Download WHICh5Sec3-SpartaAthens-NoteSheets-2016

NAME:________________ REVIEW:
1. ____________________: Physical feature that all parts of Greece are close to
2. _____________________physical feature that covers much of Greece & makes it difficult to unite
3. ____________________-earliest Greek civilization-located on island of Crete.
4. _________ - _________-approximate dates of civilization on Crete, from _ to _
5. ____________________-myth that contains bits of truth about ancient Crete.
6. ____________________-Civilization on Crete was relatively peaceful/warlike?
7. ____________________-written language of the civilization on the island of Crete.
8. ____________________-term for paintings on wet plaster-many of these have been found on Crete.
9. ___________________ &_________________________: subjects of 2 of these paintings on Crete
10. ____________________-largest palace building on Crete
11. _________& ___________-important in the religion of ancient Crete
12. _____________________-What happened on the island of Thera about 1628BC
13. ____________________-Who invaded and took over Crete in about 1450BC
14. ____________________-earliest Greek civilization on the mainland of Greece
15. _______ - ___________-approximate date for this civilization
16. ____________________: written language of the civilization on mainland Greece
17. ____________________: was mainland Greece peaceful or warlike at this early time?
18. ____________________: largest city on mainland Greece at this time
19. ____________________________________________________: How mainland Greek society was divided at this time
20. ____________________: War fought by mainland Greeks around 1250BC
21. ____________________: Epic later written about this war, especially about the “wrath of Achilles”
22. ____________________: Epic later written about the homeward journey of one of the heroes of this war
23. ____________________: name of the man who wrote these epics (according to tradition)
24. ____________________: term for Greek period from about 1100BC-800BC
25. ____________________: important skill that was lost on Greece about 1100BC
26. ____________________: alphabet on which the new Greek alphabet, developed around 800BC, was modeled
27. _______________________________: What Greeks started doing around 750BC because of increased population
28. ____________-term for a Greek city state
29. ____________-term for the hill in the center of a Greek city state;____________-term for the market around the hill
30. ________________________________________: how a typical Greek felt about his own city state
31. ___________________, _________________, ________________: 3 things all Greeks had in common.
32. ____________________: King of the Greek Gods; ____________________: Queen of the Greek Gods
33. ____________________: most important oracle of the Greek world
34. ____________________: games started in 776BC, in honor of the king of the Greek gods
35. ___________________-term for rule by one person, a king.
36. ___________________-term for rule by a small group of land-owning nobles
37. ___________________-term for rule by a small group of very wealthy men.
38. ___________________-term for rule a man who took control of the government by gaining the support of the common
people.
39. ___________________-term for rule by all the male citizens
40. ___________________-term for a Greek foot soldier
41. ___________________-term for the Greek military formation in which the foot-soldiers were in close rows and columns
42. ___________________-the metal that the Greeks used for weapons, starting about 600BC
Ch5, Sec 4- Sparta
1. Where was Sparta located? What was the region around Sparta called? What do “spartan” and “laconic” mean in English?
2.
What was the primary focus of Spartan society?
3.
Name and describe the 3 social classes in Spartan society.
1)
2)
3)
4.
Describe the upbringing of a Spartan boy and life of a Spartan man, from birth through age 60. What was the training of a
Spartan boy called?
1)
birth
2)
0-7
3)
7-18
4)
18-20
5)
20-30
6)
30-60
7)
60+
5.
Describe the Spartan army. What qualities were the Spartans especially known for?
6.
Describe some aspects of daily life in Spartan society.
7.
8.
Describe the lives of Spartan girls and women.
Describe the Spartan government. Explain the 4 parts of the government.
1)
2)
3)
4)
NAME____________________
1. _____________________: Term for the upper class of Spartan society
2. _____________________: term for the people in Spartan society that were not slaves, but not full citizens
3. _____________________: term for the slaves of Sparta
4. ________________________________________: What Spartan society emphasized, for the upper class
5. _____________________: term for the educational system of upper class Spartan youth.
6. _____________________: Age when a Spartan youth left home.
7. ____________________: term for the “secret police” of Sparta, youths age 18-20.
8. ____________________: Age when a Spartan male typically got married
9. ___________________: Age when he began living with his wife
10. ___________________: Age when he retired from military service
11. ________________: two executive heads of Spartan government
12. _____________________: group that proposed laws & served as the criminal court
13. ________________: group that voted to accept or reject these proposed laws & policies
14. ________________: Group that carried out day to day government business, elected for 1 year terms;
Ch5, Sec 4 ATHENS:

List some of the values of the Spartans

List some of the values of the Athenians
1.
Where is Athens located?
2.
How did many Athenians earn a living?
3.
What was the name of the port of Athens?
4.
Describe the layout of Athens.
5.
What were the 3 main groups of Athenian society? Describe each one.
1)
2)
3)
6.
Who had full political rights in Athens?
7.
Who were the metics?
8.
What kind of government did Athens have in very early times, before about 800BC.
9.
What kind of government developed by about 700BC? Describe this kind of government.
10. Who could hold office in Athens under this kind of government during the aristocracy?
11. What role did ordinary adult male citizens play in this government aristocracy?
12. What was the term for the elected leaders of Athens who served 1 year terms?
13. Were the laws of Athens written before 621BC? Who complained about this?
14. Who wrote the first laws of Athens, around 621BC?
15. What was the general nature of these early laws? What does “draconian” mean today?
16. What social problems developed in the early 500sBC?
17. What was the name of the man who made laws about 594BC to help solve these social problems?
18. What economic reforms did this man Solon make in Athens?
19. What political reforms did Solon make? What does a “solon” mean today?
20. What was the name of the man who controlled Athenian politics from 546BC-527BC?
21. What social group supported the “tyrant” Peisistratus? How did he get their support? Would you have supported him?
1)
2)
3)
22. Did Peisistratus, improve, or harm the economy of Athens? How did the poor of Athens feel as a result of Peisistratus’s
rule?
23. Who tried to step into the shoes of Peisistratus after he died? How did this work out?
24. Who very briefly returned to power after the brief rule of this man’s sons?
25. Who took power in 507BC? What type of government did this man help turn Athens into?
26. What is the name of the council he created?
27. How did this man divide the citizens of Athens? How many men were chosen from each of these divisions for the council?
28. How long did the council members serve? What many times could they serve on the council?
29. What did the council do?
30. Who had final authority in Athens (voted on everything)?
31. Who was in the Assembly? What did the assembly do?
32. Who were the Archons? How were they chosen and what did they do?
33. How many people were on an Athenian jury?
34. How were the jury members chosen?
35. How did the jury vote?
36. Explain ostracism.
37. What kind of government did Athens have after 507BC?
38. What is the main difference between this Athenian government and our government in the U.S. today?
39. What politician was very important in Athens from 461BC-429BC? How did he try to make sure that even poor men
participated in government?
40. Who was Thucydides? Why is he often considered the greatest Greek historian?
41. Read the excerpt from funeral oration given by Pericles.
a.
What does it say about the constitution of Athens?
b.
What does it say about why Athens is called a democracy?
c.
What does it say about the laws?
d.
What does it say about social standing?
e.
What does it say about their freedom in ordinary life?
Ancient History Sourcebook:
Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): Pericles' Funeral Oration
from the Peloponnesian War (Book 2.34-46)
This famous speech was given by the Athenian leader Pericles after the first battles of the Peloponnesian war. It
was given at the funeral of Athenian soldiers killed in battle. Funerals after such battles were public rituals and
Pericles used the occasion to make a classic statement of the value of democracy. He is telling his audience what is
special about Athens ad what makes it worth dying for.
"Our constitution does not copy the laws of neighbouring states; we are rather a pattern to others than
imitators ourselves. Its administration favours the many instead of the few; this is why it is called a
democracy. If we look to the laws, they afford equal justice to all in their private differences; if to social
standing, advancement in public life depends on ability, class considerations not being allowed to interfere
with merit; nor again does poverty bar the way, if a man is able to serve the state, he is not hindered by
being poor.
The freedom which we enjoy in our government extends also to our ordinary life. There, far from exercising a
jealous surveillance over each other (“spying and snooping”), we do not feel called upon to be angry with our
neighbour for living the way he likes, or even to indulge in those injurious looks (“frowns and dirty looks”)
which cannot fail to be offensive, although they inflict no positive penalty.
But all this ease in our private relations does not make us lawless as citizens. Our fear of lawlessness and anarchy
teaches us to obey the magistrates and the laws, particularly such as regard the protection of the injured; we obey
the laws whether they are actually on the statute book, or belong to that code which, although unwritten, yet cannot
be broken without acknowledged disgrace.