Download Clove

Gross anatomical study of
crude
drugs
Clove
DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCTION
ANDHRA PRADESH
Name
Designation
Branch
Institute
Year
Subject
Subject Code
Topic
Duration
Sub topic
Teaching aids
:
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M.Vasu Babu
Lecturer in pharmacy
Pharmacy
GPW ,Guntur
I D.Pharm.
Pharmacognosy
Ph -103
Gross anatomical study of crude
drugs
: 50 minutes
: Clove (6/8)
: PPT, Photographs
Gross anatomical study of Crude Drugs
Clove
Objectives
On completion of this period you would be able to
know
• Biological source
• Microscopical characters
• Chemical constituents & uses of Clove.
Known to unknown
Q 1. Did you ever see these?
What are they ?
Ans: Yes – they are cloves.
Q 2. Did you ever used them
in your house?
Ans : yes.
FIG 88.1
Q3. For what purpose, we use in our house ?
Ans: As spice – used in food preparations.
Q4. From which part of plant, is it obtained ?
Ans: As flower bud.
Q5. How do you find out the genuinity of this crude drug ?
Ans: By observing Morphological / histological study.
Cloves
Biological source:
Dried flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllus
Family:
Myrtaceae
FIG 88.2
Microscopy
T.S of microscopy of
clove bud shows
1.
Epidermis
2.
Cortex
3.
Columella
FIG 88. 3
Epidermis
• Single layered
• Straight walled cells with
anomocytic stomata
• Covered with very thick
cuticle
FIG 88. 4
Cortex
It shows 3 zones.
Zone I
Roughly radially arranged
parenchymatus cells with
2 to 3 layers of big,
ellipsoidal,
schizolysigenous oil
glands.
FIG 88. 5
Cortex (contd)
•
Zone II
Middle region containing a
ring of bicollateral vascular
bundles.
•
Xylem - composed of 3 – 5
lignified spiral vessels
•
Isolated pericylclic fibres
(lignified) may be present
around the vascular bundle.
FIG 88. 6
Cortex
Zone III
• Zone of parenchyma
composed of air spaces
separated by lamellae.
• one cell thick which
supports the central
columella.
FIG 88. 7
Columella
• Parenchymatus rich in
calcium oxalate clusters .
• A ring of vascular bundles
towards the periphery.
• Calcium oxalate prisms,
Starch, Trichomes, Stone cells
are absent.
FIG 88. 8
Chemical constituents
• Volatile oil (15-20%)
Eugenol (70-90%)
Eugenol acetate
Caryophyllenes
Small quantities of esters, ketones & alcohols
• Tannins (10-13%)
• Resins
Galltannic acid
• Chromone
• Eugenin
Uses
• Dental analgesic
• Carminative
• Aromatic
• Stimulant
• Antiseptic
• Flavouring agent
Summary
In this class we learnt about
• Anatomical study
• Chemical constituents
• Uses of Clove
Quiz
Q 1.How many zones present in the cortex of Clove?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 1
d) 2
Q 2.What type of stomata present in the Clove bud?
a) Anomocytic
b) Paracytic
c) Diacytic
d) Anisocytic
Frequently asked questions
1.Write the monograph of Clove.
2.Explain the histological study of Clove.
3.Write the anatomical study of Clove.
4.Write the Biological Source, Family, Chemical constituents
and Uses of Clove.