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Accelerated Chemistry
Atomic Structure Activity
For this assignment, you will be doing some research about scientists who contributed to our current
understanding of the atom. There are many scientists whose discoveries paved the way for all of us who study
chemistry. You will work in groups of two or three and will be assigned one such scientist to research.
Ultimately, your goal is to create an electronic presentation that details the contribution to the development of a
model of the atom that your scientist made.
For each of the following scientists state
1.
2.
3.
4.
the problem with the previous model
the experimental design used (if any)
the evidence (data) that led to a change in the previous model
how each scientist developed a new atomic model that
a.
incorporated the new evidence OR
b.
resolved a flaw in the previous model
You should also find out some interesting tidbits about the scientist's life and weave those into the story you are
telling about your assigned contributor. This is the one opportunity you have in chemistry to be colorful, so take
advantage of it!
Two class periods will be devoted to preparing your story. On the third day, all groups will tell their story to the
class and we will create a timeline of contributions and we will trace the "model" of the atom through its
historical development.
You will be graded on the quality of your presentation and accompanying diagrams as well as how well you
know your story. During the presentations of other groups, you will be expected to pay attention, take notes and
contribute to this whole class discussion.
Scientists:
Robert Millikan—Millikan Oil Drop Experiment
Ernest Rutherford—Gold Foil Experiment
Max Planck—Energy Discovery (Planck’s Hypothesis)
Albert Einstein—Photoelectric Effect
Niels Bohr—New Model of the atom
Werner Heisenberg—Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Henry Mosley—Atomic Number
James Chadwick—Neutron
FW Aston—Mass Spectrometer
Grading Rubric: (50 pts.)—Test/Quiz Category
Scientist Background (5 pts.)
Country of origin; schooling, age at discovery, other research and scientific discoveries, other
scientists he worked with, any unusual facts or other interests of the scientist.
Experiment
Purpose of the scientists work. ( 5 pts.)
Detail what the scientist was trying to solve. What question did he have and answer?
Computer Illustration or Simulation ( 5pts.)
Illustration/Simulation explains experiment correctly
Scale is large enough to see and interpret
The group can explain all parts of the simulation/illustration.
Explanation (10 pts.)
Explain the purpose of the experiment. In other words, explain what the scientist was seeking to
know.
Explain the experiment set-up and important parts of the set-up as well as key interactions among
particles in the experiment
Includes a complete understanding of the results of the experiment.
Conclusion (10 pts.)
Connect the experimental results to how the results improved our understanding of the atom
Covered all the conclusions from the experiment
Relate findings from the specific experiment to all atoms.
Presentation Delivery (5 pts)
Effective delivery of information including good eye contact with class (not just me), an enthusiastic
voice and being an overall effective communicator.
Individual Grade (10 pts.)
Students in each group will grade the effort and contribution made by each other member.
I will also give each person a grade based on effort I see in class on work days.
Useful URL’s
Timeline (View the proper sequence of the evolution of the model of the atom.)
http://atomictimeline.net/index.php
Here is an overview of the development of the modern model of the atom
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/lines2.html
JJ Thomson’s Model
http://atomic-molecular-optical-physics.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_discovery_of_the_electron
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Bios/Thomson.shtml
http://www.chemheritage.org/classroom/chemach/atomic/thomson.html
http://www.chemteam.info/AtomicStructure/Thomson-Model-Intro.html
Rutherford’s Model
Follow the instructions while viewing this simulation of Rutherford’s experiment.
http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/ruther14.swf
Here is another simulation that illustrates the Gold Foil experiment.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/rutherford/
Which atomic model is used to illustrate the experiment ?
Why is this atomic model used instead of the Thompson’s (previous model)?
More information on Rutherford’s Model
http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/timeline//pages/1911.html
Bohr’s Model
http://science.sbcc.edu/physics/solar/sciencesegment/bohratom.swf
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp13at.html
http://chemistry.about.com/od/atomicstructure/a/bohr-model.htm
What were the limitations of Rutherford’s atomic model that prompted Bohr to propose additional features?
Contributors
Robert Millikan—added to our knowledge of electrons
http://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/millikanoildrop.html
http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/212_fall2003.web.dir/Ryan_McAllister/Slide3.htm
View this video:
http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation.php?ani=186&cat=chemistry
Max Planck—contributed to Bohr Model
http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Physics-Max-Planck.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp00qu.html
https://www.boundless.com/chemistry/introduction-to-quantum-theory/the-nature-of-light/planck-squantum-theory/
Albert Einstein—Contributed to Bohr Model
http://www.aip.org/history/einstein/essay-photoelectric.htm
http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae24.cfm
http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/E/Einstein_and_photoelectric_effect.html
Werner Heisenberg—what did it do to Bohr Model?
http://aip.org/history/heisenberg/p08.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp27un.html
http://theconversation.com/explainer-heisenbergs-uncertainty-principle-7512
Henry Mosley
http://www.chemteam.info/AtomicStructure/AtNum-AtWtThread.html
http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes/Periodic/Develop/Period01.htm
http://www.chemteam.info/AtomicStructure/AtNum-Moseley.html
http://www.tutorvista.com/content/physics/physics-iv/atoms-and-nuclei/moseleys-law.php
http://www.sooperarticles.com/technology-articles/moseleys-discovery-modern-concept-atomic-number327.html
James Chadwick
http://atomic-molecular-optical-physics.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_discovery_of_the_neutron
http://www.thocp.net/biographies/chadwick_james.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp32ne.html
http://www.vias.org/physics/bk2_05_05.html
http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/neutron/neutron1_1.htm
FW Aston
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/massspec.html
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/atoms/faq/how-does-mass-spec-work.shtml
http://www.chemheritage.org/research/policy-center/oral-history-program/projects/mass-spectrometry.aspx
Grading Rubric: (50 pts.)—Test/Quiz Category
Scientist Background (5 pts.)
Country of origin; schooling, age at discovery, other research and scientific discoveries, other
scientists he worked with, any unusual facts or other interests of the scientist.
Experiment
Purpose of the scientists work. ( 5 pts.)
Detail what the scientist was trying to solve. What question did he have and answer?
Computer Illustration or Simulation ( 5pts.)
Illustration/Simulation explains experiment correctly
Scale is large enough to see and interpret
The group can explain all parts of the simulation/illustration.
Explanation (10 pts.)
Explain the purpose of the experiment. In other words, explain what the scientist was seeking to
know.
Explain the experiment set-up and important parts of the set-up as well as key interactions among
particles in the experiment
Includes a complete understanding of the results of the experiment.
Conclusion (10 pts.)
Connect the experimental results to how the results improved our understanding of the atom
Covered all the conclusions from the experiment
Relate findings from the specific experiment to all atoms.
Presentation Delivery (5 pts)
Effective delivery of information including good eye contact with class (not just me), an enthusiastic
voice and being an overall effective communicator.
Individual Grade (10 pts.)
Students in each group will grade the effort and contribution made by each other member.
I will also give each person a grade based on effort I see in class on work days.