Download Periodic Table

The Periodic Table
History of the Periodic Table
 Dmitri
Mendeleev organized
elements according to their
increasing atomic mass and their
physical properties
 Lother Moseley arranged the
periodic table according to the
atomic number
Dmitri Mendeleev’s Table
Reading the Squares
 Each
square on the periodic table
represents one atom
 In each square it tells the following
information about each element
 Atomic
Number
 Atomic Mass
 Element Name
 Element Symbol
Reading the Periodic Table
 Each
horizontal row of elements (from
left to right) is called a period
 Elements follow a repeating pattern
as you move across the period
 Each period moves from metals to
nonmetals
Horizontal row is the
period
Reading the Periodic Table
 Each
column of elements (top to
bottom) are called a group
 Elements in the same group have
similar physical and chemical
properties
 Sometimes groups are called
families
Vertical column is the
group
Properties
 Determined
by the number of
electrons in the outer energy
level of the atom
 Same number in the outer shell
will be in same group
sodium
lithium
potassium
oxygen
K
oxygen
Corrode
Na
Reading the Periodic Table
 Elements
are classified as metals,
nonmetals and metalloids
 The zigzag line on the periodic table
helps you to recognize which
elements are metals, nonmetals and
metalloids
 The color of the element symbol tells
whether it is a solid, liquid or gas
Color your table as metals,
metalloids, and non-metals.
Metals
 Metals
are to the LEFT of the
zigzag line
 Most elements are metal
 Most metals are solid at
room temperature

Exception to the rule: Hg (mercury)
is liquid at room temperature
Metals
 Three
or fewer electrons in the
outer shell
 Good conductor of heat and
electricity
 Shiny luster
 Malleable
Nonmetals
 Nonmetals
are to the RIGHT
of the zigzag line
 Found as a solid and a gas

Exception: (Br) Bromine only liquid
non metal.
Nonmetals
 Five
or more electrons in the
outer shell
 Lack luster
 Does not conduct heat or
electricity
 Not malleable
Metalloids
 Elements
that border the
zigzag line
 Metalloids have some
properties of metals and
some properties of
nonmetals
Metalloid
 Has
properties of
both
 Found along the
zigzag line
 Example:
(Te)Tellurium