Download Tissues, organs and systems

Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
-1-
Biology workbook
Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
WORKBOOK 2 - TISSUES, ORGANS AND ORGAN SYSTEMS
The cells of multicellular organisms may differentiate and become adapted for specific
functions. Tissues are aggregations (collections) of similar cells; organs are
aggregations of tissues performing specific physiological functions.
Organs are organised into organ systems, which work together to form organisms.
Candidates should use their skills, knowledge and understanding to:
Develop an understanding of size and scale in relation to cells, tissues, organs
and organ systems.
Subject content - Animal organs
a) Large multicellular organisms develop systems for exchanging materials. During the
development of a multicellular organism, cells differentiate so that they can perform
different functions.
b) A tissue is a group of cells with similar structure and function. Examples of tissues
include:
■ muscular tissue, which can contract to bring about movement
■ glandular tissue, which can produce substances such as enzymes and hormones
■ epithelial tissue, which covers some parts of the body.
c) Organs are made of tissues. One organ may contain several tissues. The stomach is
an organ that contains:
■ muscular tissue, to churn the contents
■ glandular tissue, to produce digestive juices
■ epithelial tissue, to cover the outside and the inside of the stomach.
d) Organ systems are groups of organs that perform a particular function. The digestive
system is one example of a system in which humans and other mammals exchange
substances with the environment.
The digestive system includes:
■ glands, such as the pancreas and salivary glands, which produce digestive juices
■ the stomach and small intestine, where digestion occurs
■ the liver, which produces bile
■ the small intestine, where the absorption of soluble food occurs
■ the large intestine, where water is absorbed from the undigested food, producing
faeces.
Subject content: Plant organs
a) Plant organs include stems, roots and leaves.
b) Examples of plant tissues include:
■ epidermal tissues, which cover the plant
■ mesophyll, which carries out photosynthesis
■ xylem and phloem, which transport substances around the plant.
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Revise with your teacher tissues, organs and organ systems.
Watch the video or PowerPoint on tissues, organs and organ systems.
Write down the meaning of the word TISSUE:
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Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
Draw and label the following tissues to highlight how they are specialised to carry out
their function:
Muscular Tissue
Glandular Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
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Wellsway school science dept.
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Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
Write down the meaning of the word ORGAN:
List some examples of animal organs:
Draw a diagram of the stomach to show how it is specialised for churning & digesting
food, and for protecting itself from auto digestion (digesting its own wall!):
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Wellsway school science dept.
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Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
Write down the meaning of the word ORGAN SYSTEM:
Write down 4 examples of organ systems:
One important organ system is the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. Label the glands and organs
on the diagram below, and write down the function of each gland and organ in the box:
SALIVARY GLANDS
PANCREAS (a gland)
STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
LIVER
LARGE INTESTINE
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Wellsway school science dept.
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Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
Plant Organs.
a) Label the plant diagram to highlight the organs shown and complete the box below:
b) Label the leaf diagram to show the following tissues:
epidermal tissues (upper and lower),
■
mesophyll (palisade and spongy)
■
xylem and phloem
stomata (not tissues!)
■
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Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
c) Complete the table by adding the names of the tissues:
KEYWORDS: epidermis, mesophyll, palisade, phloem, spongy, stomata, xylem
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FUNCTION OF TISSUE
Carries out photosynthesis (main site)
Transports food substances around the plant
Covers and protects the outside of the plant
Transports water & minerals around the plant
Surrounded by air spaces – carries out some
photosynthesis
Pores which allow gas exchange with the air
NAME OF TISSUE
Well done – you have finished the Tissues, organs and organ systems workbook!
Useful web links & clips:
BBC Bitesize
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/organisms_behaviour_health/cells_systems/r
evise5.shtml
Revision World
http://www.revisionworld.co.uk/gcse/biology/cell-activity/cells-tissues-organs-and-systems
Quite advanced!
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/tissue.htm
Biology for kids – easier!
http://www.kidsbiology.com/biology_basics/cells_tissues_organs/structure_of_living_things1.php
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Glossary (muddled – sort them out!)
Cell
Tissue which can produce substances such as enzymes
and hormones
Epidermis
Simple organ which can secrete substances such as
enzymes and hormones
Epithelial tissue
Building block of all living things
Gland
Tissue which covers plants and forms a protective lining
Glandular tissue
Tissue which covers some parts of the body and forms a
protective lining
Large intestine
Collection of different tissues acting together to perform a
particular function
Liver
Tissue which can contract to bring about movement
Mesophyll
Organ which absorbs water from digested food and forms
faeces
Muscle tissue
Tissue which photosynthesises. Includes palisade and
spongy
Organ
Organ which produces bile
Organ system
Large gland under the stomach, which produces digestive
enzymes
Pancreas
Glands in the mouth which produce saliva
Phloem
Collection of different organs working together to perform a
particular function
Salivary gland
Organ which digests food and absorbs digested food into
the bloodstream
Small intestine
Plant tissue which transports dissolved foods around the
plant
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Wellsway school science dept.
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Glossary (continued)
Stomach
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Stomata
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Tissue
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Xylem
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Biology workbook
A group of cells specialised to carry out a particular
function
Plant tissue which transports water and mineral ions from
roots to the rest of the plant
Tiny pores on the underside of leaves which allow gaseous
exchange with the air
Large muscular bag specialised for churning food and
partly digesting proteins
Additional notes
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Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
Questions
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Biology workbook
Wellsway school science dept.
Curriculum 2011 – AQA Additional Science
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Biology workbook