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RBC Select ™ The Moss Nutrition Professional Line SUPPORT FOR HEALTHY IRON STATUS & RED BLOOD CELL PHYSIOLOGY • Essential nutrients for erythrocyte formation and function.* • Well-absorbed, non-constipating iron glycinate chelate.* • With copper, B-vitamins and intrinsic factor to help promote healthy hemoglobin replication and maintenance.* RBC Select™ provides clinically meaningful amounts of bioavailable iron (as glycinate amino acid chelate) along with additional key vitamin and mineral cofactors required for the formation of healthy red blood cells. Other Ingredients: Gelatin (capsule), rice flour, silica. SUGGESTED USE: 1 capsule per day or as directed by your healthcare professional. WARNING: IF TAKING MEDICATION, PREGNANT OR NURSING CONSULT A PHYSICIAN BEFORE USING. Red blood cells (RBCs, erythrocytes) are one of the four major components of blood (along with plasma, platelets and white blood cells.) Red blood cells are the primary vehicle for transporting and delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs, tissues and cells throughout the body. RBCs are also used to carry carbon dioxide away from cells into the lungs for elimination, after which a fresh supply of oxygen may be collected. The central structural feature of red blood cells is hemoglobin, a globular protein containing heme. Heme is a porphyrin ring compound built around a central atom of iron. Two thirds of the body’s iron is found in heme, where only one site per iron atom is made available for the binding of a single oxygen atom. With only one O2 binding site per heme molecule, it is clear why a rich supply of red blood cells is essential to proper cellular oxygenation and energy production. Furthermore new red blood cells are constantly being made in the bone marrow due to the fact that erythrocytes lack a nucleus and can not self-reproduce, surviving 120 days on average. To help support healthy red blood cell formation and maintenance, RBC Select™ features a thoughtful selection of supportive nutrients researched for optimum tolerability and efficacy. IRON (as iron glycinate) is the lead ingredient in RBC Select™due to the critical role it plays in red blood cell physiology. Iron deficiency remains the number one nutrient deficiency in the United States and wordlwide. Low serum iron impairs the rate of oxygen delivery to cells and is a hallmark of anemia and other problems. Iron glycinate is a well-tolerated, highly absorbable amino acid chelate shown to offer superior bioavailability without slowing intestinal transit times. (continued on reverse side) *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. www.mossnutrition.com Tools for True HealthTM 800-851-5444 RBC Select™ (continued from reverse side) VITAMIN B1 is required for the synthesis of porphyrins such as heme. Animal research suggests thiamin deficiency may lead to decreased hemoglobin concentration. Low thiamin is also a cause of thiamin-dependent transketolase deficiency, a condition that may lead to improper red blood cell maturation and an anemic state characterized by the presence of abnormally large RBCs in the peripheral blood. Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme housed in bone marrow that participates in the pentose phosphate pathway. VITAMIN B6 takes part in heme synthesis as a coenzyme of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase. Research suggests that two forms of vitamin B6—pyridoxal and pyridoxal-5-phosphate, the active form contained in RBC Select™—bind directly to hemoglobin, helping it to effectively pick up and release oxygen atoms. FOLATE is necessary for DNA replication; therefore rapidly dividing cells, such as megaloblasts in bone marrow, are highly vulnerable to low levels. Folate deficiency, along with B12 deficiency, is associated with low erythrocyte levels. VITAMIN B12 as 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin is a required cofactor for succinyl-coenzyme A, an enzyme which participates in hemoglobin synthesis. A deficiency in vitamin B12 may inhibit this pathway, leading to impaired healthy red blood cell synthesis, decreased oxygen-carrying capacity and symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue. Methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin, the forms of vitamin B12 contained in RBC Select™ have been shown to readily convert into 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin in the body. COPPER is an essential mineral intimately involved with red blood cell formation. Four copper-containing enzymes, located in different parts of the body and known as “multi-copper oxidases”, are needed to oxidize ferrous iron into ferric form, thereby enabling iron to be transported to the bone marrow for incorporation into heme. Copper deficiency, though rare, may result in hypochromic, microcytic red blood cells. INTRINSIC FACTOR is a glycoprotein that is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach as a component of gastric juice, as are hydrochloric acid and pepsin. Intrinsic factor is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12; however, secretion of intrinsic factor may diminish with age or be impaired by low stomach acid. Supplemental intrinsic factor has been shown to improve iron absorption in patients with parietal cell impairment and low stomach acid. REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Cartwright GE. Dietary factors concerned in erythropoiesis. Blood. 1947 May;2(3):256-98. Ashmead HD. The absorption and metabolism of iron amino acid chelate. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2001 Mar;51(1 Suppl 1):13-21. Hauschildt S. The influence of thiamine deficiency on porphyrin synthesis and porphyrin proteins. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1975;21(6):403-10. Aslinia F, et al. Megaloblastic anemia and other causes of macrocytosis. Clin Med Res. 2006 Sep;4(3):236-41. Kark JA, et al. Modification of intracellular hemoglobin with pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5’-phosphate. Blood Cells. 1982;8(2):299-314. Vashchenko G, MacGillivray RT. Multi-copper oxidases and human iron metabolism. Nutrients. 2013 Jun 27;5(7):2289-313. Waxman S, et al. Malabsorption of hemoglobin iron in pernicious anemia: correction with intrinsic factor-containing substances. J Clin Invest. 1968 Aug;47(8):1819-25. *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. www.mossnutrition.com Moss Nutrition 2 Bay Road, Suite 102 Hadley, MA 01035 V.071014 800-851-5444