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Digestive System 1st Hour Team Georgina Include the following on your slide: Name of organ Description of structure Function of organ Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion occuring Picture of the organ Identify any secretions produced Function of secretions Use only 1 slide. Make sure it is neat & easy to read. Mouth Hollow with teeth, a tongue, and lips Aids in digestion physically and chemically Teeth mechanically break food down while saliva and Identify any secretions produced Function of secretions Pharynx behind mouth and nasal cavity, above esophagus Help push food to esophagus and prevent air from being swallowed No mechanical or chemical digestion occurring No secretions except mucus Esophagus ● Connects the thoart (pharynx) and the stomach ● Made of muscles that contract to move food to the stomach ● It is like a highway for food and drink to travel along to make it to the stomach ● mechanical digestion ● Mucus secretion Stomach Ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line it, rounded hollow organ, located inferior to diaphragm Pyloric sphinicter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass to the small intestine Function: breakdown and digest food to extract nutrients Both chemical and mechanical digestion! The stomach churns the food and the food mixes with acids and enzymes Secretion: pepsin, acid, and gastric juices. The pepsin breaks down proteins. Some stomach cells produce intrinsic factor a substance needed for the absorption of Vitamin b 12 Small Intestine Long and narrow tube; 23 feet long when stretched 90% of digestion and absorption of minerals and nutrients Chemical digestion -- acids break food down Digestive enzymes secreted by pancreas and liver Secretin (hormone) neutralizes potentially harmful acid from stomach Large intestine A shorter and wider tube than the small intestine; approximately 5 feet long and 3 inches in diameter. absorption of fluids and the formation of faeces. Chemical digestion; no digestive enzymes are produced and the absorption of water and electrolytes.The elimination of feces is another function. There are no secretions in the large intestine. Just mucus which helps lubricate and form fecal matter. Liver Liver is made up of four lobes Produces bile Secretes bile Bile breaks down large fat globules into smaller ones Bile is responsible for chemical digestion of fat No chemical or mechanical digestion actually occurs in the liver Pancreas Has two main ducts Exocrine function helps with digestion and endocrine function helps regulate blood sugar Chemical digestion-produces enzymes that breakdown all foods Gallbladder Small pouch under the liver Stores bile produced by the liver Part of chemical digestion Bile is released into the small intestine to help digest fats Salivary Glands There are three types of salivary glands: parotid glands (Anterior to the ears), submandibular glands(beneath the lower jaws), and the sublingual glands (beneath the tongue). The salivary glands produce saliva which is a mixture of mucous and serous fluids. In saliva there is an enzyme, salivary amylase Chemical digestion takes place because the saliva produced has salivary amylase that breaks down starch into glucose. Saliva also contains substances such as lysozyme and antibodies that inhibit bacteria Function: breakdown and digest food to extract nutrients Both chemical and mechanical digestion! The stomach churns the food and the food mixes with acids and enzymes Secretion: pepsin, acid, and gastric juices. The pepsin breaks down proteins.