Download Animal Anatomy and Physiology Review

Animal Anatomy and Physiology Review
Answer the following review questions. They are not in order of topics covered in class;
however, by answering the questions, you will be able to assess your knowledge of the
unit.
1. Fill in the blank questions
A. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates are classified as macromolecules because they must be
consumed in large amounts every day.
B. The four components of digestion are ingestion, digestion, absorption and egestion.
C. Most chemical digestion in humans occurs in the mouth and the stomach.
D. The vili are small, fingerlike structures found in the lining of the small intestines.
E. The primary function of the large intestines is the absorption of usable material.
F. The function of the liver is to produce bile.
G. The correct or of the human digestive organs is mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestines, large intestines, anus.
H. Unlike food and water, the two important gases in respiration: oxygen and carbon
dioxide cannot be stored in large quantities.
I. Respiration always involves a large moist surface for gas exchange.
J. In order to inhale, the pressure inside the lungs is decreased.
K. The brain controls your rate of breathing by monitoring the concentration of carbon
dioxide in the blood.
L. Humans can only survive for a few minutes without oxygen.
M. In the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the
blood.
N. The blood vessel with the smallest diameter is the capillary.
O. Exhalation occurs when the diaphragm moves up and the ribs move in and down.
2. Match the following definitions with the correct term from the box.
__F__ The first chamber to receive oxygenated blood.
__A__ The major artery carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to
the body.
__M__ Prevents the backflow of blood to a ventricle.
___E_ A device that measures the electrical activity in the heart.
___N_ The walls that separate the left and right ventricles.
___D_ The smallest blood vessels.
__P__ Blood vessels that contain valves.
__R__ Blood cells that protect against infections.
__G__ The chamber of the heart that pumps the blood into the aorta.
__I__ The blood component that initiates blood clots
_B___ blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
aorta
arteries
arterioles
capilleries
electrocardiogram
left atrium
left ventricle
plasma
platelets
red blood cells
right atrium
right ventricle
semilunar valves
septum
valves
veins
venules
white blood cells
3. Use the diagram of the heart and answer the following questions
1. superior vena cava
2. inferior vena cava
3. right atrium
4. tricuspid valve
5. right ventricle
6. pulmonary vein
7. bicuspid valve
8. pulmonary artery
9. semilunar valve
10. pulmonary valve
a) label the diagram
b) Using the numbers from the diagram, identify the blood vessels that return blood back
to the heart from the body
aorta
c) Using the numbers from the diagram, identify the ventricle that contains deoxygenated
blood.
# 5 right ventricle
d) Using the numbers from the diagram, identify the blood vessel(s) that brings oxygenated
blood to the heart from the lungs.
#6 pulmonary vein
4. Arrange the following blood vessels in the correct order as blood leaves the left
ventrical of the heart: capillary, aorta, vein, arteriole, artery, and venule.
Left ventricle – aorta – artery – arterioles – capillary- venule – veins – inferior and superior
vena cava (heart)
5. As you breathe in, follow the path the oxygen molecule follows through the respiratory
and circulatory system.
Nasal cavity – pharynx – larynx – trachea – bronchi – alveoli – pulmonary vein – left atrium –
left ventricle – aorta – artery – arteriole – capillary – venules – veins – superior and inferior
vena cava – right atrium – right ventricle – pulmonary artery – alveoli – bronchi – trachea –
larynx – pharynx – nasal cavity
6. Select two the systems (digestion, circulatory, respiratory) studied in class and describe
how they are connected.