
2014 Certamen All Rounds
... BONUS: Who was the commander of Octavian’s fleet at Actium? (MARCUS VISPANIUS) AGRIPPA BONUS: Antony’s fleet was supported by whose ships? CLEOPATRA 11. How many Julio-Claudian emperors were there? BONUS: How many Flavian emperors were there? BONUS: How many Emperor ruled in 69 AD? ...
... BONUS: Who was the commander of Octavian’s fleet at Actium? (MARCUS VISPANIUS) AGRIPPA BONUS: Antony’s fleet was supported by whose ships? CLEOPATRA 11. How many Julio-Claudian emperors were there? BONUS: How many Flavian emperors were there? BONUS: How many Emperor ruled in 69 AD? ...
article - British Academy
... style shared by the middle items, one quite different from the style common to the opening Robinson Ellis wrote with less clarity but in English rather than in Latin and with much greater long-term influence. Statements like ‘the diction of Catullus . . . seems indeed, if we confine ourselves to the ...
... style shared by the middle items, one quite different from the style common to the opening Robinson Ellis wrote with less clarity but in English rather than in Latin and with much greater long-term influence. Statements like ‘the diction of Catullus . . . seems indeed, if we confine ourselves to the ...
Dokument_1.
... Oυενιτοουτα Kουαδρουνια, then, is to be considered an instance of the Roman naming formula, with the Gaulish individual name here being used in the place of the Roman praenomen, as it sometimes is on Latin inscriptions (see below). The reason it was tolerated in a Gaulish text could precisely be tha ...
... Oυενιτοουτα Kουαδρουνια, then, is to be considered an instance of the Roman naming formula, with the Gaulish individual name here being used in the place of the Roman praenomen, as it sometimes is on Latin inscriptions (see below). The reason it was tolerated in a Gaulish text could precisely be tha ...
A Developmental History of the Hispano-Romance Verb
... Latin is the ancestor of Spanish, Portuguese and all other Romance languages. The Romance languages are Latin as it continues to be spoken today in the diverse and far-reaching territories of the Romance-speaking world. “[T]here is an unbroken chain of speakers, each learning his or her language fro ...
... Latin is the ancestor of Spanish, Portuguese and all other Romance languages. The Romance languages are Latin as it continues to be spoken today in the diverse and far-reaching territories of the Romance-speaking world. “[T]here is an unbroken chain of speakers, each learning his or her language fro ...
2013%Yale%Certamen%Invitational% Novice%Division% Round
... 18. Translate only the prepositional phrase from the following sentence into Latin: “The torrential rains caused the water under the bridge to overflow.” SUB PONTE B1 Now do the same for this sentence: “Faustulus found the twins with the she-wolf.” CUM LUPA B2 Now do the same for this sentence: “Her ...
... 18. Translate only the prepositional phrase from the following sentence into Latin: “The torrential rains caused the water under the bridge to overflow.” SUB PONTE B1 Now do the same for this sentence: “Faustulus found the twins with the she-wolf.” CUM LUPA B2 Now do the same for this sentence: “Her ...
2013 HARVARD CERTAMEN NOVICE DIVISION ROUND ONE 1
... answers if correct) B1: Now translate this question: Surely you love to hear Latin? NONNE AMAS/AMATIS AUDĪRE (LINGUAM) LATINAM? (accept similar answers if correct) B2: And finally, translate this question: You don‘t love to write Latin, do you? NUM AMAS/AMATIS SCRIBERE (LINGUAM) LATINAM? (accept sim ...
... answers if correct) B1: Now translate this question: Surely you love to hear Latin? NONNE AMAS/AMATIS AUDĪRE (LINGUAM) LATINAM? (accept similar answers if correct) B2: And finally, translate this question: You don‘t love to write Latin, do you? NUM AMAS/AMATIS SCRIBERE (LINGUAM) LATINAM? (accept sim ...
2014 - Massachusetts Junior Classical League
... ABLATIVE B2 Name two prepositions in Latin that can govern either the accusative or the ablative. IN / SUB / SUPER / SUBTER 4. “Another such victory and I'm finished” are the words supposedly spoken by what general after his victory at Ausculum in 279 BC? PYRRHUS B1 After the battle of Heraclea, Pyr ...
... ABLATIVE B2 Name two prepositions in Latin that can govern either the accusative or the ablative. IN / SUB / SUPER / SUBTER 4. “Another such victory and I'm finished” are the words supposedly spoken by what general after his victory at Ausculum in 279 BC? PYRRHUS B1 After the battle of Heraclea, Pyr ...
2012
... B1 What Greek goddess of grain was Persephone’s mother? DEMETER B2 In what Greek town, the site of an ancient mystery cult, were Persephone and Demeter reunited? ELEUSIS 5. When teenagers do something extremely dumb, it has become commonplace to shout “YOLO” first. What Latin expression roughly conv ...
... B1 What Greek goddess of grain was Persephone’s mother? DEMETER B2 In what Greek town, the site of an ancient mystery cult, were Persephone and Demeter reunited? ELEUSIS 5. When teenagers do something extremely dumb, it has become commonplace to shout “YOLO” first. What Latin expression roughly conv ...
2013 MA Novice
... Change portāverimus to the future tense and translate that verb form. PORTĀBIMUS – WE WILL CARRY How many times did chariots race around in the Circus? SEVEN Give the Latin terms for the four colors that represented the original chariot racing factiōnēs. RUSSĀTA, ALBĀTA, PRASINA, VENĒTA Which empero ...
... Change portāverimus to the future tense and translate that verb form. PORTĀBIMUS – WE WILL CARRY How many times did chariots race around in the Circus? SEVEN Give the Latin terms for the four colors that represented the original chariot racing factiōnēs. RUSSĀTA, ALBĀTA, PRASINA, VENĒTA Which empero ...
Overview and Review
... Miscellany: His portrayal shifts over the course of many stories, partly because of changing attitudes/authors and partly because of cultural absorption Rules over Olympus after the war because he wins the “lot-draw,” not because he led the gods into battle Power greater than all others, but c ...
... Miscellany: His portrayal shifts over the course of many stories, partly because of changing attitudes/authors and partly because of cultural absorption Rules over Olympus after the war because he wins the “lot-draw,” not because he led the gods into battle Power greater than all others, but c ...
2011 Massachusetts Certamen
... Which of the Julio-Claudian emperors had the second longest reign of all Roman emperors? AUGUSTUS After what battle in 31 BC did Octavian, the future Augustus, become sole “ruler” of Rome? ACTIUM Which of Octavian’s associates was instrumental in his victory at Actium? (M. VIPSANIUS) AGRIPPA ...
... Which of the Julio-Claudian emperors had the second longest reign of all Roman emperors? AUGUSTUS After what battle in 31 BC did Octavian, the future Augustus, become sole “ruler” of Rome? ACTIUM Which of Octavian’s associates was instrumental in his victory at Actium? (M. VIPSANIUS) AGRIPPA ...
BOSTON LATIN ACADEMY CERTAMEN FORUM 2014 NOVICE
... FILI B2: Translate the imperative in that same sentence. VENI ...
... FILI B2: Translate the imperative in that same sentence. VENI ...
1st Annual Eastside Certamen Tournament
... 7. Translate the following sentence into English: Matres bonae filiae aquam dederunt. THE good mothers gave/did give/have given water to the daughter OR The mothers gave/did give/have given water to the good daughter B1. Translate the sentence in another way. see above B2. Reform the sentence with ...
... 7. Translate the following sentence into English: Matres bonae filiae aquam dederunt. THE good mothers gave/did give/have given water to the daughter OR The mothers gave/did give/have given water to the good daughter B1. Translate the sentence in another way. see above B2. Reform the sentence with ...
From Latin to Romance - Hal-SHS
... known about word-formation in classical Latin, but they also assign some originality to the common ancestor of the Romance languages within global Latin. For instance, whereas there was a great deal of allomorphy for the Latin prefix dis-, its Proto-Romance correlate */dɪs-/ does not seem to have ha ...
... known about word-formation in classical Latin, but they also assign some originality to the common ancestor of the Romance languages within global Latin. For instance, whereas there was a great deal of allomorphy for the Latin prefix dis-, its Proto-Romance correlate */dɪs-/ does not seem to have ha ...
IJCL Convention Certamen February 25th 2007 First Round
... -B2. How does Orpheus meet his own end? Ripped apart by the Maenads 19. His temple in Rome was the official determination of Roman military engagement, and as such, his doors were invariably open. Who is this god of two faces, for whom our first month takes its name? Janus -B1. Who closed the doors ...
... -B2. How does Orpheus meet his own end? Ripped apart by the Maenads 19. His temple in Rome was the official determination of Roman military engagement, and as such, his doors were invariably open. Who is this god of two faces, for whom our first month takes its name? Janus -B1. Who closed the doors ...
Oratio Obliqva: Accusative with Infinitive A common construction in
... . Nautam in Italia futurum esse dixerat. He had said that the sailor would be in Italy (When?— subsequent to his speaking.) . Nautam in Italia futurum fuisse dixit. He said that the sailor would have been in Italy. Note that this last example is somewhat more complicated and less common. It expres ...
... . Nautam in Italia futurum esse dixerat. He had said that the sailor would be in Italy (When?— subsequent to his speaking.) . Nautam in Italia futurum fuisse dixit. He said that the sailor would have been in Italy. Note that this last example is somewhat more complicated and less common. It expres ...
Latin CE Grammar Booklet Name...................................………. Level 2
... These are used when you are comparing nouns e.g. This road is longer than that one longer is a comparative adjective. in Latin they are formed by adding -IOR to the stem e.g. longIOR=longer Look out for plurals: longIORES and neuter nouns: longIUS Superlative Adjectives These are used when you want ...
... These are used when you are comparing nouns e.g. This road is longer than that one longer is a comparative adjective. in Latin they are formed by adding -IOR to the stem e.g. longIOR=longer Look out for plurals: longIORES and neuter nouns: longIUS Superlative Adjectives These are used when you want ...
Foreign Language Department 2011-2012 3-Jan
... You will be given a story that is similar in theme, vocabulary and content to the stories in stage 28. Make sure to re-read each of these stories at least three times each, once for familiarity, once for grammar, once for translation. Practicing your vocabulary wouldn’t kill you, either. Culture ...
... You will be given a story that is similar in theme, vocabulary and content to the stories in stage 28. Make sure to re-read each of these stories at least three times each, once for familiarity, once for grammar, once for translation. Practicing your vocabulary wouldn’t kill you, either. Culture ...
2002 TEXAS STATE CERTAMEN -- ROUND 1, UPPER LEVEL TU
... Against what political opponent did Caesar publish a hostile pamphlet which is no longer extant? (MARCUS PORCIUS)CATO THE YOUNGER Who had published a pamphlet in support of Cato, to which Caesar was responding? CICERO In the sentence “Had you asked me, I would have aided you.” translate “had you ask ...
... Against what political opponent did Caesar publish a hostile pamphlet which is no longer extant? (MARCUS PORCIUS)CATO THE YOUNGER Who had published a pamphlet in support of Cato, to which Caesar was responding? CICERO In the sentence “Had you asked me, I would have aided you.” translate “had you ask ...
Baechle, Banta, O`Neill, Pittenger. Minor: Latin courses – Four
... Latin and to the study of ancient and inflected languages generally. In addition to developing understanding of the grammar of Classical Latin, students will be introduced to ancient Roman civilization and literature through appropriately graded readings based on original Latin texts. Lat 116. Intro ...
... Latin and to the study of ancient and inflected languages generally. In addition to developing understanding of the grammar of Classical Latin, students will be introduced to ancient Roman civilization and literature through appropriately graded readings based on original Latin texts. Lat 116. Intro ...
Level 1
... 7.(lang 4) Which two of the following words ARE derived from the same Latin verb: impetus, appositive, apparatus, postpone, potential. APPOSITIVE & POSTPONE Bonus. The Latin preposition ‘ad’ is the prefix for both “appositive” and “apparatus.” What English noun, derived from ad and a Latin adjective ...
... 7.(lang 4) Which two of the following words ARE derived from the same Latin verb: impetus, appositive, apparatus, postpone, potential. APPOSITIVE & POSTPONE Bonus. The Latin preposition ‘ad’ is the prefix for both “appositive” and “apparatus.” What English noun, derived from ad and a Latin adjective ...
1996 TEXAS JCL CONVENTION NOVICE LEVEL CERTAMEN
... TU # 15: This Roman military leader was empowered by the Gabinian Law of 67 B.C. Who was he? POMPEY THE GREAT B1: Over what opponent was he thereby empowered to act? ...
... TU # 15: This Roman military leader was empowered by the Gabinian Law of 67 B.C. Who was he? POMPEY THE GREAT B1: Over what opponent was he thereby empowered to act? ...
Latin CE Grammar Booklet Name
... If you are asked to give the 1st person singular present tense of a verb this means that you must give the most basic form of the verb-the one which ends in O. e.g. amO, regO etc Conjugation This is a group of verbs which follow a certain pattern. Each group has slightly different endings. There rd ...
... If you are asked to give the 1st person singular present tense of a verb this means that you must give the most basic form of the verb-the one which ends in O. e.g. amO, regO etc Conjugation This is a group of verbs which follow a certain pattern. Each group has slightly different endings. There rd ...
Latin America in the Early 20th Century
... Slow Change in Women’s Roles. Feminist movements successfully pushed for greater political and economic equality. By the 1950s, most of the region allowed females to vote. Shifts in ...
... Slow Change in Women’s Roles. Feminist movements successfully pushed for greater political and economic equality. By the 1950s, most of the region allowed females to vote. Shifts in ...
Vulgar Latin

Vulgar Latin is a generic term for the nonstandard (as opposed to classical) sociolects of Latin from which the Romance languages developed. The word vulgar in this case refers to its original meaning of common or vernacular, and not the more pejorative usage, tasteless or indecent. Works written in Latin during classical times used Classical Latin rather than Vulgar Latin (originally called sermo vulgaris), with very few exceptions (most notably sections of Gaius Petronius' Satyricon). Because of its nonstandard nature, Vulgar Latin had no official orthography. Vulgar Latin is sometimes also called colloquial Latin, or Common Romance (particularly in the late stage). In Renaissance Latin, Vulgar Latin was called vulgare Latinum or Latinum vulgare.The broad term Vulgar Latin should not be confused with the specific term Proto-Romance, which refers to the theoretical common ancestor to the modern Romance languages. Proto-Romance, however, may have been only one of the Vulgar Latin languages and only a very late stage language of its branch.