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What is in Electronics? •Knowledge and Applications of the motion of Electrons (and Holes) in a Semiconductor under an applied Current or Voltage What is this Application? • To process signals (electrical current and voltage) to suit our needs What is this processing? Add, subtract, magnify, multiply, modify a known (or given) electrical signal to produce a desired outcome. Outcome? (Almost every sphere of modern human life has some electronics in it) Various forms of Outcome • Sending a picture from one place to another (Television, Weather images…) • Sending voice and music over great distances (radio, mobile phones..) • Modern ware-fare (radar, stealth fighting, unmanned aircrafts..) • Taking care of human (medical and surgical procedures..) health and well-being • Computers and data processing How the Outcomes Pervade Our Lives? (Electronic Systems and Applications) Area of Applications Examples Communications & Entertainments Radios, telephones, TV, CDs, Communication Satellites, Stereos, Military Communications, VCR, DVDs… Computers & Calculators Microprocessors, PCs, Supercomputers, Digital Circuits Automatic Control Systems Space vehicles, guided missiles, robotics, military machines, auto manufacturing Automotive Electronics Electronic ignition systems, antiskid braking systems, computation and display of performance, automatic suspension adjustment Radar Air traffic control, security systems, traffic law enforcement Integrated Circuits Design and fabrication of integrated circuits, BJT, MOS, CMOS, VLSI, DSP, Analog Filters Big Picture Small Picture • Basic Electronics – Electronics I (small picture) Magnification of Electrical Signal by Electronic Devices (Amplifier..) Linear Signal Processing Modification of Electrical Signal by Electronic Devices (Rectifier, Wave Shaper ..) Non-linear Signal Processing Electronic Devices? Diodes and Transistors