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Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ______________________________ EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION Web Quest Go to: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/lines_01" 1. Go%to%Fossil%Evidence% Fossil"evidence"clearly"shows"that"__________________________________________________________."" % What"did"“tongue"stones”"actually"end"up"being?"___________________________."" " Iguanodon The"discover"of"iguanodon"teeth"sent"a"powerful"message"that"__________________________________" _____________________________________________________________________________________." " Each"new"fossil"contains"addiKonal"clues"that"______________________________________________"and" help"us"to"_______________________________________."" Examples"Include:"" • IndicaKon"of"_______________________" • With"which"exKnct"organism"did"the"ammonite"fossil"have"an"interacKon"with?"And"how"do"we" ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" know"of"these"interacKons?"______________________________________________________" _____________________________________________________________________________."" • Clues"at"the"________________"level"" • What"can"we"tell"from"the"fossilized"bone"of"the"duck"bill"dinosaur"Maiasaura?"______________" _____________________________________________________________________________." Click"on"the"“next”"icon"(TransiKonal"Forms)" 2.%Transi5onal%Forms" ___________"or"__________________"that"show"the"__________________"states""between"an" ____________"form"and"that"of"its"__________________"are"referred"to"as"_________________" ____________."" " How"do"we"know"that'Pakicetus'is"related"to"whales"and"dolphins?"_______________________________" ____________________________________________________________."" " What"was"the"transiKonal"form"between"Pakicetus"and"modern"day"whales?"Why"does"this"make"sense"as" far"as"nostril"locaKon?"___________________________________________________________________" " ________________________________________________________________ " ________________________________________________________________."" " Pakicetus How"does"the"diagram"depicKng"the"evoluKon"of"the"eohippus"into"the""modern"day"horse"include" transiKonal"forms?"______________________________________________________________________" ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" _______________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________."" " Click"on"the"“next”"icon"(Homologies)" " " " Copyright 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”). All rights reserved. 3.%Homologies% EvoluKonary"theory"predicts"that"organisms"will"___________"______________"that"are"derived"from" ____________"_____________."Similar"characterisKcs"due"to"relatedness"are"known"as"________________." % " Homologies"can"be"revealed"by:"" • Comparing"the"________________"of"different"living"things." • Looking"at"______________"similariKes"and"differences."" • Studying"___________________"development." • Studying"______________"_____________"within"individual"organisms."" Even"though"four"different"types"of"leaves"pictured"are"very"different,"why"are"they"considered"homologies" (homologous"structures)?"_________________________________________________________________" _______________________________________________________________________."" " Why"are"the"forelimbs"of"frogs,"birds,"rabbits"and"lizards"considered"homologous?"_____________________" ____________________________________________________________________________________."" " Click"on"the"“next”"icon"(Homologies:"Anatomy)" " ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" 4.%Homologies:%Anatomy" Click"on"the"link"that"says"“vesKgial”"to"get"a"popXup"definiKon." VesKgial"structure:"a"______________"that"an"organism"______________"from"its"_____________,"but"that" is"now"_______"____________"and"______________"than"in"the"ancestor."Usually,"____________"structures" are"formed"when"a"lineage"experiences"a"different"set"of"____________"___________"than"its"ancestors," and"selecKon"to"maintain"the"elaboraKon"and"funcKon"of"the"feature"_____"or"is"___________"__________."" " Why"are"“dewclaws”"considered"vesKgial"structures?"____________________________________________" _______________________________________________________________________________________." "Click"on"the"“next”"icon" " 5.%Homologies:%Compara5ve%Anatomy%% Organisms"that"are"closely"related"to"each"other"share"many"_______________."" " Dewclaw How"are"whales"and"hummingbirds"related?"___________________________________________________" ____________________________________________________________________________________."" " " 6.%Homologies:%Developmental%Biology% During"some"stages"of"development,"organisms"exhibit"_____________"features"in"__________"or" _____________"form." " Name"two"reasons"why"we"can"tell"that"snakes"had"ancestors"with"hind"legs:"_________________________" _____________________________________________________________."" " ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" Baleen"whales"(toothless"whales)"possess"__________"in"the"early"________"stage"and"lose"them"before" birth;"this"provides"evidence"of"____________"_____________"with"toothed"whales"and"other"mammals."" Copyright 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”). All rights reserved. 7.%Homologies:%Cellular%and%Molecular%Evidence% The"Cellular"Level" Are"plant"and"animal"cells"more"alike"than"they"are"differentX"or"–"more"different"than"they"are"alike?"Explain" your"reasoning:"__________________________________________________________________________" ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________."" " The"Molecular"Level" Do"humans"share"DNA"with"roundworms?"What"might"this"suggest?"______________________________" _______________________________________________________________________."" " The"DNA"code"is"a"homology"that"___________________________________________________________." " " 8.%Chronology% The"age"of"the"Earth"and"its"inhabitants"have"been"determined"through"two"lines"of"evidence:" 1.%___________%_________:%places"fossils"in"a"temporal"sequence"by"noKng"their"__________"in"_________" of"__________,"known"as"_________."" ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" " Using"the"diagram"at"right,"label"which"layer"would"be"the"oldest,"and" " which"layer"would"be"the"youngest."" " 2."__________"daKng:"relies"on"the"_________"of"______________"elements" " Which"of"the"two"methods"gives"us"specific"ages"of"fossils"and"rocks?"" _____________________________" " " 9.%GeographyK%The"______________"of"living"things"on"the"globe"provides"informaKon"about"both"the"past" histories"and"the"___________"of"the"Earth."" % Explain"the"distribuKon"of"Marsupials"from"their"place"of"origin"to"their"current"locaKons:"_______________" ________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________."" " " 10."Ar5ficial%Selec5onK%Though"all"domesKcated"dog"species"are"direct"descendants"of"wolves,"it"is"nearly" impossible"to"tell"due"to"the"arKficial"selecKon"that"humans"have"performed"(that’s"why"German"Shepherds," ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" Bulldogs,"Chihuahuas,"etc."are"so"different.""What"does"arKficial"selecKon"tell"us"about"selecKon?"_________" ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________."" % % 11.%EcologyK%Give"an"example"of"how"ecology"(specifically"the"environment"in"which"a"species"lives)"can" change"a"species:"_________________________________________________________________________" ________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________."% Click"on"the"“next”"icon"(Experiments)" % % 12.%Experiments%% Guppies"in"Trinidad" In"a"populaKon"of"guppies"found"in"Trinidad,"female"guppies"prefer"colorful"males,"however,"colorful"males" were"also"easily"seen"by"____________."" Some"parts"of"the"stream"where"the"guppies"lived"had"fewer"predators"than"others."The"parts"that"had" fewer"predators"had"(circle"one)"["more"|"less"]"colorful"males."Males"in"locaKons"with"more"predators"were" (circle"one)"["more"|"less"]"colorful."" % " What"happened"when"Dr."John"Endler"transferred"predatory"fish"to"the"regions"with"more"colorful"male" guppies?"______________________________________________________________________________" " This"demonstrates"that"persistent"___________"within"a"populaKon"provides"the"raw"material"for"rapid" ___________"when"______________"____________"________."" " " " ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" 13."Nested%Hierarchies% Nested"hierarchies"is"a"term"biologists"use"to"describe"how"groups"of"related"organisms"share"suites"of" ___________"____________"and"the"number"of"shared"traits"__________"with"______________."" " In"the"diagram"(cladogram),"which"is"most"closely"related"to"snakes?"_________________" Birds?"____________________" Chimpanzees?"______________" " Are"snakes"more"closely"related"to"birds,"or"whales?"______________" Are"crocodiles"more"closely"related"to"lizards"or"camels?"_______________" ©"2015"Vanessa"Jason"(“Biology"Roots”)" " In"this"diagram,"what"determines"how"closely"related"an"organism"is?"_______________________________" _______________________________________________________________________________________."" " " Copyright 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”). All rights reserved.