho the spinner, Lachesis the disposer of lots, and Atropos the cutter are the names of what three mythological sisters who determined the destiny of mortals? FATES/MOIRAE/PARCAE B1 Complete this trio of mythological sisters with the correct name: Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and ___________. THALIA B2 Thalia shares her name with a sister of Calliope. What collective name was given to Calliope, Thalia, and their seven other sisters? MUSES 2. Give the Latin and English for the abbreviation A.M. ANTE MERIDIEM-BEFORE NOON B1 ....for the abbreviation et.al. ET ALII/ALIA-AND OTHERS B2 ...for the abbreviation cf. CONFER-COMPARE 3. What bridge, the first built across the Tiber, was defended against the Etruscans by Horatius Cocles? PŌNS SUBLICIUS B1 Under the reign of what king was this bridge built? ANCUS MARCIUS B2 Which hill on the other side of the Tiber was connected to Rome by the Pōns Sublicius? JANICULUM 4. Translate the following sentence into English: ecce! fīlius Deī hodiē adest! LOOK!/BEHOLD! THE SON OF GOD IS HERE/PRESENT TODAY! B1 Now translate this sentence: cūr timēbāmus fābulās deōrum? WHY WERE WE FEARING/AFRAID OF THE STORIES OF THE GODS (prompt student either to spell and note the position of the apostrophe in the operative word if they answer “....THE GODS’STORIES”)? B2 Finally, translate this sentence: fīliusne Deī vir erit? WILL THE SON OF GOD BE A MAN/HERO? 5. What Greek hero returned home from the Trojan War after ten years of wandering to find his house full of suitors seeking his wife’s hand in marriage? ODYSSEUS/ULYSS ES B1 Who, upon his return from Troy, was murdered by his wife and her lover Aegisthus in a bath? AGAMEMNON B2 Who returned home to Sparta with relatively little trouble, although he first had to capture the shape-shifting sea god Proteus? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%2% % MENELAUS 6. Give a Latin verb meaning “to sit”. SEDEŌ, [SEDERE] B1 Give an antonym of sedeō. STŌ, [STARE] B2 Give a Latin verb meaning “to fly”. VOLŌ, [VOLARE] 7. Who benefitted from the prophetic powers of his wife Tanaquil and became the fifth king of Rome as a result of her interpretation of an omen? TARQUINIUS PRISCUS B1 What omen did she interpret as foretelling Tarquinius Priscus becoming king of Rome? AN EAGLE CAME DOWN FROM THE SKY, TOOK PRISCUS’ HAT, FLEW AROUND THE CITY OF ROME, THEN PUT THE HAT BACK ON PRISCUS’ HEAD B2 What omen did she interpret that allowed Servius Tullius to rise above the ranks of a slave to become the sixth king of Rome? A RING OF FIRE DANCED AROUND SERVIUS’ HEAD [WITHOUT BURNING HIM] 8. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Medicus fundum tenēbat. Medicus animālia curābat. Medicus sociōs remanēre in fundō nōn cupīvit, sed eōs adiuvāre cōnstituit. Familia medicī cum sociīs Sophiam quaerēbant. Sophiam invenīre nōn poterant, et sociī et familia medicī eam mortuam esse putābant. What kind of doctor is the farm owner? ANIMAL DOCTOR/VETERINARIAN B1 How does the doctor feel about having these people on his land? HE DOESN’T WANT THEM TO STAY, BUT AGREES TO HELP THEM B2 What does everyone think has happened to Sophia? SHE IS DEAD 9. Into what did Zeus transform to seduce his wife, Hera? A CUCKOO (BIRD) B1 What daughter of Zeus and Hera was the goddess of youth? HEBE B2 What daughter of Zeus and Hera was the goddess of childbirth? EILEITHYIA 10. From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive the English word “ambulatory”? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%2% % AMBULŌ – WALK B1 What derivative of ambulō means “to sleep-walk”? SOMNAMBULATE / NOCTAMBULATE B2 What does it mean for someone to be somniloquous? SOMEONE WHO TALKS IN HIS/HER SLEEP 11. In what war war between 264 - 241 BC did the Romans launch the first naval fleet? FIRST PUNIC WAR B1 What Latin word meaning “raven” did the Romans use to refer to this boarding device? CORVUS B2 In what battle did the Roman Commander Gaius Duilius successfully debut a new device that practically allowed them to make a sea battle into a land battle? MYLAE 12. Who, with the help of his nephew Iolaus, killed the Lernean Hydra? HERAKLES/ HERCULES B1 What sort of creature helped the Hydra in its fight with Heracles by biting the hero’s ankles? A CRAB B2 How did Iolaus help Heracles defeat the Hydra? BROUGHT TORCHES TO CAUTERIZE THE SEVERED HEADS [TO KEEP THEM FROM GROWING BACK] 13. Where in ancient Rome could all the following be found: carceres, mappa, metae, quadriga, factiones? THE CIRCUS / THE CHARIOT RACE-TRACK / CIRCUS MAXIMUS B1 What were factiones? RACING FACTIONS/COMPANIES B2 How many laps were in a typical roman chariot race? 7 LAPS 14. For the Latin verb clamō, give the 3rd person singular, imperfect, active, indicative. CLAMABAT B1 Change that to the plural? CLAMABANT B2 Change that to the future? CLAMABUNT 15. What is the meaning of the Latin verb moneō? WARN/ADVISE B1 What is the meaning of the Latin verb maneō? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%2% % REMAIN B2 What is the meaning of the Latin verb muniō? STRENGTHEN/FORTIFY/PROTECT 16. Who used a highly polished shield, an indestructible sword, and a cap of invisibility to kill the Gorgon Medusa? PERSEUS B1 Who gave these gifts to Perseus? NYMPHS OF THE NORTH/ATHENA/HERMES B2 Who gave Perseus instructions on how to find the nymphs who would give him the tools to defeat Medusa? GRAIAI/ DEINO, ENYO, AND PEMPHREDO 17. Translate into English the verb form vidēre. TO SEE B1 Translate the form vidēbimus. WE WILL SEE B2 Now give the equivalent form for the Latin verb ducō. DUCEMUS 18. Translate only the prepositional phrase from the following sentence into Latin: “The torrential rains caused the water under the bridge to overflow.” SUB PONTE B1 Now do the same for this sentence: “Faustulus found the twins with the she-wolf.” CUM LUPA B2 Now do the same for this sentence: “Hermes gave Odysseus moly so that Circe would not be able to turn him into a pig.” IN PORCUM 19. What general from Epirus defeated the Romans at the battles of Heraclea and Asculum, but complained that his losses far outweighed his victories? PYRRHUS B1 Where was Pyrrhus finally defeated? BENEVENTUM B2 What novel weapons were first used against the Romans by Pyrrhus, and were famously later used by Hannibal? ELEPHANTS 20. What does the Latin construction “et...et” mean? BOTH...AND B1 Give a meaning for the Latin word ubi. WHERE/WHEN B2 Give another. WHERE/WHEN 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%3% % 1. Translate the following sentence into English: tibi culīna bona semper est. YOU ALWAYS HAVE A GOOD KITCHEN / A GOOD KITCHEN IS ALWAYS TO YOU. B1 Now translate this sentence: ēheu! cēna mala mihi erat. ALAS!/D’OH!/GAAH! MY DINNER WAS BAD. / TO ME WAS AN EVIL DINNER. B2 Finally, translate this sentence: quōt mēnsae trīclīniō sunt? HOW MANY TABLES DOES THE DINING ROOM HAVE? HOW MANY TABLES ARE TO THE DINING ROOM? 2. Who were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne? THE MUSES B1 Who was the muse of tragedy? MELPOMENE B2 Who was the muse of dance? TERPSICHORE 3. Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from sōlus: “solitude”, “soliloquy”, “solvent”, “solo”? SOLVENT B1 From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “solvent”? SOLVŌ – LOOSEN B2 From what Latin noun with what meaning do we derive “insulate”? ĪNSULA – ISLAND 4. Which Roman ruler was a son of the slave woman Ocrisia and became Rome’s sixth king? SERVIUS TULLIUS B1 What pernicious daughter of his ran over his body in the Via Scelerata? TULLIA B2 Name her husband who later became king through their plotting? TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS 5. What two mythological lovers from Babylon ended their lives following a botched rendezvous near the tomb of Ninus? PYRAMUS & THISBE B1 What fruit got its deep purple color from these lovers’ blood? MULBERRY B2 How did these lovers communicate their plans for their meeting? THROUGH A CRACK IN THE WALL 6. Give an antonym of brevis. LONGUS B1 Give an antonym of parvus. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%3% % MAGNUS B2 Give an antonym of malus. BONUS 7. What king of Cures became the co-ruler of Romulus after the Romans and the Sabines reconciled their differences? TITUS TATIUS B1 Why did Titus Tatius lead his men to attack Rome? TO GET THEIR WOMEN BACK B2 Titus Tatius was the father-in-law of which subsequent king of Rome? NUMA POMPILIUS 8. What use of the ablative is found in the sentence, “ambulabam ad forum cum amicō meō”? ACCOMPANIMENT B1 What use of the ablative is found in the sentence, “magister puerum baculō verberat”? MEANS/INSTRUMENT B2 What use of the ablative is found in the sentence, “magnō cum studiō discipulus studēbit”? MANNER 9. Who visited the Underworld with the help of the Cumaean Sibyl? AENEAS B1 What item did Aeneas have to obtain in order to go into the Underworld? THE GOLDEN BOUGH B2 Why did Aeneas have to visit the Underworld? HE HAD TO CONSULT THE SHADE OF ANCHISES 10. What Latin phrase means “a slip of the tongue?” LAPSUS LINGUAE B1 What Latin phrase means “a slip of the pen?” LAPSUS CALAMI B2 What Latin phrase means “let the buyer beware?” CAVEAT EMPTOR 11. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Laura fīlium suum valdē curābat et eum salvum esse cupiēbat. “Remanē in casā, Carole,” Laura dīxit. Sed Carolus, quī duodecim annōs habēbat, matrī nōn paruit. Per agrōs sine sociīs errāre mālēbat potius quam in casā remanēre. Quōdam diē, Carolus virum in lutō invēnit. Quōmodō Laura fīlium salvum conservāre temptāvit? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%3% % BY TELLING HIM TO REMAIN IN THE HOUSE B1 Quantōs annōs Carolus habet? 12 B2 Quid Carolus agere amābat? WANDERING (ALONE/WITHOUT FRIENDS) THROUGH THE FIELDS 12. After what terrible loss at sea against the Carthaginians in 249 BC was the losing Roman general recalled to Rome for incompetence and impiety for disregarding the omens? DREPANA/DREPANUM B1 Name this blasphemous general. (Appius) CLAUDIUS PULCHER B2 What bad omen had Claudius Pulcher ignored? THE SACRED CHICKENS WOULDN’T EAT 13. Translate only the adverb from the following sentence into Latin: “For an hour, my parents yelled at me in the atrium angrily.” ĪRĀTĒ B1 Now translate both adverbs in this sentence: “I took it well and immediately stifled the urge to run to my room and cry.” BENE, STATIM B2 Given that the first declension noun īra, -ae, f. means “anger,” translate the adverb from this sentence into Latin using a noun-adjective phrase instead: “Nevertheless, I went to bed very angrily and awoke the next morning with a headache.” MAGNĀ (CUM) ĪRĀ (N.B. the preposition, if used, must come between the adjective and noun in an ablative of manner phrase) 14. What Nereid was the wife of Poseidon? AMPHITRITE B1 What merman was the son of Poseidon and Amphitrite? TRITON B2 What object did Amphitrite give Theseus to prove the hero’s relation to Poseidon? WREATH/CROWN 15. What is the meaning of the Latin noun mare? OCEAN B1 What is the meaning of the Latin noun flumen? RIVER B2 Give a synonym of flumen. RIVUS 16. For the verb video, videre, give the second person singular, perfect, active indicative. VIDISTI B1 Change that to the future tense. VIDĒBIS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round%3% % B2 Change that to the plural. VIDĒBITIS 17. What Roman woman let the Sabines onto the Capitoline hill before being killed and thrown off a famous rock that took her name? TARPEIA B1 What did Tarpeia want from the Sabines in exchange for letting them in? THEIR GOLD BRACELETS/ARMBANDS B2 How did the Sabines interpret her request? THEY CRUSHED HER TO DEATH WITH THEIR SHIELDS (WHICH WERE ALSO ON THEIR ARMS) 18. Give the genitive plural of the phrase “leō ferox”. LEONUM FEROCIUM B1 Complete the following analogy: aves pulchras : avem pulchram :: maria pulchra : ____________. MARE PULCHRUM B2 Complete the following analogy: bonus vir : bonorum virorum :: maesta canis : ____________. MAESTARUM CANUM 19. What was the name for the amulet worn by Roman children to ward off evil spirits? BULLA (AUREA) th B1 During what festival on the 17 of March would a Roman boy stop wearing his bulla? LIBERALIA B2 Give the Latin term for the rattle given to Roman children. CREPUNDIA 20. Who boasted that she and her daughter were more beautiful than the sea nymphs, which led to her country being attacked by a sea monster? CASSIOPEIA B1 Who was Cassiopeia’s daughter, who was chained to a rock as a sacrifice for the monster? ANDROMEDA B2 Who was Cassiopeia’s husband and Andromeda’s father? CEPHEUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Semifinal%Round% % 1. Translate the motto of Brown University, in deo speramus. IN GOD WE TRUST (HOPE) B1 Translate the motto of Columbia University, in lumine tuo videbimus lumen. IN YOUR LIGHT WE SHALL SEE LIGHT B2 Translate the motto of Johns Hopkins University, veritas vos liberabit. THE TRUTH WILL SET YOU FREE 2. What early Republican hero, with the approval of the Roman senate, slipped into the tent of Lars Porsenna in an attempt to assassinate him? (C. MUCIUS) SCAEVOLA B1 When caught, Scaevola impressed Lars Porsenna by performing what self-mutilating act? HE THRUST HIS RIGHT HAND INTO FIRE B2 Of what Etruscan city-state was Lars Porsenna the king? CLUSIUM 3. Give the correct form of the adjective plānus to agree with the noun form regibus? PLANĪS B1 Change planīs regibus to the genitive? PLANŌRUM REGUM B2 Change that phrase to the singular? PLANĪ REGIS 4. Who’s death was accidentally brought about by his wife when she smeared poisonous blood on his tunic? HERAKLES (HERCULES) B1 Whose was the poisonous blood? NESSUS’ B2 Deianeira did not know that the blood was poisonous. What did she think the blood was? A LOVE CHARM 5. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in LATIN the questions that follow. Vir in lutō erat mortuus. Carolus saxa ad virum mortuum iaciēbat. Vir mortuus ē lutō sē līberāvit. Mortuus ambulābat! Carolus attonitus fūgit. Carolus cecidit, et mortuus puerum mordēre temptāvit. Laura casam circumspectāvit, sed filium suum nōn vīdit. “Ubi est Carolus?” Laura ā Carolīnā anxiē rogāvit. “Nōn est in casā!” Carolīna respondit. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Semifinal%Round% % What was Carolus doing to the dead man? (CAROLUS) SAXA IACIEBAT (AD VIRUM MORTUUM) B1 What surprised Carolus about the dead man? (MORTUUS) AMBULĀVIT/MORTUUS Ē LUTŌ SĒ LĪBERĀVIT B2 Why was Laura anxious? CAROLUS IN CASĀ NŌN ERAT/EA FĪLIUM (SUUM) NŌN VĪDIT 6. Translate the following sentence into English: subitō avis dē caelō ad mare volat. SUDDENLY, THE BIRD FLIES (DOWN) FROM THE SKY TO THE SEA. B1 Now translate this sentence: avis celer cum pisce mox ē aquīs surgit. THE SWIFT/FAST BIRD SOON RISES FROM THE WATER(S) WITH A FISH. B2 Finally, translate this sentence: avis tandem in saxō prope aquās piscem mortuum cōnsūmēbat. FINALLY/AT LAST, THE BIRD ATE/WAS EATING THE DEAD FISH ON A ROCK NEAR THE WATER(S). 7. Who killed the Calydonian Boar? MELEAGER B1 What huntress drew first blood? ATALANTA B2 Meleager was killed by his mother, Althea. How did she kill him? SHE THREW THE LOG WHICH DETERMINED HIS LIFESPAN INTO A FIRE 8. Which king of Rome defeated the Alba Longans and razed their city to the ground after their treacherous general betrayed the Romans? TULLUS HOSTILIUS B1 Who was this Alban general who incited the people of Fidenae and Veii to attack the Romans? METTIUS FUFETIUS B2 What was the fate of Mettius Fufetius? HE WAS TIED TO TWO CHARIOTS AND PULLED APART (* DO NOT ACCEPT “DRAWN AND QUARTERED”) 9. Regina viarum was another name for what major road, which ran from Rome to Brundisium? VIA APPIA/ APPIAN WAY B1 Translate regina viarum QUEEN OF ROADS B2 Name the Roman censor who constructed the Via Appia in 312 BC. APPIUS CLAUDIUS CAECUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Semifinal%Round% % 10. Which of the following does not belong by meaning? soror, agricola, pater, filius AGRICOLA B1 Which of the following does not belong by meaning? aper, equus, homo, canis HOMO B2 Which of the following does not belong by meaning? domus, oculus, pēs, bracchium DOMUS 11. Complete the following analogy: vocō:vocabit::mittō:___ MITTET B1 Complete the following analogy: vocō:vocā::mittō:____ MĪTTE B2 Complete the following analogy: vocō:vocābas::mittō:____ MITTĒBAS 12. How many tables of laws did the Decemvirī tabulate? TWELVE B1 Please give the Latin term for the eventual set of laws that was produced by both commissions of the Decemvirī. DUODECIM TABULAE B2 The attempted rape of what woman by Appius Claudius led to the eventual resignation of the Decemvirī? VERGINIA 13. Translate the following sentence into Latin: “Call your wife tomorrow, my friend.” CRĀS, MĪ AMĪCE, VOCĀ TUAM UXŌREM. B1 Now translate this sentence: “Be quiet, Appius, I called my woman yesterday.” TACĒ, APPĪ, HERĪ (EGO) VOCĀVĪ MEAM FĒMINAM. B2 Finally, translate this sentence: “Look at the man’s eyes! Slaves, beat my lazy friend.” SPECTĀTE OCULŌS HOMINIS/VIRĪ! PULSĀTE/VERBERĀTE, SERVĪ, MEUM AMĪCUM IGNĀVUM. 14. Counting the Kyklopes, Hekatonkheires, and all the Titans, how many children did Gaia and Uranus have together? 18 B1 How many of these were female? 6 B2 Who was the youngest of these 18 children? KRONOS 15. Complete this analogy: bellum:Mars::amor:____ VENUS/CUPID B2 Complete the following analogy: dux:ducō::nauta:____ NAVIGŌ 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Semifinal%Round% % B1 Now complete this analogy: trēs:tertius::quinque:____ QUINTUS 16. At what tragic battle of 216 BC were the Romans demolished by Hannibal in one of their worst defeats in history? CANNAE B1 At what battle the year before was the rash consul Flaminius defeated and killed by Hannibal’s forces in Northern Italy? LAKE TRASIMENE B2 At what battle the year before Lake Trasimene was Tiberius Sempronius Longus defeated after not listening to the advice of Scipio? TREBIA RIVER 17. What Roman deity was said to have ruled Italy during its Golden Age and is often equated with the Greek Titan Cronos? SATURN B1 What Roman god, equated with Pan, was Saturn’s grandson? FAUNUS B2 What Roman god of war was originally an agricultural deity? MARS 18. Translate the personal pronoun in the following sentence into Latin: “I quickly ran after those women.” EGO B1 Now translate the personal pronoun in this sentence: “Jason saw you in the forum.” TĒ B2 Now translate the personal pronoun in this sentence: “Who are we?” NŌS 19. From what Latin noun with what meaning do we derive “capital”? CAPUT – HEAD B1 … “cabbage”? CAPUT – HEAD B2 From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “enchant”? CANŌ/CANTŌ – SING 20. For which labor did Athena help Hercules by giving him a bronze rattle? 6TH/ STYMPHALIAN BIRDS B1 Atlas helped Hercules perform which labor? 11TH/ APPLES OF THE HESPERIDES B2 Helios helped Hercules by giving him a golden cup on which labor? 10TH/ CATTLE OF GERYON 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Final%Round% % 1. What Roman general led them to victory against a rival city but later defected to that city after a dispute and fought against the Romans? CORIOLANUS B1 What city did Coriolanus defect to? VEII B2 Who convinced Coriolanus to desist before conquering Rome? HIS MOTHER AND SISTER 2. Quid Anglicē significat “iter”? JOURNEY B1 Quid Anglicē significat “auris”? EAR B2 Quid Anglicē significat “opus”? WORK 3. What ill-fated king of Thebes cursed his sons Polyneices and Eteocles to kill each other fighting over his throne? OEDIPUS B1 How many armies did Polyneices, trying to take the throne from Eteocles, and his allies lead against Thebes? SEVEN B2 Who in defiance of a royal decree gave her brother Polyneices burial rites? ANTIGONE 4. Say in Latin, “the prepared dinner.” CĒNA PARĀTA B1 Say in Latin, “the beloved queen.” REGĪNA AMĀTA B2 Say in Latin, “the written song.” CARMEN SCRIPTUM 5. Give the Latin and English for the abbreviation Rx. RECIPE-TAKE B1 Give the Latin and English for the abbreviation gtt. GUTTAE - DROPS B2 How often should you take a medicine labeled q.i.d.? FOUR TIMES A DAY 6. Translate the personal pronoun in the following sentence: “Julia never sent us the message.” NOBĪS B1 Make nobīs second person. VOBĪS B2 Change vobīs to the singular. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Final%Round% % TIBI 7. What action did the plebeians perform several times throughout Roman history to exercise leverage over the patricians? The first one occurred in 494 BC. SECESSION (OF THE PLEBEIANS) B1 To where did the plebeians secede in 494 BC? AVENTINE / MŌNS SACER B2 Who was able to convince the plebeians to return to the city with the parable of the “belly and the limbs”? MENENIUS AGRIPPA 8. Who was the young man who was the only member of Odysseus’ crew to die on Circe’s island? ELPENOR B1 How did Elpenor die? FELL OFF THE ROOF OF CIRCE’S HOUSE B2 Odysseus saw Elpenor’s shade when he went to the Underworld. What did the shade ask of Odysseus? TO HAVE HIS BODY BURIED 9. What was the Roman ientaculum? BREAKFAST B1 What was cena? DINNER B2 What did the Romans call dessert? SECUNDA MENSA 10. Of the words “iridescent,” “tantalize,” “herculean,” “lethargic,” and “narcissism,” which is derived from the name of the Greek goddess of the rainbow who served as a messenger for the Olympians? IRIDESCENT B1 Which of the words in the toss-up is derived from the name of the hero who killed the Nemean Lion? HERCULEAN B2 Which two of the words in the toss-up are derived from the name of people or places one would find in the underworld? TANTALIZE & LETHARGIC 11. What is the meaning of the Latin noun from which we derive: “deracinate”, “radical”, and “radish”? “ROOT” B1 What derivative of rādīx means “to uproot; to completely destroy” ERADICATE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Final%Round% % B2 Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from the same Latin root as the others: “rapture”, “ravine”, “ravenous”, “rapids” NONE OF THEM (THEY ARE ALL FROM RAPIŌ) 12. Circa 458 BC, this man defeated Gracchus Clelius, the leader of the Aequi, in order to save an entrapped Roman army. To accomplish this, he was elected dictator, even though he prefered to remain on his farm. CINCINNATUS B1 Name the site of the battle where the Roman army had been trapped. MT. ALGIDUS B2 Name the Roman leader who was trapped on Mt. Algidus. MINUCIUS 13. You’re driving down the highway with your friend from Ancient Rome, with the radio on. What recently popular song would your friend refer to as “Quid dicit vulpēs”? WHAT DOES THE FOX SAY B1 What song would he call “Lineae Confusae”? BLURRED LINES B2 What about the song “Nōn possumus dēsistere”? WE CAN’T STOP 14. Which of Zeus’ lovers was eventually worshipped in Egypt as the goddess Isis, after spending quite some time as a white cow? IO B1 What did the jealous Hera send to torment and chase Io (in cow form) from Greece to Egypt? A GADFLY B2 Who was Io’s son by Zeus? EPAPHUS 15. What response is expected by Marcus if he asks Julius, “Nonne ambulābis cras ad forum?” YES/AFFIRMATIVE RESPONSE B1 How would Marcus reword his question if he were expecting Julius to answer with a “no”? REPLACE NONNE WITH A NUM B2 Reword Marcus’s question so that it expects either a yes or a no. AMBULABISNE CRAS AD FORUM 16. Translate the following sentence into Latin: “The student was not able to teach himself.” DISCIPULUS NŌN SĒ DOCĒRE POTERAT/POTUIT. B1 Now translate this sentence: “How will you be able to teach us?” QUŌMODO POTERIS NŌS DOCĒRE? B2 Finally, translate this sentence: “They also ought to teach themselves.” DOCĒRE SĒ QUOQUE DĒBENT. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Final%Round% % 17. At what battle did Masinissa command Scipio’s calvary and helped the Romans to a decisive victory over Hannibal in 202 BC? ZAMA B1 What Numidian fought against Masinissa and the Romans? SYPHAX B2 What woman caused the animosity between Masinissa and Syphax? SOPHONISBA 18. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. In fundō, Ricardus et aliī horreum clausum invēnērunt. In horreō, sonōs magnōs sīcut fremitūs animālium audīvērunt. Per fenestram, Ricardus multōs hominēs vīdit. Hominēs erant mortuī, sed in horreō ambulābant et dentēs molēbant. “Ambulantēs Mortuī!” Ricardus clāmāvit. Mortuī ambulantēs Ricardum spectāvērunt et ad iānuam ruērunt. Mortuī ex iānuā ērūpērunt. Sociī arma rapuērunt et mortuōs ambulantēs necāre coepērunt. Ricardus lacrimāvit. Eheu! Una ex mortuīs ambulantibus erat Sophia. Quid Ricardus et aliī in horreō audīvērunt? LOUD SOUNDS/SOUNDS LIKE (THE ROARS OF) ANIMALS B1 Quid Ricardus hominēs in horreō appelāvit? WALKING DEAD/WALKERS/ZOMBIES B2 Cūr Ricardus lacrimāvit? SOPHIA WAS A ZOMBIE/THEY HAD TO KILL SOPHIA 19. Who was tried on the Areopagus for the murder of his mother, Clytemnestra? ORESTES B1 What group of goddesses served as the prosecution? THE FURIES B2 What god served as the defense? APOLLO 20. Translate into English the following sentence with which an ancient Roman mafia don might have threatened a rival: Dormies cum piscibus. YOU WILL SLEEP WITH THE FISHES B1 Now translate the famous line: “Dic ‘Salve’ ad meum amicum parvum” SAY HELLO TO MY LITTLE FRIEND B2 Finally, translate this Godfather quote: “Cede pistolium; cape cannolōs.” LEAVE THE GUN; TAKE THE CANNOLI 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%1% % 1. What elderly senator succeeded Domitian as emperor in 96 A.D.? NERVA B1 Give the name of the mistress of the Praetorian Prefect who led the conspiracy to assassinate Domitian. DOMITIA B2 What palace servant stabbed Domitian? STEPHANUS 2. What fisherman found and cared for Danaë and the infant Perseus? DICTYS B1 Name Dictys’s cruel brother. POLYDECTES B2 On what island did Dictys and Polydectes live? SERIPHOS 3. For the verb tollō, tollere give the 2nd person plural, imperfect, passive, indicative. TOLLĒBĀMINĪ st B1 Make tollēbāminī 1 person. TOLLĒBĀMUR B2 Make tollēbāmur perfect. SUBLĀTĪ/-AE/-A SUMUS 4. What is the meaning of the Latin adjective melior? BETTER B1 Give an antonym of melior? PEIOR B2 Give the superlative form of peior? PESSIMUS 5. The Greek chieftains Phoenix, Ajax the Greater, and Odysseus were assembled to appease what warrior and convince him to rejoin the war against the Trojans? ACHILLES B1 Who had organized this embassy after stealing Achilles’ concubine and evoking his anger? AGAMEMNON B2 What was the name of this concubine from Lyrnessus whom Agamemnon had stolen to replace his own? BRISEÏS 6. Translate the following sentence into English: hortus cotīdiē ab animālibus rūsticīs vīsitābātur. THE GARDEN WAS (BEING) VISITED BY RUSTIC ANIMALS EVERY DAY. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%1% % B1 Now translate this sentence: herba ā nōn solum leporibus sed etiam bovibus consumpta est. THE GRASS WAS/HAS BEEN EATEN NOT ONLY BY RABBITS BUT ALSO BY COWS/HEIFERS. B2 Restate the sentence posteā agricola dēfessus leporēs gladiō interfēcit in Latin by changing the verb to the passive voice yet keeping the overall meaning the same. POSTEĀ AB AGRICOLĀ DĒFESSŌ LEPORĒS GLADIŌ INTERFECTĪ SUNT. 7. Give the Latin and English for the motto of Dartmouth College. VOX CLAMANTIS IN DĒSERTŌ – THE VOICE OF ONE CRYING IN THE WILDERNESS B1 Give the Latin and English for the motto of the University of Missouri, the same motto of the state of Missouri. SALUS POPULĪ – THE WELFARE OF THE PEOPLE B2 Give the English translation for the motto of Hunter College, mihi cura futuri. MY ANXIETY/CARE/CONCERN IS FOR THE FUTURE 8. Into what type of creature was Io, the daughter of Inachus, transformed? COW B1 Why did Zeus change Io into a cow? TO HIDE HER FROM HERA B2 What child did Io conceive to Zeus and later give birth to on the banks of the Nile River? EPAPHUS 9. The battles of Ilerda, Thapsus, Zela, and Munda were all victories of what Roman general? JULIUS CAESAR B1 After which of those battles did Caesar famously say venī, vīdī, vīcī? ZELA B2 In what province did the battle of Ilerda take place? SPAIN / HISPANIA 10. Make the phrase audax dea dative singular. AUDĀCĪ DEAE B1 Make audācī deae plural. AUDĀCIBUS DEĀBUS B2 Make audācibus deābus genitive. AUDĀCIUM DEĀRUM 11. What king of Rome fled to Caere after his expulsion from the city in 510 B.C.? TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS B1 What king of Clusium attempted to restore Tarquinius Superbus as king of Rome? LARS PORSENNA B2 At what battle of 496 B.C. did Tarquinius Superbus ally with the Latin League against Rome? LAKE REGILLUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%1% % 12. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in LATIN the questions that follow. Quōdam diē, magna manus ad fundum appropinquābant. Ricardus et Laura et Carolus et aliī sociī manum, qui mortuōrum plēnus erat, pugnābant. Horreum subitō ūrī coepit, et mox ingēns ignis per fundum pervādēbat. Ad vehiculam sociī ruēbant, sed nōn omnēs effūgērunt. Andrea, quae ā mortuīs ambulantibus circumdata erat, relinquēbātur. What was the band of attackers full of? MORTUORUM B1 What happened to the barn? COEPIT ŪRĪ/USSIT B2 Why was Andrea left behind? CIRCUMDATA ERAT Ā MORTUĪS (AMBULANTIBUS) 13. What two substances, usually feasted upon by gods, were sometimes used to preserve the bodies of deceased mortals from decay? NECTAR & AMBROSIA B1 What son of Zeus, killed by Patroclus, had his body preserved in this manner? SARPEDON B2 In what unusual manner did Zeus lament the death of Sarpedon before asking Apollo to preserve the body and prepare it for burial? CAUSED THE SKY TO RAIN BLOOD 14. Give a synonym for proelium? PUGNA/BELLUM B1 Give an antonym for ducō? SEQUŌR B2 Give an antonym for iuvenis? SENEX 15. For the verb pateō, patēre give the perfect active infinitive. PATUĪSSE B1 Do the same for the verb tango, tangere. TETIGISSE B2 Now make tetigisse passive. TĀCTUS/-A/-UM ESSE 16. What purple and gold garment would be worn by a general in a triumphal procession? TOGA PICTA B1 What type of toga was worn by people in mourning? TOGA PULLA B2 What Latin term describes Romans wearing the toga pulla? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%1% % SORDIDATI 17. From what Latin word with what meaning do we derive “suave”? SUĀVIS – SOFT, SMOOTH B1 What derivative of suāvis means “to mitigate or relieve; to soothe”? ASSUAGE B2 From what related Latin verb do we derive the English verb “dissuade”? SUADEŌ – PERSUADE 18. Who ventured to Thrace, Crete, Carthage, and Sicily in his quest to find a new home in Italy after fleeing from Troy? AENEAS B1 With what queen did Aeneas engage in a pseudo-marriage while at Carthage? DIDO B2 What king entertained Aeneas and his followers on Sicily and hosted elaborate funeral games for Anchises? ACESTES 19. Translate into Latin the following sentence: “Do we have enough food in camp?” HABĒMUSNE SATIS CIBĪ IN CASTRĪS? B1 Translate into Latin, without using a partitive genitive, “Yes, but we have no allies.” ITA (VERŌ)/SĪC/CERTUM EST, SED NŪLLŌS SOCIŌS HABĒMUS. B2 Now translate this sentence into Latin: “We can try to frighten five of the guards with our shouts.” POSSUMUS TEMPTĀRE NOSTRĪS CLĀMŌRIBUS QUĪNQUE Ē CUSTŌDIBUS (PER)TERRĒRE. (N.B. do not accept QUĪNQUE CUSTŌDĒS, which is “five guards” but not “five of the guards) 20. Which emperor of Rome had influential freedman named Pallas, Callistus, and Narcissus? CLAUDIUS B1 Which of Claudius' wives was the mother of his son Britannicus? (VALERIA) MESSALINA B2 With what type of food was Claudius poisoned? MUSHROOMS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%2% % 1. At a Roman slave auction, what was the name for the scroll that hung around a slave’s neck for identification? TITULUS B1 What indicated that a slave had been imported? CHALK ON THE FEET B2 When would a slave start wearing a pilleus? WHEN HE WAS FREED/MANUMITTED 2. Zeus made the night three times as long as usual in order to seduce what Theban woman who became the mother of Herakles? ALCMENE B1 What goddess, sent by her mother Hera, tried to prevent the birth of Heracles by sitting outside Alcmene’s room during the delivery with her arms and legs crossed? EILEITHYIA B2 What servant of Alcmene tricked Eileithyia into standing up, breaking her spell and allowing the birth of Heracles, although she herself was changed into a weasel for this offence? GALANTHIS / HISTORIS 3. What disastrous Roman defeat in 105 BC, called a dies ater, prompted the election of Marius to five consecutive consulships? ARAUSIO B1 What two tribes were victorious over the Romans at Arausio? CIMBRI & TEUTONES B2 At what two subsequent battles did Marius defeat these tribes? VERCELLAE & AQUAE SEXTIAE 4. Give the Latin verb and its meaning from which we derive “destroy”, “misconstrue”, “instructive”, and “structure”. STRUŌ, (STRUERE, STRŪXĪ, STRŪCTUM) – BUILD/ARRANGE B1 … “influenza”, “reflux” and “fluxion”. FLUŌ, (FLUERE, FLŪXĪ, FLŪCTUM) – FLOW B2 … “inflection”, “reflex” and “genuflect”. FLECTŌ, (FLECTERE, FLĒXĪ, FLEXUS) – BEND 5. Quid Anglicē significat “lītus”? SHORE B1 Quid Anglicē significat “calx”? HEEL/CHALK/STONE/PEBBLE B2 Quid Anglicē significat “arena”? SAND 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%2% % 6. What deity spent much of his time in his palace off the shore of Aegae, and could be seen driving his two horse chariot through the realm of the Titan Oceanus? POSEIDON/NEPTU NE B1 What daughter of Nereus was convinced by a dolphin to marry Poseidon? AMPHITRITE B2 Name any of the three children Amphitrite bore to Poseidon. TRITON / RHODE / BENTHESICYME 7. For the phrase hic nauta, give the nominative plural. HĪ NAUTAE B1 Make hī nautae dative. HĪS NAUTĪS B2 Make hīs nautīs accusative singular. HUNC NAUTAM 8. Which of the Five Good Emperors built a lavish villa at Tivoli? HADRIAN B1 What structure in the Campus Martius, originally built by Marcus Agrippa, did Hadrian re-design by adding a dome? PANTHEON B2 Hadrian, like his cousin and predecessor Trajan, was born in what Spanish city? ITALICA 9. Translate only the adjective from the following sentence into Latin: “I have never seen a woman more beautiful than Venus herself.” PULCHRIŌREM / FORMŌSIŌREM / BELLIŌREM B1 Translate this sentence into English: Vulcānus multō tardior quam Mercūrius erat. VULCAN WAS MUCH SLOWER/LATER THAN MERCURY. B2 Now, translate “Is Mars luckier than Vulcan?” using only four words. MĀRSNE VULCĀNŌ FĒLICIOR EST? / ESTNE MĀRS FĒLICIOR VULCĀNŌ? 10. Give a Latin word meaning “to join”. IUNGŌ B1 Give a Latin word meaning “perhaps”. FORTASSE/FORS(IT)AN B2 Give a Latin word meaning “surrender”. TRADŌ, DEDŌ 11. Complete this well-known Latin phrase: ab ovō __________. USQUE AD MALA B1 …: Verbum sat __________. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%2% % SAPIENTĪ B2 …: Dē mortuīs __________. NIL NISI BONUM 12. What group, whose name means "the sons of Mars," inadvertently caused the outbreak of the First Punic War by appealing for assistance to both Carthage and Rome? MAMERTINES B1 In what city did the Mamertines live? MESSANA B2 What king of Syracuse attacked Messana, prompting the Mamertines to appeal for help? HIERO (II) 13. Using a third declension noun, say in Latin “that song”. ILLUD CARMEN B1 Change that phrase to the accusative plural. ILLA CARMINA B2 Change that form to the genitive. ILLŌRUM CARMINUM 14. In Book 6 of the Metamorphoses who depicts scenes such as Neptune’s seduction of Medusa and other crimes of the gods in a tapestry she weaves during her contest against Minerva? ARACHNE B1 Contrary to Arachne’s depictions of the scandalous nature of the gods, what theme did Minerva put forth with her tapestry? MORTALS WHO CHALLENGED THE GODS B2 After losing the contest, how was Arachne punished for challenging the goddess? CHANGED INTO A SPIDER 15. Give the 3rd person singular, future, passive indicative of iubeō, iubēre IUBĒBITUR B1 Give the same form for the verb capiō, capere. CAPIĒTUR B2 Make capiētur pluperfect and active. CĒPERAT 16. Who defeated his two rivals, Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus, to become emperor in 193 A.D.? SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS B1 Where in the East did Severus defeat Niger in 194 A.D.? ISSUS B2 Where in modern France did Severus defeat Albinus in 197 A.D.? LYONS / LUGDUNUM 17. Translate the following sentence into Latin: “Don’t trust yourself.” NŌLĪ TIBI CRĒDERE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%2% % B1 Choose the correct verb out of caedō, noceō, and vituperō, and give the correct form of the verb to complete this Latin sentence: parentēs numquam suīs līberīs ______ dēbent. NOCĒRE B2 Translate this sentence into Latin: “You had once been rather similar to me.” (TŪ) QUONDAM/ŌLIM FUERĀS SIMILIOR MIHI. 18. What pair of Argonauts were killed by Herakles because they convinced Jason to sail on while Herakles was searching for one of his companions? ZETES AND CALAIS B1 Name that companion. HYLAS B2 What supernatural ability was possessed by Zetes and Calais? FLIGHT/THEY HAD WINGS 19. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Sociī, petentēs locum salvum, multōs diēs errābant. Post multās noctēs in viā, carcerem invēnērunt. Laura, quod gravida erat et domum prō īnfante cupiēbat, Ricardum ut in carcere habitārent hortāta est. Ricardus et aliī in carcerem intrāvit et hostēs quaesivit. In culīnā, Ricardus cibum et aliās cōpiās repperit. Repperit quoque quattuor hominēs. What does the group find while traveling? A PRISON B1 What does Laura encourage Ricardus to let them do? LIVE IN THE PRISON B2 Why does Laura want to live in the prison? SHE’S PREGNANT/WANTS A HOME FOR HER BABY 20. What two brothers, one a horse tamer the other a skilled boxer, became guardians of sailors and spent alternating days on Olympus and in Hades after one was killed with a spear? CASTOR & POLLUX / DIOSCURI B1 What mortal, after killing Castor with a spear, was struck down by Zeus’ thunderbolt? IDAS B2 What sister of the Dioscuri was rescued by them when she at a young age was kidnapped by Theseus? HELEN 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%3% % 1. According to Aeschylus what three sisters were partly shaped like swans and possessed one eye and tooth which they shared with one another? GRAEAE B1 Who stole their eye and withheld it until they gave him information he requested? PERSEUS B2 The Graeae told Perseus where to find the nymphs who would give him the three items he needed for his quest to slay Medusa. Identify two of these items. LARGE WALLET / POUCH (KIBISIS); WINGED SANDALS; CAP OF DARKNESS/INVISIBILITY 2. Using the demonstrative adjective hic, translate the following sentence into Latin: “We don’t want to drink this water.” NŌN CUPIMUS/VOLŪMUS HANC AQUAM BIBERE. B1 Using the demonstrative adjective hic, translate the following sentence into Latin: “The water of this sea is not suitable for me to drink.” AQUA HUIUS MARIS IDŌNEA MIHI BIBERE NŌN EST. B2 Now translate this sentence into Latin using only three words, including the demonstrative pronoun hic: “Nothing is pleasing to this one.” NIHIL HUIC PLACET. 3. Give the 1st person plural, perfect, active, indicative of possum, posse. POTUIMUS B1 Make potuimus imperfect. POTERĀMUS B2 Make poterāmus future perfect. POTUERIMUS 4. Who was authorized by the Lex Gabinia to clear the Mediterranean Sea of pirates in 67 B.C.? POMPEY B1 How long did it take Pompey to defeat the pirates? THREE MONTHS B2 What law of the next year gave Pompey command against Mithridates? LEX MANILIA 5. Who killed his uncles Toxeus & Plexippus for attempting to claim the hide of the Calydonian boar which he had given to Atalanta? MELEAGER B1 How did Meleager’s mother Althaea avenge the murder of her brothers? THREW THE PIECE OF WOOD THAT DETERMINED HIS LIFESPAN ON THE FIRE (PROMPT ON “KILLED HIM”) B2 According to Ovid, into what were Meleager’s sisters transformed as they grieved him? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%3% % GUINEA FOWL 6. What is the meaning of the adverb numquam? NEVER B1 What is the meaning of the adverb vix? BARELY/HARDLY/SCARCELY B2 What is the meaning of the adverb procul? FAR, FAR AWAY 7. Which of the members of the original Tetrarchy died at Eboracum in 306 A.D., paving the way for the rise of his son Constantine as emperor? CONSTANTIUS CHLORUS B1 At the time of Constantius Chlorus' death, who was the Augustus in the East? GALERIUS B2 In order to solve the crisis of the Tetrarchy, who was called out of his retirement at Salona to mediate a conference at Carnuntum in 308 A.D.? DIOCLETIAN 8. Give the 2nd person singular, pluperfect, passive indicative of videō, vidēre. VISUS/-A/-UM ERĀS B1 Change visus erās to the perfect and plural. VISĪ ESTIS B2 Change visī estis to the future perfect. VISĪ ERITIS 9. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Aliae partēs carceris erant vacuae, aliae partēs carceris erant plēnae mortuōrum ambulantium. Ricardus cum quattuor hominibus foedus ferivit. Ricardus dixit duās manūs partēs vacuās partīrī et nōn pugnāre dēbēre. Ūnus ex hominibus autem Ricardō et sociīs nōn crēdidit, et quādam nocte foedus frēgit. Portam aperuit ut mortuīs ambulantibus intrāre licēret. Mortuī ambulantēs manum Ricardī oppugnāvērunt. What deal did Ricardus make with the four men? TO SHARE (THE EMPTY PARTS OF) THE PRISON NOT FIGHT B1 Why did one of the men break the agreement? HE DIDN’T TRUST RICARDUS (AND RICARDUS’ FRIENDS) B2 What did he do that violated the agreement? HE OPENED THE GATE TO ALLOW THE WALKING DEAD/ZOMBIES TO ENTER 10. In Book 5 of the Odyssey, what deity appears to Calypso and convinces her to let Odysseus leave her island? HERMES 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%3% % B1 When Odysseus’ raft capsizes in a storm, what minor sea deity covers him in a veil and guides him safely to shore? LEUCOTHEA / INO B2 On what island does Odysseus wash ashore? SCHERIA 11. What animal did the Romans call vacca? COW B1 What animal did the Romans call sus? PIG/SOW B2 What animal did the Romans call ovis? SHEEP 12. What law of 43 B.C. gave legal recognition to the Second Triumvirate? LEX TITIA B1 For how long did the Lex Titia authorize the Second Triumvirate? FIVE YEARS B2 The Second Triumvirate was re-authorized after what conference in 38 B.C.? MISENUM 13. Who hid in a bronze jar because he was terrified by the sight of Herakles wearing the Nemean Lion’s skin? EURYSTHEUS B1 Name the herald appointed to assign Herakles his labors in Eurystheus’ stead after this incident. COPREUS B2 Herakles was only to be assigned ten labors, however two more were added because he failed to adhere to the rules. Identify one of the two labors which Eurystheus refused to accept and why. KILLING THE HYDRA –HE HAD HELP (FROM IOLAUS); CLEANING THE AUGEIAN STABLES – TRIED TO EARN PAYMENT/USED RIVERS RATHER THAN DOING IT HIMSELF 14. What type of marriage ceremony began with the fictitious sale of the bride? COEMPTIO B1 In the coemptio, what was the libripens? SCALEHOLDER B2 How many witnesses were required for coemptio? 5 15. Translate the following sentence into English: posterō diē senex commōtus Rōmam relīquit. (ON) THE NEXT DAY, THE DISTURBED/DISTRESSED OLD MAN LEFT BEHIND/ABANDONED ROME. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Round%3% % B1 Now translate this sentence: sī senex paulō fortior esse poterit, Rōmae multōs annōs manēbit. IF THE OLD MAN CAN BE* A LITTLE BRAVER/STRONGER, HE WILL STAY AT/IN ROME (FOR) MANY YEARS. *also accept: “IS ABLE TO BE”(English rendering of future more vivid protasis / “WILL BE ABLE TO BE” B2 Finally, translate this sentence: paucīs hōrīs quoque discēdēmus Rōmā. IN A FEW HOURS, WE WILL ALSO LEAVE (FROM) ROME. 16. Who was Augustus's first choice to succeed him as emperor? MARCELLUS B1 What was the biological relationship between Augustus and Marcellus? UNCLE / NEPHEW B2 Who was Marcellus' mother? OCTAVIA 17. Give the Latin and English for the abbreviation q.v. QUOD VIDĒ – WHICH SEE B1 … v.s. [pronounce periods!] VIDĒ SUPRĀ – SEE ABOVE B2 … f.v. FOLIŌ VERSŌ – ON THE LEFT/TURNED/OTHER SIDE OF THE PAGE / WITH THE PAGE (HAVING BEEN) TURNED 18. Change the phrase crūdēlis poena to the ablative singular. CRŪDĒLĪ POENĀ B1 Make crūdēlī poenā plural. CRŪDĒLIBUS POENĪS B2 Make crūdēlibus poenīs dative. CRŪDĒLIBUS POENĪS 19. From what Latin verb with what meaning do we ultimately derive “crime”? CERNŌ – PERCEIVE B1 What derivative of cernō, cernere means “to figure out”? ASCERTAIN/DISCERN B2 What related Latin verb, the frequentative of cernō, means “to contend, vie” CERTŌ 20. What hero was disguised as a girl in an attempt to avoid being recruited into the Trojan War? ACHILLES B1 In what king’s court, located on the island of Scyros, did Achilles hide? LYCOMEDES’S B2 What was Achilles’s name as a woman? PYRRHA 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Semifinal%Round% % 1. What king of Rome was born to the slave woman Ocrisia? SERVIUS TULLIUS B1 On what hill did Servius Tullius establish a cult to Diana? AVENTINE B2 Although it was built hundreds of years after his death, what type of structure is Servius Tullius said to have built in Rome? A WALL 2. Who, in an attempt to recover the city of Thebes from his brother Eteocles, sought help from six other Argive warriors? POLYNEICES B1 What seer was convinced to join the ranks of the Seven Against Thebes after his wife was bribed with Harmonia’s Robe and Necklace? AMPHIARAÜS B2 Who was the only member of the Seven to survive the assault on Thebes? ADRASTUS 3. Give the future active participle for the verb from which we derive audible. AUDĪTURUS/A/UM B1 For the same verb, give the singular, present imperative. AUDĪ B2 Make audī a future imperative. AUDĪTŌ 4. In the Roman army, how many men comprised a centuria? 60 B1 How many men comprised a cohors? 360 B2 How many men comprised a maniple? 120 5. A criminal’s ‘method of working’ or ‘manner of doing’ would be referred to in court by what Latin phrase? MODUS OPERANDĪ B1 What Latin phrase is used when a criminal is caught ‘in the act’ or ‘red-handed’? IN FLĀGRANTE DĒLICTŌ B2 Someone caught in flāgrante dēlictō might plead ‘no contest’ in court. Give the Latin phrase for this motion. NOLŌ CONTENDERE 6. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in LATIN the questions that follow. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Semifinal%Round% % Mortuīs ambulantibus et prōditōre victīs, relīquī trēs hominēs ad manum Ricardī se iunxērunt. Septem mensēs sociī habitāvērunt in salūte carceris. Quōdam diē, complūrēs ē carcere discēssērunt ut copiās quaererent. Laura et Carolus cum Carolīnā remānsit ut carcerem explorārent. Cum explorārent, Laura contractiōnēs patī coepit. Īnfans veniēbat! Cum Carolina Lauram adiuvēret, tamen Laura mortua est. Īnfans autem superfuit. Quantōs mensēs in carcere sociī habitāverant? SEPTEM B1 Cūr complūrēs sociī ē carcere exiērunt? CŌPIĀS QUAERĒBANT B2 Quid accidit cum Laura carcerem explorāret? CONTRACTIŌNĒS PATĪ COEPIT/PEPERIT/MORTUA EST/ĪNFANS VĒNIT 7. What king of the Visigoths sacked Rome in 410 A.D.? ALARIC B1 Which Vandal sacked Rome in 455 A.D.? GEISERIC B2 Whose attempts to sack Rome were halted by Flavius Aetius in 451 A.D.? ATTILA / THE HUNS 8. What Greek deity does Homer describe as “Boöpis” meaning “the ox-eyed”? HERA B1 What Greek deity does Homer describe as “Ennosigaeus” meaning “the earth shaker”? POSEIDON B2 What Greek deity does Homer describe as “Nephelegereta” meaning “the cloud gatherer”? ZEUS 9. Identify the use of the genitive illustrated in this sentence: Tarpēia propter pecūniae amōrem portās aperuit. OBJECTIVE GENITIVE B1 Now identify the use of the genitive in this sentence: Sabīnī per mūrum sēdecim pedum facile trānsīvērunt. GENITIVE OF MEASURE B2 Do the same for the following: Sabīnī urbem intrāvērunt quod Tarpēia mūrum aurī cupīvit. GENITIVE OF MATERIAL 10. What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the root of “condition”? DICO - SAY B1 … “preach”? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Semifinal%Round% % DICŌ – DEDICATE B2 … “coercion” and “exercise”? ARCEŌ – SHUT OUT/WARD OFF/CONFINE 11. What is the meaning of the Latin idiom pedem referre? TO RETREAT B1 What is the meaning of the Latin idiom in animō habēre? TO INTEND B2 What is the meaning of the Latin idiom quam ob rem? WHY/ON ACCOUNT OF WHAT 12. Which of Heracles’ labors forced him to make use of his archery skills as well as a pair of bronze castanets given him by Athena? (CHASING AWAY) THE STYMPHALIAN BIRDS B1 What king of Oechalia had instructed Heracles in archery? EURYTUS B2 Later Heracles returned to Oeachalia to challenge him to an archery contest. What was the prize, which Heracles won but was denied? (THE KING’S DAUGHTER) IOLE 13. Make the phrase amāns filius dative singular. AMĀNTĪ FILIŌ B1 Make the phrase amāntī filiō plural. AMĀNTIBUS FILIĪS B2 Make amāntibus filiīs genitive. AMĀNTIUM FILIŌRUM 14. Differentiate in meaning between the Latin words odium and otium? HATE & LEISURE B1 Differentiate in meaning between the Latin words soleō and sileō? BE ACCUSTOMED & BE SILENT B2 Differentiate in meaning between the Latin words ingēns and indigens? INGENS - HUGE, INDIGENS - NEEDY/POOR 15. What Celtiberian stronghold was starved into submission by Scipio Aemilianus in 133 B.C.? NUMANTIA B1 What Spanish tribe was defeated by the Romans after the murder of their leader Viriathus in 141 B.C.? LUSITANIANS B2 During the time of the late Republic, into what two provinces was Spain divided? HISPANIA CITERIOR & HISPANIA ULTERIOR / NEARER & FURTHER SPAIN 16. To what mythological group do the brothers Arges, Brontes, and Steropes belong? CYCLOPES 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Semifinal%Round% % B1 To what mythological group do the brothers Rhadamanthys, Minos, and Aeacus belong? JUDGES OF THE UNDERWORLD B2 To what mythological group do the sisters Thalia, Aglaea, and Euphrosyne belong? GRACES / CHARITES 17. Translate only the pronoun in the following sentence into Latin: “Those students whom our teacher believes in are the most responsible.” QUIBUS B1 Now translate this sentence into Latin: “Those mountains you see are the tallest of all.” ILLĪ MONTĒS QUŌS VIDĒS/VIDĒTIS ALTISSIMĪ OMNIUM SUNT. B2 Finally, translate this sentence into Latin: “Caesar, whose name was well known, conquered.” CAESAR, CUIUS NOMEN NOTUM ERAT, SUPERAVIT. 18. For the verb doceō, docēre give the 1st person singular, imperfect, passive, subjunctive. DOCĒRER B1 Make docērer plural. DOCĒREMUR B2 Make docēremur present. DOCĒAMUR 19. The Praetorian Prefects Tigellinus, Nymphidius Sabinus, and Burrus all served under what emperor? NERO B1 What philosopher, along with Burrus, advised Nero during the first five years of his reign? SENECA THE YOUNGER B2 Nero's rise to power was arranged by his mother, whom Nero later executed. Name her. AGRIPPINA THE YOUNGER 20. What daughter of Zeuxippe and Pandion had her tongue cut out after being raped by her sister’s husband, Tereus? PHILOMELA B1 How did Philomela communicate what had happened to her sister Procne? WEAVED A TAPESTRY B2 What child of Tereus and Procne was boiled and served to Tereus as revenge? ITYS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Final%Round% % 1. Who, according to Sallust, called Rome an urbs vēnālis or "a city for sale"? JUGURTHA B1 In what African city did Jugurtha kill Italian citizens in 112 B.C.? CIRTA B2 What Roman general and quaestor of Marius was ultimately responsible for the capture of Jugurtha? SULLA 2. What type of gladiator fought with a net and a trident? RETIARIUS B1 What was the Latin term for the trident? FUSCINA B2 What type of gladiator, nicknamed “the pursuer,” usually fought with the retiarius? SECUTOR 3. Translate the following sentence into English: Iuppiter, mūtāns fōrmam nymphae quam celerrimē, cēlāre fraudem temptābat. JUPITER, CHANGING THE SHAPE/APPEARANCE OF THE NYMPH/HIS MISTRESS AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE, ATTEMPTED TO CONCEAL HIS TRICK/FRAUD. B1 Now translate this sentence: Iuppiter enim contrā uxōrem Iunōnem nōn sē dēfensūrus erat. CERTAINLY/INDEED JUPITER WAS NOT ABOUT/GOING TO DEFEND HIMSELF AGAINST (HIS) WIFE JUNO. B2 Finally, translate this sentence: Itaque nympha tristis, in bovem mūtāta, per multās gentēs errāre coacta est—quam miserrima! AND SO / THEREFORE, THE SAD NYMPH, (HAVING BEEN) CHANGED INTO A COW WAS FORCED TO WANDER THROUGH MANY NATIONS/TRIBES/RACES/PEOPLES—HOW VERY WRETCHED! 4. What son of Polypemon and Sylea was accustomed to tying strangers to bent pine trees and flinging them to their death before Theseus ended his life in the same manner? SINIS / PITYOCAMPTES B1 Which Isthmian outlaw would force travelers to wash his feet and then kick them off a cliff until he was killed by Theseus as well? SCEIRON B2 What Epidaurian outlaw was often referred to as Corynetes because of the bronze club he used to attack strangers – the same club which Theseus used to kill him? PERIPHETES 5. What tyrannical emperor renamed the city of Rome after himself? COMMODUS B1 What did Commodus call the city of Rome in Latin? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Final%Round% % COLONIA COMMODIANA B2 What two men, both of whom had brief reigns, followed Commodus as emperor in 193 A.D.? PERTINAX & DIDIUS JULIANUS 6. For the verb eō, īre, give the masculine nominative singular, present active participle. IĒNS B1 Make iēns plural. EUNTĒS B2 Make euntēs gentive. EUNTIUM 7. Give three Latin adjectives meaning “fast”. CELER/VOLUCER/VELOX/CITUS/RAPIDUS/AGILIS B1 Give a Latin adjective meaning “lowest”. IMUS B2 Give a Latin adjective meaning “equal”. PAR/AEQUUS 8. What long-haired Titaness was the mother of the Muses? MNEMOSYNE B1 Whose nine daughters, often referred to as the “children of the muses”, dared to challenge the muses to a singing contest? PIERUS B2 After the Pierides lost the contest, into what were they transformed for their insolence? MAGPIES / JACKDAWS 9. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, and answer in ENGLISH the questions that follow. Prope carcerem erat parvum oppidum. Vir, “Gubernātor” nōmine, parvō oppidō praeerat. Fīlia Gubernatōrī erat. Cum fīlia mortua ambulāns facta esset, Gubernātor fīliam suam tam amāvit ut domī tenēret. Mortuī ambulantēs nōminābantur “mordentēs” ā Gubernatōrī et sociīs suīs. Nocte, Gubernatōr mūnera dabat, in quibus mordentēs inter sē pugnābant. Haec mūnera “Mortuī et Circensēs” appellābantur. What was the fate of the Governor’s daughter? SHE DIED AND BECAME A ZOMBIE/WALKING DEAD B1 What did the Governor and his people call the walking dead? BITERS/BITING ONES B2 What name was given to the games put on by the Governor? DEAD AND CIRCUSES 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Final%Round% % 10. Quid Anglicē significat “turpis”? SHAMEFUL/UGLY B1 Quid Anglicē significat “invītus”? UNWILLING B2 Quid Anglicē significat “exiguus”? SMALL 11. What prince of Eleusis travelled the world in a snake drawn chariot spreading the rites of Demeter? TRIPTOLEMUS B1 What infant brother of Triptolemus did Demeter try to make immortal by placing him in a fire? DEMOPHO(Ö)N B2 Who was the mother of Demophoön who shrieked in horror when she saw her infant son in the flame? METANEIRA 12. What general, called the Second Founder of Rome, sacked the city of Veii in 396 B.C.? CAMILLUS B1 How long did the war against Veii last? TEN YEARS B2 What did Camillus do in 367 B.C. to celebrate the harmony between Patricians and Plebeians? CONSECRATE/BUILD THE TEMPLE OF CONCORD 13. Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from the same Latin root as the others: “maneuver”, “manure”, “emancipate”, “emanate”? EMANATE B1 From what Latin word with what meaning is “emanate” derived? MANŌ – FLOW B2 What Latin noun combines with manus to make “maneuver” and “manure”? OPUS 14. In Book 17 of the Iliad, what deity in disguise encourages the Trojans to continue their assault after helping Hector defeat Patroclus in single combat? APOLLO B1 What charioteer of Achilles kills the Trojan Aretus while defending his fallen companion Patroclus? AUTOMEDON B2 When the Greeks finally recover his body, what son of Nestor is asked to deliver the news of Patroclus’ death to Achilles? ANTILOCHUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Final%Round% % 15. Make the phrase turpis nauta genitive plural. TURPIUM NAUTĀRUM B1 Make turpium nautārum dative. TURPIBUS NAUTĪS B2 Make turpibus nautīs accusative. TURPĒS NAUTĀS 16. Translate the following sentence into Latin: “You sense that a storm is coming very quickly,” SENTIS /SENTITIS TEMPESTĀTEM CELERRIMĒ VENĪRE. B1 Now translate this sentence into Latin: “Perhaps he does not understand a dead dog will never bark” FORTASSE NŌN INTELLEGIT CANEM* MORTUUM NUMQUAM LATRĀTŪRUM ESSE? (N.B. Since canis is common gender, also accept “...MORTUAM...LATRĀTŪRAM ESSE”) B2 Finally, translate this sentence into Latin: “Messengers informed Caesar that the envoy Titus Labienus had pitched camp near the river.” NŪNTIĪ CAESĀREM CERTIŌREM FĒCĒRUNT/FACIĒBANT / CERTIORAVERUNT/CERTIORABANT LĒGĀTUM TĪTUM LABIĒNUM CASTRA PROPE FLŪMEN POSUISSE. 17. What emperor of Rome was captured by the Persian Shapur I in 260 A.D.? VALERIAN B1 Who succeeded Valerian as emperor? GALLIENUS B2 Although Valerian was the first emperor to be captured by an enemy, he was not the first to die in battle. Who was? DECIUS 18. For the verb faciō give the 3rd person plural, future, passive, indicative. FIENT B1 Make fient imperfect. B2 Make fiebant 2nd person. FIEBANT FIEBATIS 19. Give the Latin and English for the motto of the state of Idaho. ESTŌ PERPETUĀ – MAY IT LAST FOREVER B1 For five points each, give the Latin and English for the two mottoes of South Carolina. 1) DUM SPĪRŌ, SPERŌ – WHILE I BREATH, I HOPE 2) ANIMĪS OPIBUSQUE PARĀTĪ – PREPARED IN MIND(s) AND RESOURCES 20. What mythological figure accurately predicted the number of figs on a tree during a contest of divination against his chief rival Calchas? MOPSUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Intermediate%Division% Final%Round% % B1 Mopsus also correctly predicted the number and gender of piglets a pregnant sow was carrying. How many pigs, and of what gender, did he predict? 9 MALE B2 What happened to Calchas after losing this contest? HE DIED (OF A BROKEN HEART) 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%1% % 1. The Lex Canuleia abolished what prohibition set forth in the 12 Tables? THAT AGAINST PLEBEIAN-PATRICIAN INTERMARRIAGE B1 What was the effect of the Lex Ogulnia? OPENED PRIESTHOOD TO PLEBEIANS B2 During what war did the Romans pass the Lex Oppia, which restricted a woman’s wealth as well as her ability to display her wealth in her dress and other personal adornments? 2ND PUNIC WAR 2. Say in Latin: "Let's go to Athens." EAMUS ATHĒNĀS B1 Say in Latin: "If only I had believed you." UTINAM TIBI CRĒDIDISSEM B2 Say in Latin: "What were we to do?" QUID AGERĒMUS / FACERĒMUS 3. Who became a bird, a tree, and a tigress in rapid succession as she attempted to resist the embrace of Peleus? THETIS B1 Who were the parents of Thetis? NEREUS AND DORIS B2 Whom did Thetis once summon from Tartarus to aid Zeus when Poseidon, Hera, and Athena rebelled against him? (O)BRIAREÜS 4. What fruit did the Romans call malum punicum? POMEGRANATE B1 What fruit did the Romans call malum persicum? PEACH B2 What fruit did the Romans call cerasus? CHERRY 5. Quid Anglicē significat “carcer”? PRISON / STARTING GATE B1 Quid Anglicē significat “cinis”? ASHES / DEATH / RUIN B2 Quid Anglicē significat “carīna”? KEEL / SHIP 6. Make the pronoun hic, haec, hoc agree with the noun form moenia. HAEC 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%1% % B1 Now make the pronoun hic, haec, hoc agree with the noun form mōrēs. HĪ / HŌS B2 Make the phrase hī mōrēs ablative singular. HŌC MŌRE 7. What poet, patronized by Maecenas, wrote 4 books of elegy addressed to a woman named Cynthia? PROPERTIUS B1 What is the real name of Propertius’ Cynthia? HOSTIA B2 What was the title given to Propertius’ first book of elegy? MONOBIBLOS 8. What Roman general led the sack of Syracuse in 211 BC? MARCELLUS B1 What Roman general led the sack of Corinth in 146 BC? MUMMIUS B2 What Roman general led the sack of Athens in 86 BC? SULLA 9. The nouns rāstrum, iocus, and epulum all share what grammatical oddity? HETEROGENEOUS B1 What do the following nouns have in common grammatically: lūdus, finis, opus? DIFFERENT MEANINGS IN THE SINGULAR AND PLURAL B2 ... : fidēs, grātia, nātālis? DIFFERENT MEANINGS IN THE SINGULAR AND PLURAL 10. What daughter of Gaia and Ouranos lay with an Olympian god for nine consecutive nights in Pieria and bore him just as many talented daughters? MNEMOSYNE B1 According to Pausanias, what two giants were the first to locate the Muses on Mount Helicon? OTUS & EPHIALTES B2 The Muses were notorious for vindictiveness when challenged. Whom did they blind and took away his poetic abilities when he challenged them to a singing contest and lost? THAMYRIS 11. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, then answer the questions that follow: Puer, nomine Marcus, et puella, nomine Iulia, in domo antiquo habitaverunt. Mater eorum, uno die, iussit eos ascendere proximum collem ut obtinerent aquam. Itaque Marcus et Iulia ascenderunt collem quam cellerime quo magis placerent matri. Subito, autem, Marcus labitur et volvit sub collem. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%1% % Quid mater iussit liberos obtinere? AQUAM B1 Quomodo liberi ascenderunt collem? QUAM CELERRIMĒ B2 Quid accidit dum liberi ascenderent? MARCUS LABITUR ET SUB COLLEM VOLVIT 12. What author of Iberian and Celtic ancestry who came to Rome from Spain circa 63 AD wrote a poem commemorating the opening of the Colosseum? MARTIAL B1 What was the title of this work? LIBER SPECTACULORUM B2 For what style of poetry was Martial most famous? EPIGRAM 13. Translate the following sentence into English: Fūr domum intrāvit raptum pecūniam. THE THIEF ENTERED THE HOUSE TO STEAL THE MONEY B1 Translate that sentence using an adverbial clause of purpose. FŪR DOMUM INTRĀVIT UT PECŪNIAM RAPERET B2 Translate that sentence using a gerundive and the genitive case. FŪR DOMUM INTRĀVIT PECŪNIAE RAPIENDAE CAUSĀ / GRĀTIĀ 14. Who was the king of the cannibalistic race of Laestrygonians? ANTIPHATES B1 What city was the Laestrygonian capital? TELEPYLUS B2 The Laestrygonians traced their ancestry through their ancient king Lamus to which Olympian god? POSEIDON 15. What emperor executed Lentulus Gaetulicus after getting wind of his involvement in a conspiracy? CALIGULA B1 Varro Murena and Fannius Caepio were put to death for their involvement in a conspiracy against what emperor? AUGUSTUS B2 What emperor, in the first year of his reign, ordered the execution of four senators who had been accused of plotting to depose him? HADRIAN 16. What author, whose genius was first recognized by Pollio, wrote a work containing 10 brief poems on pastoral themes that included the stories of Cordyon, Alexis, Tityrus, and the real poet Cornelius Gallus, which is collectively called the Eclogues? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%1% % VERGIL B1 Which of Vergil’s Eclogues is called the “Messianic Eclogue?” FOURTH B2 What other famous work of Vergil’s was edited posthumously by Varius and Tucca? AENEID 17. Of the words contumelia, fanum, aes, and latebra, which is being described here: Hūc omnēs conveniunt laudatum deōs. FANUM B1 ... Multī nummī hōc creatī sunt. AES B2 ... Hoc tuī inimicī saepe tibi dicunt. CONTUMELIA 18. What name in mythology is shared by a daughter of Bellerophon and Philonoë and the wife of Protesilaüs, the first Greek killed at Troy? LAODAMEIA B1 What king of Iolcus and cousin of Jason was the father of Laodameia, the wife of Protesilaüs? ACASTUS B2 What fellow Argonaut did Acastus purify of either murdering Phocus or accidentally killing Eurytion? PELEUS 19. From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “combustible”? ŪRŌ – BURN B1 From what Latin noun, perhaps related to ūrō, with what meaning do we derive the English noun “bust”, as in a statue? BŪSTUM – FUNERAL PYRE B2 From what completely unrelated Latin noun with what meaning do we derive “robust”? ROBUR – OAK/STRENGTH 20. What late Christian author, born in Stridon, wrote a series of biographies modeled off of Suetonious about the lives of famous Christians? SAINT JEROME B1 What was the title of this biographical work? DE VIRIS ILLUSTRIBUS B2 What was the last biography contained in Jerome’s De Viris Illustribus? HIS OWN/JEROME’S 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%2% % 1. Who was the Gallic commander at the battle of Gergovia in 52 BC, where Caesar suffered one of only two defeats in his military career? VERCINGETORIX B1 Caesar’s other defeat occurred in 48 BC near Dyrrhachium in Greece. Who was the victorious general at this battle? POMPEY (THE GREAT) B2 What proconsul of Gaul unsuccessfully defended Massilia against Caesar in 49 BC? L. DOMITIUS AHENOBARBUS 2. Who was the author of the following works of Latin Literature? Medea, Remedia Amoris, Medicamnia Faciei Femineae, Fasti, Metamorphoses OVID B1 What other work of Ovid’s was most likely the “carmen” that helped cause his banishment? ARS AMATORIA B2 Where was Ovid exiled? TOMI 3. Who in mythology is sometimes credited with having invented the wheel so that he could more quickly reach people to instruct them in the sowing of grain? TRIPTOLEMUS B1 According to some authors, the constellation Gemini depicts not the Dioscuri, but Triptolemus and what lover of Demeter, who lay with her in a thrice-plowed field? IASION B2 What king in Thrace tried to detain Triptolemus by killing one of the serpents that drew his chariot? CARNABON 4. Differentiate in meaning between the verbs dōnō and domō. Dōnō – GIVE / PRESENT; DOMŌ – SUBDUE, CONTROL, DOMINATE B1 ... mergō and mereō. MERGŌ – SINK, SUBMERGE; MEREŌ – DESERVE, BE WORTHY OF B2 ... flagrō and flāgitō. FLAGRŌ – BURN; FLĀGITŌ - DEMAND 5. Translate into English: Ego miror cūr mē spectēs. I WONDER WHY YOU ARE LOOKING AT ME B1 Translate: Tū nōn es maior natū mē. YOU ARE NOT OLDER THAN I B2 Translate: Hāc aestāte Syrācūsās proficīscēmur. THIS SUMMER WE WILL SET OUT FOR SYRACUSE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%2% % 6. What author, born at Aquinum, wrote a work of 16 Satires during the reign of Domitian? JUVENAL B1 Which of Juvenal’s Satires includes his infamous derision of women? SIXTH B2 What contemporary of Juvenal referred to the satirist as facundus, meaning eloquent? MARTIAL 7. What man in mythology was named either Polypemon or Damastes, but was better known by this nickname, which meant ‘the Stretcher’? PROCRUSTES B1 Procrustes was the last of the villains that Theseus encountered, and shortly thereafter made it to Athens. On his way to Aegeus’ palace, some men hurled insults at Theseus because his garment made him look feminine to the Athenians’ eyes. What did Theseus do to shut them up? PICKED UP (TWO) OXEN AND THREW THEM INTO THE AIR (HIGHER THAN A BUILDING) B2 Medea tried to poison Theseus because she felt that Theseus jeopardized her plans of having her own son succeed to the throne. Who was the son of Medea and Aegeus? MEDUS 8. Although Tiberius was not Augustus’ first choice as a successor, Tiberius himself was a capable military commander. In what province did Tiberius run a successful military campaign against the Marcomanni in 6 B.C? PANNONIA B1 What warlord led Rome’s Illyrian auxiliary forces in a revolt in 6 BC and was said to have told Tiberius “You Romans are to blame for this; for you send as guardians of your flocks, not dogs or shepherds, but wolves”? BATO B2 What relative of Tiberius joined him in the campaign to suppress the revolt in Illyria? GERMANICUS 9. Complete the following grammatical analogy: nascor : nātū :: lūgeō : B1 ... patior : patī :: ōdī : B2 ... amō : amāsti :: nītor : . LUCTŪ . ŌDISSE (Ask them to explain if “it can’t be done” is given) . NĪSUS / NIXUS ES 10. From what Latin noun with what meaning do we derive “concatenation”? CATĒNA – CHAIN B1 … “teakettle”? CATĪNUS –POT/DISH B2 … “incarcerate”? CARCER – PRISON 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%2% % 11. What advisor to Constantine and tutor of his son was known as the Christian Cicero? LACTANTIUS B1 What work of Lactantius was directed at Stoics and Epicureans dealing with anthropomorphic deities? DĒ IRĀ DEĪ B2 What early Christian Apologist during the reign of Diocletian was Lactantius’s teacher? ARNOBIUS 12. Whose name was originally Podarces? PRIAM B1 Whose name was originally Asterius? THE MINOTAUR B2 Whose name was originally Alcaeus? HERACLES 13. What emperor founded the city of Antinopolis in Egypt after a dear friend of his drowned in 130 AD? HADRIAN B1 Where did Hadrian build an elaborate villa from which he ruled the empire during the final years of his reign? TIBUR/TIVOLI B2 Hadrian’s cremated remains were placed in the towering mausoleum now known as Castel Sant’Angelo. Hadrian’s Mausoleum was subsequently used to store the remains of succeeding emperors. Who was the last emperor whose remains are recorded to have been deposited here? CARACALLA 14. Who in the Aeneid said the following lines which I will read as prose? “Parce metu, Cytherea, manent immota tuōrum fata tibi; cernēs urbem et prōmissa Lavinī moenia.” JUPITER B1 … “Este ducēs, ō, sī qua via est, cursumque per aurās dērigite in lūcōs ubi pinguem dives opācat rāmus humum.” AENEAS B2 … “Aut spoliīs ego iam laudābor opimīs aut lētō insignī: sortī pater aequus utrīque est Tolle minās.” PALLAS 15. For the verb nōlō, give all the infinitive forms. NOLLE, NŌLUISSE B1 Now give all the participial forms of the same verb. NOLLENS B2 Now, again for the verb nōlō, give all present imperative verbs. NŌLĪ, NŌLĪTE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%2% % 16. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, then answer the questions that follow in ENGLISH: Olim, in terra multo procul, erat regina mala quae voluit fieri pulcherrima feminarum. Saepe rogavit vitrum pendentem in muro “Vitrum, Vitrum, in muro. Quis est pulcherrima?” Uno die, vitrum respondit, “Tu non es, O regina. Virgo, Nivea nomine, quae habitavit in media silva est.” Regina mala confestim consilium cepit captum virginem. What would the evil queen do often? ASK HER MIRROR WHO WAS THE FAIREST B1 What did the mirror say back to the queen one day? YOU ARE NOT. IT IS A MAIDEN NAMED SNOW WHITE WHO LIVES IN THE MIDDLE OF THE FOREST (ACCEPT GENERAL EQUIVALENTS) B2 After the queen heard this news, what did she do? FORMED A PLAN TO SEIZE THE MAIDEN 17. Translate the following sentence into English: Discipulī putāvērunt omnēs magistrōs esse insanōs. THE STUDENTS THOUGHT THAT ALL OF THE TEACHERS WERE CRAZY B1 Translate this sentence: Sī omnēs magistrī insanī essent, discipulī quam celerrime discēderent. IF ALL THE TEACHERS WERE CRAZY, THE STUDENTS WOULD LEAVE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE B2 Identify the type of conditional in the previous sentence? PRESENT CONTRARY TO FACT 18. What queen made Herakles wear a dress and spin wool while he was enslaved by her? OMPHALE B1 Why was Heracles enslaved by Omphale? HE HAD TO BE PURIFIED OF MURDER (OF IPHITUS) B2 What Calydonian princess did Heracles eventually marry? DEIANEIRA 19. What Latin word designated the first days of a child’s life? PRIMORDIA B1 During the primordia, what was the child called? PUPUS/PUPA B2 What was the term for the guardian spirit of a boy? GENIUS 20. What use of the ablative case can be found in the following Latin sentence: Ille puer, regibus ēditus, summī imperiī avidus est. ORIGIN / SOURCE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%2% % B1 What use of the genitive can be found in that same sentence? (WITH) SPECIAL ADJECTIVES B2 Translate that sentence. THAT BOY, DESCENDED FROM KINGS, IS GREEDY FOR THE GREATEST AUTHORITY 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%3% % 1. Translate this sentence into English: Pater meus mē monuit nē celerius ageret. MY FATHER WARNED ME NOT TO DRIVE TOO QUICKLY B1 Translate: Veritus sum ut audīvisset. I FEARED THAT HE / SHE HAD NOT LISTENED B2 Translate: Iuvenis tam stultus erat quīn umquam patrem audīret. THE YOUTH WAS SO STUPID THAT HE NEVER LISTENED TO HIS FATHER 2. Who claimed to have invented a new genre of literature when he composed love letters in verse? OVID B1 What was this work? HEROIDES B2 To whom does Sappho address her letter in this work? PHAON 3. What Roman commander was sent to put down the revolt of the Macedonian pretender Andriscus in 148 B.C? (Q. CAECILIUS) METELLUS MACEDONICUS B1 By what other name was Andriscus known? PSEUDO-PHILIP B2 Who did Andriscus claim was his father? PERSEUS 4. Give the meaning of Latin verb micō. TO FLASH / GLEAM / SHINE / GLITTER B1 Give the meaning of the Latin verb luctor. TO STRUGGLE / WRESTLE / CONTEND B2 Give the meaning of the Latin verb obiciō. TO OPPOSE / EXPOSE / PUT IN THE WAY 5. What mythological group was transformed from ants into men by Zeus? MYRMIDONS B1 Whose prayers was Zeus answering when he transformed the Myrmidons? AEACUS’S B2 On what island did this transformation take place? AEGINA 6. Translate this sentence by using the verb putō: We thought that your brother was dead. PUTĀVIMUS TUUM FRATREM MORTUUM ESSE B1 Translate this sentence by using a future infinitive: "We hope that he is alive." SPĒRAMUS EUM VICTURUM ESSE B2 Translate that sentence using the subjunctive. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%3% % SPĒRAMUS FORE UT VIVAT. 7. Who wrote Glaucoma, Harioulus, Triphallus, Dolus, and Romulus? GNAEUS NAEVIUS B1 What powerful Roman family did Naevius offend? METELLI B2 Translate this quote by Naevius: “Fatō Metellī Romae fiunt consulēs.” THE METELLI BECAME CONSULS OF ROME BY FATE 8. Pelorus, Udaeus, Hyperenor, Chthonius, and Echion are collectively known by what name? SPARTOI B1 Which of the Spartoi married the daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia? ECHION B2 Who was the child of Echion and Agave, the second king of Thebes? PENTHEUS 9. For the verb mulceō, give the 3rd person plural, perfect active subjunctive. MULSERINT B1 Make mulserint passive and pluperfect. MULSĪ / -AE / -A ESSENT B2 Make mulsī essent imperfect. MULCĒRENTUR 10. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, then answer the questions that follow in LATIN: In Africa, multa animalia vixerunt magna cum concordia. Rex animalium est Leo, nomine Simba. Post mortem sui patris, Simbae potestas tenenda erat, sed Simba noluit. Effugit domo e terris superbiae et se celavit. Cicatrix, avunculus malus Simbae, rapuit potestatem adhuc Simba revenit necatum eum. Quae tenenda erat Simbae? POTESTAS B1 Ubi rex leonis habitavit? IN TERRĪS SUPERBIAE B2 Dic Anglice nomen avunculi mali. SCAR 11. Beneath what wealthy city of the Etruscan League did the Romans allegedly build a tunnel in order to capture the city after a long 10-year siege? VEII B1 Give the tria nōmina for the dictator who led this siege? MARCUS FURIUS CAMILLUS B2 To what town did Camillus go in exile in 395 BC? 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%3% % ARDEA 12. What 1st century BC work is a collection of poems narrated by shepherds who are discussing the pastoral life? ECLOGUES/BUCOLICS B1 In what work of Vergil do we find stories of a bull sacrifice, a buried horse head, and a carnivorous sea serpent? AENEID B2 In what work of Vergil do we find the story of Hercules and Cacus? AENEID 13. To what class of verbs do tundō, pungō, and fallō belong? REDUPLICATIVE B1 & 2: For both boni, to what two classes of verbs does vesperāscit belong? IMPERSONAL & INCEPTIVE / INCHOATIVE 14. What city in Baetica was the birthplace of the emperors Trajan and Hadrian? ITALICA B1 Which two emperors were born, nearly 200 years apart, in the eponymous capital of Gallia Lugdunensis? CLAUDIUS & CARACALLA B2 In what Italian town were both Caligula and Nero born? ANTIUM 15. Name the parents of Amphictyon, Thyia, Protogeneia, Pandora, and Hellen. DEUCALION & PYRRHA B1 Name any three of the four mythological personages who were the parents of Deucalion and Pyrrha. PROMETHEUS, EPIMETHEUS, PANDORA, PRONOEA B2 Name the fourth. SEE ABOVE 16. What was the closest tie of relationship known to the Romans? AGNATIO B1 What was the term for the tie between all blood relations? COGNATIO B2 What were adfines? PEOPLE RELATED BY MARRIAGE ALONE 17. Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from the same Latin root as the others: “quarantine”, “quarrel”, “carfax”, “squad” QUARREL B1 Give the principle parts and meaning for the Latin verb from which “quarrel” is derived. QUEROR, QUERĪ, QUESTUS SUM – COMPLAIN 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Round%3% % B2 What Latin noun combines with quattuor to give us “carfax”? FURCA – FORK 18. What is the term for a work of literature that switches off between prose and poetry? MENIPPEAN SATIRE B1 What menippean satire describes the gourdification of the emperor Claudius? APOCOLOCYNTOSIS B2 Who wrote the Apocolocyntosis? Seneca the Younger 19. In what book of the Aeneid do the Trojans encounter the unfavorable omens of a plague on Crete, the Harpies, and a bleeding bush that contained the spirit of the Trojan prince, Polydorus? BOOK 3 B1 In Book 3, who mistakenly interprets Apollo’s instructions for the Trojans to “seek the land of their ancestors” as an instruction to go to Crete? ANCHISES B2 What Greek do the Trojans rescue from Sicily, a man who tells them the tale of Ulysses and Polyphemus? ACHAEMENIDES 20. What use of the subjunctive can be found in the following sentence: Virtūs Romanōrum militum magna adeo est ut numquam vincantur? RESULT B1 Translate that sentence. THE VIRTUE / STRENGTH OF THE ROMAN SOLDIERS IS SO GREAT THAT THEY ARE NEVER CONQUERED B2 What use of the subjunctive can be found in the following sentence: Maiorēs arborēs caedebant quamquās ferre miles posset? RELATIVE CLAUSE OF CHARACTERISTIC 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Semifinal%Round% % 1. What nymph ran to the river Ladon and prayed to the water nymphs there to save her from the amorous pursuit of Pan? SYRINX B1 In what region of Greece did Syrinx live? ARCADIA B2 Pan unsuccessfully challenged Apollo on his new instrument in a contest adjudicated by which mountain deity? TMOLUS 2. Put the following five battles in chronological order, from earliest to latest: Pharsalus, Philippi, Ilerda, Mutina, & Munda? ILERDA-MUNDA-PHARSALUS-MUTINA-PHILIPPI B1 What two legates commanded the Pompeian forces against Caesar at Ilerda? AFRANIUS & PETREIUS B2 What co-consuls fought against Marc Antony at Mutina? HIRTIUS & PANSA 3. Translate: Vergilius scrīpsit poemāta mirābilia audītū. VERGIL WROTE POEMS WONDERFUL TO HEAR B1 Translate: Aliquī fantur Vergilius fuisse meliōrem poētam quam Horātium. SOME SAY THAT VERGIL WAS A BETTER POET THAN HORACE B2 Translate: Omnēs, autem, sciunt Ovidium dīxisse formās mutātās in corpora nova. EVERYONE, HOWEVER, KNOWS THAT OVID SPOKE OF FORMS CHANGED INTO NEW BODIES 4. What famous work, of which only books 5 through 10 survive, was a systematic treatise on Latin grammar? DE LINGUA LATINA B1 To whom were the surviving books dedicated? CICERO B2 How many books total was the De Lingua Latina? 25 5. Quid Anglicē significat “daps”? FEAST / BANQUET B1 Quid Anglicē significat “dos”? DOWRY B2 Quid Anglicē significat “dicio”? AUTHORITY / POWER 6. What prolific authors lesser works included the poems Epicharmus, Euhemerus, and Sota? QUINTUS ENNIUS 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Semifinal%Round% % B1 About what famous general did Ennius write a fourth poem? SCIPIO AFRICANUS B2 What work of Ennius was a mock heroic poem on gastronomy? HEDYPHAGETICA 7. From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “emulsion”? MULGEŌ – MILK B1 From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “demulcent”? MULCEŌ – SOOTHE B2 From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “mugient”? MŪGIŌ – BELLOW 8. The construction of what temple on the Aventine Hill is attributed to Servius Tullius? TEMPLE OF DIANA B1 Because of his popularity and successes as a sovereign, Servius was frequently associated with temples and shrines to what goddess, who was surmised by some to have been Servius’ consort? FORTUNA B2 According to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, what annual festival in honor of the household deities of the crossroads did Servius establish? COMPITALIA 9. Translate this sentence into Latin: "We learn many things by doing." DISCIMUS MULTA / MULTĀS RĒS AGENDŌ FACIENDŌ B1 Translate into Latin using the verb volō, velle: "You should always want to study Latin." VELĪS / VELĪTIS (UT) STUDEĀS / STUDEĀTIS LATĪNAE B2 Translate into Latin using a future imperative: "May Latin always be the best language." ESTO LATĪNA OPTIMA LINGUA 10. Who dabbled in Manichaeism and Neo-Platonism before finally converting to Christianity at age 32, much to the joy of his mother Monica? ST. AUGUSTINE B1 In what African town did St. Augustine finally settle as bishop? HIPPO B2 In what Italian town did Augustine’s mother die? OSTIA 11. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, then answer the questions that follow in ENGLISH: Olim, sub pelago, erat puella quae dimidia piscis et dimidia puellae erat. Filia Tritonis erat et canere placet sibi. Homines quoque intererant puellae. Maxime cupida erat discendae domi et errandi in terras aridas. Mala strega quae in exsilio erat fefelit puellam et vocem rapuit. Eheu! 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Semifinal%Round% % What was the girl interested in? PEOPLE B1 What did the girl want to do? LEAVE HER HOME AND WANDER THE DRY LANDS B2 What did the evil witch do to the girl? TRICKED HER AND STOLE HER VOICE 12. What animal, according to Euripides, ravaged the crops of Oenoe until Herakles killed it and consecrated its horns in the temple of Oenoetian Artemis? CERYNEAN / CERYNITIAN HIND B1 According to legend, for how long did Herakles pursue the hind? ONE YEAR B2 Why were the hind’s horns an appropriate sacrifice to the goddess? THEY WERE MADE OF GOLD / THE HIND WAS SACRED TO HER 13. Make the adjective aeger agree with the noun form laurō. AEGRAE / AEGRĀ B1 Now use a synonym of aeger to say “the sick walnut tree”? INFIRMA / SAUCIA / INVALIDA / FESSA IUGLANS B2 Now use a different synonym of aeger to say “the sick ash tree” (Look above for other synonyms) FRAXINUS 14. In what battle did the Romans first employ corvi in order to successfully capture as many as 50 Carthaginian en route to their first naval victory in the 1st Punic War? MYLAE B1 Who was the Roman commander at Mylae? GAIUS DUILIUS B2 Who was Duilius’ co-consul who lost 17 ships to the Carthaginians after an ambush at the Lipari Islands? (CN. CORNELIUS) SCIPIO ASINA 15. Dēscrībāmus nunc proprietātēs dictīōnum in hāc sententiā: Apud Helvetiōs longe nobilissimus et ditissimus fuit Orgetorix. Quae pars orationis est “longe”? ADVERBIUM B1 & 2: For both boni, dic formās positivās duōrum adiectivōrum. NOBILIS, DIS 16. Where did the gods, except for Zeus, flee in the guise of various animals from the attack of Typhon? EGYPT B1 After their first encounter, Typhon tore out Zeus’ sinews. Who returned them to him? HERMES 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Semifinal%Round% % B2 Under what mountain was Typhon said to be imprisoned after he was defeated? MT. ETNA 17. What do the following words have in common grammatically: gratulōr, temperō, faveō, provideō? (VERBS THAT) TAKE THE DATIVE B1 ... : nurus, anus, colus? FEMNINE FOUTH DECLENSINO (NOUNS) B2 ... : calor, ambitiō, trīticum? LACK PLURAL / SINGULĀRIA TANTUM 18. What work by Apuleius was a collection of lectures that he had given at towns around Africa? FLORIDA B1 What work by Apuleius was a translation of Aristotle? DE MUNDO B2 Apuleius’ most famous work was of course the Metamorphoses. Towards the beginning of the novel, Lucus, having taken the wrong ointment, turns into a donkey. What animal was he actually intending to turn into? OWL 19. What Roman praenomen is abbreviated Cn.? GNAEUS B1 What praenomen is abbreviated S.? SPURIUS B2 What praenomen is abbreviated K.? KAESO 20. Halirrhothius, a son of Poseidon and a nymph named Euryte, raped the daughter of which god (who killed Halirrhothius in revenge)? ARES B1 What was remarkable about the aftermath of this killing? POSEIDON BROUGHT CHARGES AGAINST ARES; IT WAS THE FIRST MURDER TRIAL B2 Who was the daughter of Ares whom Halirrhothius raped? ALCIPPE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Final%Round% % 1. What emperor was the father of the child emperors Arcadius and Honorius? THEODOSIUS I/GREAT B1 What general did Theodosius appoint as caretaker for Honorius? STILICHO B2 What rival general controlled Arcadius and stymied Stilicho’s actions against Alaric? (FLAVIUS) RUFINUS 2. What work, consisting of 5 books of 32 poems, contained passages of the author mourning over his adopted father and a slave boy? SILVAE B1 In which book of the Silvae can both these accounts be found? BOOK 5 B2 What was the name of Statius’ wife with whom he adopted this slave boy? CLAUDIA 3. Translate the following sentence into English: Aenēās scit quid dē fatō faciendum sit. AENEAS KNOWS WHAT MUST BE DONE ABOUT (HIS) FATE B1 Translate: Deus Mercurius dīcit Aenēan Dīdōnis oblīviscī debēre. THE GOD MERCURY SAYS THAT AENEAS MUST FORGET DIDO B2 Translate: Aenēas navem solvit ad Ītaliam ut īram caelitum ēvītāret. AENEAS SET SAIL TO ITALY TO AVOID THE ANGER OF THE GODS 4. Differentiate in meaning between claudō and claudeō? CLAUDŌ – CLOSE; CLAUDEŌ - LIMP B1 Differentiate in meaning between coxa and noxa? COXA – HIP (BONE); NOXA - HARM B2 Differentiate in meaning between odor and ador? ODOR – ODOR / SMELL; ADOR – SPELT, GRAIN 5. Which god was known by the epithet “Aidoneus,” meaning “the Unseen”? HADES/PLUTO B1 What epithet was given to Hades to denote his absolute control of the Underworld? ZEUS KATACHTHONIUS B2 Hades’ epithet, Pluto, refers to what aspect of the god? HIS WEALTH 6. Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice, then answer the questions that follow in LATIN: In exercitu, mos est nullis feminis licere se iungere. Una, autem, iunxit se in exercitum sub naso legati. Illa ingenio usa est ut proprietates femineas celaret ab animis aliis militibus. Magna cum diligentia et vi conata est pugnare. Denique maxima miles facta est et non iam sibi se celanda erat. 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Final%Round% % What was the custom of the army? NOT TO ALLOW WOMEN IN B1 What did the girl do to get into the army? SHE USED A TRICK/HER INGENUITY B2 What happened to the girl at the end of the passage? SHE BECAME A VERY GREAT SOLDIER AND NO LONGER HAD TO HIDE HERSELF 7. The phrase “Iudex damnatur cum nocens absolvitur” is a maxim attributed to what Roman mime, formally an eastern slave? PUBLILIUS SYRUS B1 According to Caesar, what contemporary of Syrus was he superior to as a mime? DECIMUS LABERIUS B2 What eastern city did Syrus hail from? ANTIOCH 8. Give the case and use of the noun lac in the following Latin sentence: Caesar cum suīs copiīs flūmen lactis transīre constituit. GENITIVE of MATERIAL B1 What use of the genitive can be found in this Latin sentence: Omnēs equitum scīverunt proelium difficile esse. PARTITIVE B2 ... Invīsus consul contentionī honōrum praefectus erat. OBJECTIVE 9. Translate this sentence into Latin: "I will go with you provided that you are silent." TĒCUM ĪBŌ DUM(MODO) TACEĀS B1 Translate: "If you should talk, I would leave immediately." SĪ TACEĀS, STATIM DISCĒDAS B2 Translate: "If you had been silent, I would not have left." SĪ TACUISSĒS, NŌN DISCESSISSEM 10. What Greek deity was the father, by Neaera, of the Thrinacian nymphs Phaethusa and Lampetie, and by Perseis of Circe and Pasiphae? HELIOS B1 What Titans were Helios’ parents? HYPERION & THEA B2 What epithet of Helios denoted his ability, as the sun, to see all that happened on earth below him? PANOPTES 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Final%Round% % 11. What 7 book late work dedicated to the author’s son Eustachius was a dialogue between several Romans that took place during an ancient festival? SATURNALIA B1 At whose house did this dialogue occur? VETTIUS PRAETEXTATUS B2 The dialogues mostly serve as commentary on the works of what earlier, famous author? VERGIL 12. From what Latin noun with what meaning do we ultimately derive “aunt”? AMITA – (PATERNAL) AUNT B1 From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “andante”? AMBULŌ – WALK B2 The English word “anfractuous” is derived from the Latin verb frangō and what Latin adjective with what meaning? AMBŌ – BOTH 13. For the verb algeō, give the 2nd person singular, pluperfect subjunctive. ALSISSES B1 Change alsisses to the 3rd person future imperative ALGETO B2 Make algeto plural and passive. ALGENTOR 14. The governor Suetonius Paulinus was responsible for defeating what British queen at the Battle of Watling Street? BOUDICCA B1 Before their crushing and decisive defeat, Boudicca’s forces destroyed three Roman settlements. Name one of these. CAMULODUNUM/COLCHESTER – LONDINIUM/LONDON – VERULAMIUM/ST. ALBANS B2 Name another. SEE ABOVE 15. An offering is made at a temple on the Capitoline Hill; a name is entered into public records at the Tabularium; and the bulla and toga praetexta are offered to the Lares at what comingof-age festival in ancient Rome? LIBERALIA B1 On what date did the Liberalia occur? MARCH 17 B2 What two-word Latin phrase, literally meaning “marks of boyhood,” describes the toga praetexta and bulla at the Liberalia? INSIGNIA PUERITIAE 2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Advanced%Division% Final%Round% % 16. What son of Oeagrus and supposed follower of Cybele invented the double flute or at least salvaged the instrument when Athena discarded it in disgust? MARSYAS B1 Why had Athena discarded the instrument? SHE DIDN’T LIKE HOW BLOWING INTO IT DISTENDED HER FACE B2 Marsyas lost a musical contest to Apollo when he could not duplicate what feat? PLAYING HIS INSTRUMENT UPSIDE DOWN 17. What 5th century Spanish author, at the request of Augustine, wrote a history of the world in the vein of Jerome and Eusebius OROSIUS B1 Where in Spain was Orosius born? TARRAGONA B2 What year A.D. ended Orosius’ history? 417 A.D. 18. Make the phrase īdem pius Aenēās Dative. EĪDEM PIŌ AENĒAE B1 Give two possible superlative forms for the adjective pius. PIISSIMUS, PIENTISSIMUS, OR MAXIMĒ PIUS B2 Now give a third. See list above 19. What father and son, allies of Turnus, are both killed by Aeneas in Book 10 of the Aeneid? MEZENTIUS & LAUSUS B1 Mezentius was forced to lead the Italian troops when Turnus leaves the battlefield. Why had Turnus left? HE HAD CHASED A PHANTOM AENEAS CREATED BY JUNO ONTO A BOAT, AND JUNO HAD SET HIM ADRIFT B2 This battle in the Aeneid is the first to occur after Jupiter makes a proclamation to the gods about the war between the Trojans and the Italians. What was that proclamation? THAT THE GODS WOULD NO LONGER TAKE DIRECT ACTION TO AID EITHER SIDE 20. What consul captured the Armenian capital of Tigranocerta after a short siege in 69 BC? LUCULLUS B1 The battle of Tigranocerta was fought on October 6. Why specifically did Lucullus’ troops regard this day as unlucky and therefore initially attempt to dissuade Lucullus from fighting? (ATER DIES MARKING THE) BATTLE OF ARAUSIO B2 What battle in the following year, though a victory for the Romans against Tigranes II, precipitated a mutiny in the army against Lucullus? ARTAXATA
