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FAITH CATHEDRAL DELIVERANCE CENTRE WELCOMES YOU TO THE STUDY ON BUDDHISM REFLECTION STATEMENTS The Three Jewels or ‘Triple Gem’ are the foundation of Buddhist tradition. These are Buddha, Dharma, Sangha STATEMENTS The Sangha is of two levels: the Monastic Order for monks and nuns – those who do not desire to be part of the monastery. Laity STATEMENTS ‘The Buddha’ includes the historical Buddha and all those who have been awakened from the sleep of ignorance. STATEMENTS ‘The Dharma/Dhamma’ consists of the the teachings, practices, and their implementation (art and science) STATEMENTS ‘The Three Baskets’ or ‘Tipikata’ is the name given to the Buddhist Scriptures. They were written in Pali, and is a very large book. The three baskets are Vinaya Pitaka – (containing rules for monks) Sutta Pitaka (teachings/Dhamma) Abhidhamma Pitaka (explains the Sutta) STATEMENTS Two Canons are used – Sanskrit which is a combination of several languages Pali – which is the first collection of Budda’s teachings in Indian language STATEMENTS There are Three Vehicles, Branches or Philosophies. Hinayana (Lesser/Little Vehicle) same as the Theravada (Doctrine of he Elders) Strict to the letter, for self improvement and salvation, (Arhats), Buddha as teacher STATEMENTS Mahayana (Greater Vehicle) for the common people, assist others in quest for salvation, Bodhisattvas with stored merits, Buddha as god – historical, universal, eternal Vajrayana (Tantric Vehicle) use meditative and other practices which lead to direct realization of Buddha. Tantrism – magical powers used for enlightenment. The mind, speech, and body are used in meditation BUDDHISTS NUMEROLOGY Buddhism is a religion of the Axial age with its magic & myth as seen in symbols. There was a turn from that age to the present (reason), and so numerology was used to preserve the myth/magic essence Number Meaning 1 Spiritual union 2 3 Division Unity as in trinity 4 7 Completion Primary number of magic, especially Life & Death PART FIVE TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) The Buddha's teachings where collected into what forms the Dhamma/Dharma. In all, eighty four thousand (84,000) teachings were given revealing many profound methods of spiritual training, all of which are practical ways to purify and control the mind. TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) CONT’D If methods are practiced then the result is a special experience of mental peace. As the experience is improved, deluded state of mind will gradually diminish and inner peace will grow. TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) By CONT’D abandoning delusions (anger, ignorance) altogether, one attains the permanent inner peace of Nirvana, just like Buddha. TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) -Buddha’s CONT’D teachings are spiritual technologies that identify the actual root cause of human suffering and problems, and eliminate them at their roots. TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) The CONT’D teaching reveals a step-bystep path to lasting happiness. By following this path, anyone can gradually transform the mind from its present confused and self-centered state into the blissful mind of a Buddha. TEACHINGS/DHAMMA (DHARMA) The CONT’D Buddha rejected speculation about such matters as God, the nature of the universe, and the afterlife, urging followers to focus on The Four Noble/Holy Truths by which they can free themselves from suffering. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS This was part of his first sermon preached. The Four Holy Truths encapsulate The Buddha’s doctrines on suffering, and are the heart of the Dharma/Dhamma. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D Buddha believed that suffering dominates the lives of all humanity and so he taught a practical way of deliverance from suffering. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS 1. CONT’D The Truth Of Suffering (dukkha) Life is suffering) It exists universally. This defines the nature of being. All people learn that life is grievous through the experience of birth, age, death. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS The CONT’D Buddha spoke of self as a temporal creation cursed with suffering until deliverance is achieved. Suffering is found in every aspect of existence THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS All CONT’D things change and the life of every being ends in death Although one may have happiness for a moment, conditions will soon change and the happiness will be no longer. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D 2. The Truth Of The Cause Of Suffering. (Suffering has a cause) The origin of the suffering is caused by the false desires of the senses which have been deceived into clinging to the impermanent world. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS This CONT’D second truth identifies the origin of suffering as ‘Tanha’ which means ‘thirst’ or craving for gratification. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D These cravings lead in certain ways to suffering. They lead to frustration resulting from a failure to achieve lasting satisfaction. They also lead to quarrels, strife and conflict between groups and people. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS A CONT’D hopeless quest for immortality further aggravates human. Desire and ignorance lie at the root of suffering Cravings, pleasure material goods and immorality are wants that can not be satisfied. Desiring them brings suffering. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS Ignorance, CONT’D on the contrary relates to not seeing the world as it actually is. Without the capacity for mental concentration and insight, ones mind is left undeveloped, unable to grasp the true nature of things. Vices, such as greed, envy, hatred and anger, are derived from ignorance. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D 3. The Truth Of The End Of Suffering (Suffering can be suppressed) This has dual meaning, suggesting either the end of suffering in this life, on earth, or in the spiritual life through achieving Nirvada. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D This is a transcendent state from suffering and the worldly cycle of birth and rebirth, thus spiritual enlightenment would have been reached. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D This third Truth affirms that there is a state of detachment from material things, and a cessation of desire when all cravings cease. THE FOUR HOLY/NOBLE TRUTHS CONT’D 4. The Truth Of The Path That Leads To the End Of Suffering. (Nirvana) This indicates the method for attaining the end of suffering. It is a system that engages the whole person and brings practical deliverance by following The Eight-fold Path. NIRVANA Nirvana means extinction like that of quenching fire. It may be defined in many ways but for Buddhism is: Destruction of desire and the basic passions which are craving, hatred, and delusion. End of painful rebirths. End of suffering (not equivalent to the Christian paradise) hence supreme happiness. HOW WAS IT? LET’S SEE!! ASSESSMENT Make each statement true by supplying the missing word. 1. 2. The Buddha gave---------teachings. Buddha’s teachings give methods to purify and control the ------------ . ASSESSMENT 3. ------------ were to focus on the Four Noble Truths to free themselves from suffering. 4. Buddha taught a practical way of deliverance from ------------ . 5. Desire and ignorance lie at the ------------ of suffering. ASSESSMENT Say if each statement is ‘True’ or ‘False’. 1. 2. 3. 4. Buddha’s teachings reveal a stepby-step path to lasting happiness. Buddha embraced matters pertaining to God. The Four Noble Truths are at the heart of the Dharma. Suffering is not part of people’s existence. ASSESSMENT The origin of suffering is as a result of false desires. 6. ‘Tanha’ means thirst or cravings. 7. Following the Eightfold Path brings deliverance and ends suffering. 5. THE EIGHT-FOLD PATH Following the noble Eightfold Path requires that a person do the following as salvation is through human work: EIGHT-FOLD PATH (CONT’D) 1 Right Speech: do not gossip, lie or slander anyone. Reframe from falsehood, malicious talk, abusive language, harsh and frivolous words. 1 . Speaking to others in a helpful and thoughtful way, speaking truthfully and honestly in a way to promote harmony.(If speech is not beneficial, keep silent). EIGHT-FOLD PATH (CONT’D) 2.Right Viewpoints/ Understanding: Having a right and positive outlook on life. 3. Right Thoughts: Thinking about life in the right way. EIGHT-FOLD PATH(CONT’D) Right Actions: Do not kill, steal or engage in unlawful sexual act. 5. Right Occupation/ Livelihood: Avoid working at any job that could harm, hurt, offend someone; earning. 4. EIGHT-FOLD PATH (CONT’D) 6. Right Effort: Heroically work to eliminate evil from the life. Through ones own effort develop good conduct and a clean mind. The right amount of effort needed to live a good life THE EIGHT-FOLD PATH (CONT’D) 7. Right Contemplation/ Awareness Make self aware of the deeds, words and thoughts, so that it may be free of desire and sorrow to live a good life. EIGHT-FOLD PATH (CONT’D) 8. Right Meditation/ Concentration: Train the mind to focus on a single object without wavering so as to develop a calm mind capable of concentration. Use meditation to achieve the goal. THE EIGHT-FOLD PATH/THREE-FOLD TRAINING The Path is further divided in three themes or disciplines called: ‘The Threefold Training’ 1 Morality/Good Moral Conduct – (Speech, Action, Livelihood) Abstain from: Sin of the body (murder, theft, lust) Sin of speech (lying, boasting, idle talk) Sin of the mind (covetousness, prejudice,) Avoid any action that might harm others. THREE-FOLD TRAINING CONT’D 2 Concentration – (Effort, Mindfulness/Awareness, Concentration) Fixing of the mind on one point which is achieved through specific techniques. No mortification of the body but cultivation of psychic skills. THREE-FOLD TRAINING CONT’D 3. Wisdom/Insight: (Views, Understanding, Intention) This is the most important because it is the means by which the mind is freed from impurities. This is not knowledge of facts, ideas, and emotionally held views. Wisdom is received from act of faith in the words of Buddha, from reasoning (think for self), and meditation. WHEEL OF DHARMA With the preaching of his first sermon, Sakyamuni ‘set in motion’ the Wheel Of Dharma. This comprises ‘The Four Noble Truths’ and ‘The Eight-fold Path’. THE DHARMA WHEEL The Dharma Wheel is also known as the ‘Wheel of Life’. It is an eight-spokes symbolic of the Buddha’s teaching to eliminate suffering and gain enlightenment. THE DHARMA WHEEL THE DHARMA WHEEL ASSESSMENT MATCH EACH WORD ON THE LEFT WITH ONE FROM THE RIGHT: Salvation Harmful work Speech Human work Action Focus on one thing Occupation Kill/steal Meditation Gossip ASSESSMENT Select the words from each set that relate to Part 5: 1. Nirvana, suffering, monastery, Sangha 2. Vehicles, wisdom, effort, Maya 3. Theravada, baskets, Dharma, meditation 4. Actions, sage, viewpoints, Ananda CHRISTIAN LINK Group Discussion CHRISTIAN LINK Use James 3: 5&8 to substantiate ‘Right Speech’ 2. Use Philippians 4: 8 to combat any concept of the ‘Eight-Fold Path’ 3. How would you associate Galatians 5: 22-23 with the ‘Eight-Fold Path’? 1. THANKS FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION UNTIL NEXT WEEK BE BLESSED!!