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Why do people get
diabetes?
By: Katherine Jones
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Diabetes
Complex group of diseases
High blood glucose (high blood sugar), hyperglycemia
Disorder of metabolism
Way the body digests food for energy, breaks down
carbohydrates and starches into glucose
Doesn’t make enough insulin or efficient amount
Beta cells in pancreas
Beta cells with islets create the insulin
Type 1
Destruction of insulin
Body’s immune system attacks/destroys beta cells
Autoimmune disease attacks body’s own cells
Abnormally high blood sugar levels
Lack of insulin=inability to use glucose for energy or control
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glucose levels in blood
Juvenile
Typically occurs in children/young adults
Beta cell destruction occurs over years,
symptoms develop quickly
Adults
LADA
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
Type 2
Adult onset
Middle aged and older people
Usually overweight or obese
Youth
Not commonly found in children
Increasingly common in overweight adolescents
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Triggers
Scientists believe genetics and environmental factors
are most likely type 2 triggers
Genetic Susceptibility
Predisposition
Need to inherit from both parents
Whites have a higher risk
Inheritance pattern unknown
Environmental factors
Cold weather- more often diagnosed in winter than summer
Viruses
Diet
Genes
Increased chance with
variants in HLA-DQA1,
HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1
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Symptoms/Causes
T1- increased thirst/urination, bedwetting, extreme hunger,
weight loss, irritability, weakness, blurred vision, yeast infection
T2- increased thirst/urination, increased hunger, weight loss,
fatigue, blurred vision, slow healing/infection, darkened skin
Cause: T1- unknown
Cause: T2- combo of factors
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Complications
T1- affects blood vessels, nerves, and possible pregnancy complications
T2- if ignored: neuropathy, nephropathy, foot damage, hearing
impairment, skin condition, Alzheimer’s
Heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness, dental disease, and
amputation
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Works Cited
{, By. "Genetics of Diabetes." American Diabetes
Association. American Diabetic Association, 20 May 2014. Web. 20
Sept. 2016.
By Mayo Clinic Staff Print. "Type 2 Diabetes." Symptoms
and Causes. Mayo Clinic, 13 Jan. 2016. Web. 20 Sept. 2016.
"Causes of Diabetes | NIDDK." U.S National Library of
Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 20 Sept.
2016.
“Type 1 Diabetes – Genetics Home Reference.” US National
Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 24
Sept. 2016.