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Year 8 RE Knowledge Organiser: Unit 4- Evil and Suffering Lesson 1- What is evil? Good act- A positive act e.g. helping someone to wash up Bad act- Unethical/immoral act e.g. truanting from school Evil act- Something which causes suffering e.g. killing someone Lesson 2- Types of suffering Natural Evil- Suffering caused by nature e.g. hurricane, volcano Moral Evil- Suffering caused by humans e.g. assault, murder Lesson 3- Christian responses to suffering Lesson 4- Buddhist responses to suffering The Buddha realised the key to suffering from he achieved enlightenment whilst meditating underneath the Bodhi tree. He call these the Four Noble Truths: 1. The truth of suffering (Dukkha)- life is full of many types of suffering and often leaves us unfulfilled 2. The truth of the origin of suffering (Samudāya)- the root of all suffering is desire, this can be separated into the three roots of evil, these are the tree ultimate causes of suffering: •Greed and desire, represented in art by a rooster •Ignorance or delusion, represented by a pig •Hatred and destructive urges, represented by a snake 3. The truth of the cessation of suffering (Nirodha)- To overcome suffering, we must achieve Nirvana. Attaining nirvana - reaching enlightenment means extinguishing the three fires of greed, delusion and hatred 4. The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering (Magga)- The way to achieve Nirvana is to following the Eightfold Path: Right Understanding - Accepting Buddhist teachings Right Intention - A commitment to cultivate the right attitudes Right Speech - Speaking truthfully Right Action - Behaving peacefully and harmoniously Right Livelihood - Avoiding making a living in ways that cause harm Right Effort - Cultivating positive states of mind Right Mindfulness - Developing awareness of the body, sensations, feelings and states of mind Right Concentration - Developing the mental focus necessary for this awareness