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Science 8
Unit 2
Astronomy
Name: ______________________________
Date: ______________ Period: __________
Sec. 13.2 The Inner Solar System has Rocky Planets
Label the diagram with the names of the inner planets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Sun
Write the planet or planets the statement describes.
___________________________ 5. Has a rocky surface
___________________________ 6. 70% is covered with water
___________________________ 7. Rotates in the opposite direction from most other planets and moons
___________________________ 8. Called the ‘red planet’ because of the color of the dust
___________________________ 9. Has at least one moon
___________________________ 10. Similar to each other in size, density, and internal structure
___________________________ 11. Has almost no atmosphere
___________________________ 12. Atmosphere so thick and heavy that it would crush a human
___________________________ 13. Has a tilted axis so that the planet has seasons
___________________________ 14. Atmosphere has low air pressure and is mostly carbon dioxide
___________________________ 15. Which planet has a day about as long as a day on Earth?
16. Rank the inner planets in order according to diameter from smallest to largest.
_________________, _________________, _________________, _________________
17. What are the four types of processes that shape each planet’s rocky crust?
_________________, _________________, _______________________________, _________________
18. How does a planet’s atmosphere help to keep the planet warm? ______________________________________
Define each term.
19. terrestrial planet: _______________________________________________________________________
20. retrograde rotation: _____________________________________________________________________
21. greenhouse effect: ______________________________________________________________________
22. tectonics: ______________________________________________________________________________
23. volcanism: ____________________________________________________________________________
24. weathering & erosion: ____________________________________________________________________
MERCURY:
25. Most of the gases Mercury once had in its atmosphere apparently escaped into space. TRUE or FALSE
26. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about Mercury
a. Mercury’s surface has many craters
b. Mercury has no moons
c. The interior of Mercury is composed mostly of the element mercury
d. Mercury is the planet closest to the sun.
27. Why does Mercury have a greater range of temperatures than any other planet? What are the temperatures
like?__________________________________________________________________________________
VENUS:
28. Why is Venus sometimes called Earth’s twin? ________________________________________________
29. Circle the letter of the gas that makes up most of Venus’ atmosphere.
a. oxygen
c. sulfuric acid
b. nitrogen
d. carbon dioxide
30. Why type of rotation does Venus have? _____________________________________________________
31. The atmosphere of Venus is so thick that it never has a sunny day. TRUE or FALSE
32. The trapping of heat by the atmosphere of Venus is called the ____________________________________
EARTH:
33. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about Earth.
a.
About 70 percent of its surface is covered with water
b.
Its atmosphere extends about 1 km above its surface
c.
Most of the atmosphere is composed of oxygen
d.
No other planet in the solar system has oceans like it
34. What are the three main layers of Earth? ________________, ________________, and _______________
35. What is Earth’s dense inner core made of? ________________________________
MARS:
36. The atmosphere of Mars is mostly the gas ___________________________________________________.
37. There are no canals on Mars. TRUE or FALSE
38. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about Mars.
a.
The rocks on Mars are covered with a rusty dust.
b.
Mars has seasons because it is tilted on its axis.
c.
Mars has many large oceans on its surface.
d.
Mars has giant volcanoes on its surface.
39. What are the names of Mars’ two moons? _______________________ and ____________________