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Unit 4 – The Planets
Key Terms and Matching Definitions
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Apollo
asteroid
Chicxulub crater
comet
Earth
Earth’s Moon
Europa
Galilean moons
Ganymede
Great Red Spot
Jupiter
Kirkwood gaps
Kuiper Belt
Io
Mars
Mercury
meteorite
Neptune
Olympus Mons
Oort Cloud
Pluto
Saturn
tidal forces
Titan
Uranus
Venus
1. Jupiter’s moons: Io, Europa, Callisto and Ganymede.
2. The difference in gravitational force over a body that causes
simultaneously squeezing and stretching.
3. The hottest planet due to a runaway greenhouse effect.
4. The furthest Jovian planet from the Sun.
5. Name of the space program that put the first humans on the Moon.
6. Formed by the impact of a Mars-sized body with proto-Earth.
7. The only moon in the solar system with a thick atmosphere.
8. A doughnut-shaped region outside the orbit of Pluto containing many
frozen comet bodies.
9. The planet with the most prominent ring system.
10. Any of the rocky objects larger than a few hundred meters in
diameter than orbit the Sun.
11. The Red Planet
12. The planet that rotates on its side.
13. The innermost planet in our solar system.
14. Only planet with large quantities of liquid water on the surface.
15. A fragment of space debris that has survived the plunge through
Earth’s atmosphere and landed on the Earth’s surface.
16. Largest planet in the solar system.
17. The tallest volcano in the Solar System.
18. Crater formed by an asteroid impact 65 million years ago.
19. A spherical region of frozen bodies that reside outside the Kuiper Belt.
20. The body renamed a dwarf planet; one reason being that it is neither a Terrestrial Planet nor a Jovian planet.
21. Gaps in the asteroid belt causes by the gravitational attraction of planets.
22. A storm on Jupiter that is 3 times larger than the Earth.
23. Most volcanically-active body in the solar system.
24. Largest moon in the solar system.
25. One of Jupiter’s moons with liquid water underneath its icy crust.
26. A small rocky icy body that forms a tail as it passes close to the Sun.