Download 414766799-Control-Plan-Fmea

6/4/2019
Quality Management (QM)
Generated on: 2019-06-04
SAP ERP | 6.17.17
PUBLIC
Warning
This document has been generated from the SAP Help Portal and is an incomplete version of the official SAP product
documentation. The information included in custom documentation may not re ect the arrangement of topics in the SAP Help
Portal, and may be missing important aspects and/or correlations to other topics. For this reason, it is not for productive use.
For more information, please visit the SAP Help Portal.
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Quality Planning (QM-PT)
Purpose
Quality planning enables you to manage basic data for quality and inspection planning and to plan quality inspections with the
help of inspection plans and material speci cations.
Implementation Considerations
The Quality planning component allows you to:
Manage quality information for materials, vendors, manufacturers and customers
Monitor the QM systems of vendors and manufacturers
Plan a source inspection at the vendor’s premises and trigger this inspection before the delivery date.
Plan inspections for goods receipt, stock transfers, for production orders, for prede ned inspection points, in shipping
when deliveries are created and plan recurring inspections
Plan inspection operations in work processes
Integration
The integration of the Quality planning component in the SAP system allows quality planning tasks to be combined with those of
other components such as materials management, batch management, inventory management, variant con guration and cost
accounting.
Features
Quality inspection covers the following functions:
Master data management (material master, catalogs, selected sets, master inspection characteristics, class
characteristics, inspection methods, sampling procedures, sampling schemes, dynamic modi cation rules, sampledrawing procedures, QM work centers).
Inspection planning (inspection plans, reference operation sets, material speci cations).
Control mechanisms for:
Quality inspections (for example, inspection setup, QM-speci c data in the material master, QM order, batch
management, serial number processing).
QM in procurement (for example, quality info record in procurement, quality assurance agreements in
procurement).
QM in production (for example, inspecting by batch, serial number processing, inspection of variant products).
QM in Sales and Distribution (for example quality info record in sales, quality assurance agreements in sales,
technical delivery terms).
Inspection Planning (QM-PT-IP)
Purpose
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You use the inspection planning functions to de ne inspection criteria (for example, material to be inspected, how the
inspection is to take place, characteristics to be inspected, required test equipment, work center and inspection speci cations).
The system contains the following inspection planning options:
You can use task lists ( inspection plans , routings , rate routings , master recipes , and maintenance task lists ) to de ne
inspection characteristics, their assignment to inspection operations and the test equipment to be used. This enables
you to inspect materials at a quality inspection.
The material speci cation allows you to structure simple inspection planning procedures at client level.
Note
You can carry out a quality inspection without an inspection plan or material speci cation using an inspection lot.
You de ne the parameters for inspection planning in the inspection setup (Quality management view of the material
master).
Implementation Considerations
Inspection operations are increasingly integrated in the production operations. The SAP system offers you inspection plans for
different uses, for example, model inspection, goods receipt inspection, goods issue inspection, material inspection and audit.
The system takes the task list usage that you de ned into account when selecting task lists.
Integration
In the inspection plan, you de ne the inspection operations, the inspection characteristics to be inspected and the test
equipment to be used. The inspection plan that is included in the QM component is related to the routing and the rate routing in
the Production (PP) component and to the master recipe in the Process Industry (PP-PI) component. These task list types only
differ slightly, with respect to the inspection planning functions.
For inspections in production, you do not need to additionally maintain inspection plans. The inspection characteristics are
de ned in the routings, rate routings or master recipes. You can assign the characteristics to the production operations
themselves, or to the operations intended for inspection.
In inspection planning, you can reference the following master data:
QM-speci c data
Material speci cation
Inspection plans
Master inspection characteristics
Inspection methods
Code groups and selected sets
Sampling procedure
Sampling schemes
Dynamic modi cation rules
Quality documents
Quality info records
Other master data
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Material master records
Data from the classi cation
Vendor master records
Customer master records
Customer info records
Test equipment master records
Work centers
Routings
Rate routings
Reference operation sets
Master recipes
Maintenance task lists
Visual Inspection Planning (QM-PT-VP)
Visual inspection planning is an enhancement for the existing Quality Management processes by supporting creation of
inspection plans from 3D models. The product manufacturing information (PMI) in the 3D model of the material is used to
derive the task list. The PMI conveys non-geometric attributes in 3D CAD necessary for manufacturing product components and
assemblies. PMI may include geometric dimensions and tolerances, 3D annotations and dimensions, surface nish, and material
speci cations.
In the previous process, the derivation of inspection characteristics was based on 2D drawings derived from 3D design data and
was usually distributed over different systems:
CAD 3D system
Derivation of 2D drawing in the CAD 3D system and export the 2D data in a neutral format (for example, dxf, and so on)
Tagging of measures and exporting the metadata (measures including tolerances) to a text format le
Derivation of inspection characteristics and interface to SAP
The new process will have the following enhancements:
Direct use of 3D data, no derivation of 2D data necessary
No deployment of third party software, only VE based conversion via VEG or VEA into .rh or .vds le format is necessary.
You can create, edit, and display task lists using the transactions QPC1, QPC2, and QPC3 respectively. You use the visual
inspection planning functions to de ne inspection criteria (for example, material to be inspected, how the inspection is to take
place, characteristics to be inspected, required test equipment, work center, and inspection speci cations) by transferring PMI
to the inspection plan.
The inspection plans created in transactions QPC1, QPC2, and QPC3 can be modi ed in existing QM inspection plan transaction
QP02 for adding additional features to the task list.
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Inspection Planning using the Engineering
Workbench
Purpose
You use the inspection planning functions to de ne inspection criteria (for example, material to be inspected, how the
inspection is to take place, characteristics to be inspected, required test equipment, work center and inspection speci cations).
The system contains the following inspection planning options:
You can use task lists ( inspection plans , routings , rate routings , master recipes , and maintenance task lists ) to de ne
inspection characteristics, their assignment to inspection operations and the test equipment to be used. This enables you to
inspect materials at a quality inspection.
Implementation Considerations
Inspection operations are increasingly integrated in the production operations. The system offers you inspection plans for
different uses, for example, model inspection, goods receipt inspection, goods issue inspection, material inspection and audit.
You can save time, if you use the Engineering Workbench to create these inspection plans. The system takes the task list usage
that you de ned into account when selecting task lists.
Integration
In the inspection plan, you determine the inspection operations, the inspection characteristics to be inspected in each
operation, the test equipment to be used and the criteria for sample determination. The inspection plan that is included in the
QM component is related to the routing and the rate routing in the Production (PP) component and to the master recipe in the
Process Industry (PP-PI) component. These task list types only differ slightly, with respect to the inspection planning functions.
For inspections in production, you do not need to additionally maintain inspection plans. The inspection characteristics are
de ned in the routings, rate routings or master recipes. You can assign the characteristics to the production operations
themselves, or to the operations intended for inspection.
In inspection planning, you can reference the following master data:
QM-speci c data
Material speci cation
Inspection plans
Master inspection characteristics
Inspection methods
Code groups and selected sets
Sampling procedure
Sampling schemes
Dynamic modi cation rules
Quality documents
Quality info records
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Other master data
Material master records
Data from the classi cation
Vendor master records
Customer master records
Customer info records
Test equipment master records
Work centers
Routings
Rate routings
Reference operation sets
Master recipes
Maintenance task lists
Inspection plans
Purpose
You can create inspection plans for different uses (for example, model inspection, carrying out an audit, preliminary series
inspection, goods receipt inspection, goods issue inspection, inspection of stock transfers, inspections in repetitive
manufacturing.
Integration
The SAP system uses task lists as a planning and processing tool. In the SAP system, you can inspect with or without a task list.
If you use a task list, you can include inspection speci cations in the production processes. Different task list types are used for
planning purposes in the SAP system, depending on the application component:
In production (application component PP)
Routings
Rate routings
Reference operation sets
In the process industry (application component PP-PI)
Master recipes
In plant maintenance (application component PM)
Maintenance task lists
In quality management (application component QM)
Inspection plans
Reference operation sets
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The inspection plan is related to the rate routing and the master recipe. These task list types only differ slightly, with respect to
the inspection planning functions.
For inspections in production, you do not need to additionally process inspection plans. The inspection characteristics are
de ned in routings (inspection during production), rate routings, master recipes (inspection during production in the process
industry) or maintenance task lists (calibration inspection).
When you create an inspection plan, you can copy or link to a reference operation set (describes frequently-used operations but
is not assigned to a material).
Features
You use an inspection plan to de ne which characteristics are to be inspected in each inspection operation and which
test equipment is to be used in the inspection.
You use an inspection plan, for example, to carry out a model, goods issue, goods receipt or recurring inspection.
You can collate inspection plans in task list groups.
The inspection plan is divided into the elements inspection plan header, inspection operation, inspection characteristic
and test equipment as a production resource/tool.
Note
The task list types used in production contain other elements, such as, alternative operation sequences and material
components.
In the inspection plan header, you can de ne general data, (for example, planner group, task list usage, task list status,
information for dynamic modi cation, inspection points, physical-sample drawing).
You can assign several materials to an inspection plan. You can create several inspection plans with different inspection
operations or inspection characteristics for a material or a combination of material, vendor and manufacturer, or
material and customer.
You can assign an inspection plan to several vendors or customers.
Plans are subject to engineering change management. The system manages separate change statuses for each
structural element in the plan. Therefore, you can check at any time how a plan looked at a particular key date.
Inspection Planning with Inspection Plans
Use
Inspection plans help you to describe how a quality inspection of one or several materials is to take place. In the inspection plan,
you de ne the sequence of inspection operations and the range of speci cations available for inspecting inspection
characteristics.
Integration
You can integrate the following master data in your inspection plans:
QM-speci c data
Master inspection characteristics to standardize the de nition of the characteristics to be inspected.
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Inspection methods , to de ne the procedures used in the inspections.
Code groups and selected sets , to de ne codes for results recording.
Sampling procedures for sample determination.
Dynamic modi cation rules , to change inspection scopes based on the expected quality level.
Other master data
Reference operation sets , to structure operations and inspection characteristics.
Work center , to de ne where the inspection is to take place. The work center is also used to settle appraisal costs .
Production resources/tools , to de ne the test equipment to be used. Inspection planning must ensure that the test
equipment required for an inspection is available or can be obtained.
Change master record , with which you can manage various change statuses.
Classes in the class system , to classify inspection plans.
Scheduling, to check the expected run time and modify it if necessary.
Material master for the materials that are inspected with the inspection plan.
Vendor master records , to assign an inspection plan to a material in conjunction with a vendor.
Customer master records , to assign an inspection plan to a material in conjunction with a customer.
Sampling schemes for sample determination.
Info records for combinations of material and vendor, or of material, customer and sales organization or purchasing data.
Features
The inspection plan has a similar structure to that of the routing. Inspection characteristics and test equipment (production
resources/ tools) are assigned to one or more operations, which are in turn assigned to the inspection plan header.
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Inspection Plan Header
The structure of the inspection plan header is similar to that of the routing. The information de ned in the plan header serves
as the speci cation for the entire plan. The following information is de ned in the plan header:
General plan data (for example, task list group, group counter, plant, task list usage, plan status, planner group
responsible, validity of the plan for a certain lot-size range, old plan number)
Information about dynamic modi cation and inspection points (for example, de nition of inspection points, sampledrawing procedure, dynamic modi cation level, dynamic modi cation rule, dynamic modi cation criteria).
Information about external numbering in results recording.
Information about engineering change management (for example, change rule, change type).
Administrative data (for example, change number, validity period, creator, created on, changed by, changed on and date
last archived).
You can enter a long text for the task list header to describe the inspection plan in detail.
Material-Task List Assignments
You assign one or more materials to the inspection plan. The structure of the material-task list assignments is also similar to
that of the operations in a routing. You determine:
Which material or materials of which plant are to be inspected with the actual task list
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Inspection Operation
You assign one or more inspection operations to the inspection plan header. At the operation level, you de ne:
How the inspection is to take place
The work center for the inspection
The sequence in which the inspections are to take place
Default values (such as base quantity, unit of measure, conversion of units of measure (header/operation)
Data for controlling results recording
Information about the inspection point (reference, inspection point completion)
Values for calculating appraisal costs
User-speci c elds
Inspection Characteristic
You can assign several inspection characteristics to each inspection operation. At inspection characteristic level, you de ne:
What is to be inspected (characteristic number, short text, long text and master inspection characteristic, if required)
Characteristic type (quantitative or qualitative inspection characteristic)
Characteristic category (required characteristic, optional characteristic, conditional characteristic)
Controls for results recording
Control indicators for the inspection characteristic
Quantitative data for the quantitative characteristic
Characteristic attributes (catalog type 1) for the qualitative inspection characteristic
Other catalogs
Test equipment to be used (one for each inspection characteristic)
Inspection method to be used (one for each inspection characteristic)
Sampling procedure to be used (one for each inspection characteristic)
Dynamic modi cation rule to be used (one for each inspection characteristic)
For inspection characteristics in an operation, you can de ne the following dependencies:
Whether a characteristic (conditional characteristic) is to be inspected, based on whether the previous characteristic
has been accepted or rejected.
Whether the sample size for a characteristic (dependent characteristic) is to be dynamically modi ed using a leading
characteristic.
Whether the system is to calculate the characteristic value for a characteristic (calculated characteristic) using data
from other characteristics that have been previously valuated.
Dependent characteristic speci cations
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You can assign dependent characteristic speci cations to each inspection characteristic. On the dependent characteristic
speci cation level you de ne for qualitative or quantitative inspection characteristics:
Material/vendor-speci c dependent characteristic speci cations and/or
Material/customer-speci c dependent characteristic speci cations
The relevant material/vendor or material/customer combination has to be assigned to the inspection plan.
Test equipment
You can assign several items of test equipment to each inspection operation, but only one to each inspection characteristic. On
the test equipment level you de ne:
The test equipment (as production resources/tools) that is required for the inspection described in the operation
The test equipment (as production resources/tools) that is required for the inspection of the inspection characteristic
Processing of Inspection Plans/Reference
Operation Sets
Purpose
You use inspection plans to process a quality inspection in Quality Management (QM). You use reference operation sets as copy
models or references.
Prerequisites
If you want to copy an inspection plan/reference operation set, there must be at least one inspection plan or reference
operation set already in the system.
If you want to use master records in the inspection plan (for example, material, master inspection characteristics,
catalogs, inspection methods or work centers), these must exist and be released in the system.
For inspection plans or reference operation sets that require history, the corresponding change master record must
have been created.
A released change order must have been created for inspection plans or reference operation sets requiring approval.
The revision level of the material to be inspected must exist for inspection plans that are to be assigned to a revision
level.
Process Flow
1. You call up the transaction for processing task lists and select a working area .
Note
If you work with user-speci c roles, the work area screen is not displayed. Instead, a selection screen appears.
You can use the same transaction for creating, changing or displaying a new object (for example, task list header, inspection
characteristic, test equipment).
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You enter the selection period and the selection criteria for the objects to be displayed or processed. There are two screens
available with different selection criteria for this selection.
If you want to change existing objects, you must enter a change number in the screen section Process using .
If you change existing objects, these objects are loaded from the database into your worklist and are locked against the
access by other users (indicated by the lock symbol).
1. You switch to the required level of the object (for example, task list header level, operation level inspection characteristic
level).
2. If you want to create a new object, enter a key for the required object in the context block.
3. You process the header data in the inspection plan or reference operation set.
4. You process the inspection operations in the inspection plan or reference operation set.
5. You assign inspection characteristics to the inspection operations.
6. If necessary, you perform the following steps (in any order):
You assign data at header and operation level.
You assign one or more materials (only for the inspection plan).
You process inspection characteristics .
You de ne material/customer/vendor-speci c default values (dependent characteristic speci cations) for an inspection
characteristic.
You assign test equipment at operation, characteristic level, or both (as production resources/ tools). You must however
note that you can assign several items of test equipment to an operation, but can only assign one item of test
equipment to an inspection characteristic.
You assign QM basic data at operation, characteristic level, (or both).
You determine the work center, at which the inspection takes place.
1. You release the inspection plan or reference operation set.
2. You save the inspection plan or reference operation set.
Note
If you want to delete an inspection plan or reference operation set, in the task list overview, select the inspection plan or
reference operation set to be deleted and choose Delete.
Creating and Copying an Inspection Plan
Use
You can create a new inspection plan, copy an existing inspection plan, or create a reference to or copy a reference operation
set.
Note
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If you copy a reference operation set into an inspection plan, there is no longer a connection between inspection plan and
reference operation set. You cannot therefore create a where-used list for the reference operation set or replace it in the
inspection plan. In addition, changes made to the reference operation set are not automatically included in the inspection
plan. You can however, overwrite the data in the copied reference operation set.
Prerequisites
Before creating an inspection plan, you must de ne:
How (for example, at goods receipt and stock transfers) and when (validity) this inspection plan is to be used.
Which materials are to be inspected with the inspection plan. These materials must exist in the system when you create
the inspection plan.
The work centers where inspections are to take place. These work centers must exist in the system when you create the
inspection plan.
The test equipment that is required for the inspection. This test equipment must exist in the system and have been
released when you create the inspection plan.
Whether you want to create an inspection plan using a copy model. In this case, there must be at least one inspection
plan or reference operation set in the system.
Whether you want to use master inspection characteristics. These master inspection characteristics must exist in the
system and have been released when you create the inspection plan.
Whether you want to use inspection methods. These inspection methods must exist in the system and have been
released when you create the inspection plan.
Whether you want to use code groups or selected sets. These code groups or selected sets must exist in the system and
have been released when you create the inspection plan.
Whether you want to use sampling procedures, sampling schemes or dynamic modi cation rules. This basic data must
exist in the system when you create the inspection plan.
Procedure
1. Choose Logistics Quality management Quality planning Inspection planning Inspection plan Workbench.
2. Choose the desired Work area and choose Continue.
3.
If you work with user-speci c roles, the work area screen is not displayed. Instead, a selection screen appears.
4. Enter the required selection criteria for the copy model/the new task list to be created.
The following selection criteria are available:
Material
Plant for the material
Task list type inspection plan or reference operation set
Task list group
Group counter
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Plant for the task list
Use
Status
Planner group
1. If you:
Choose Load task lists
The screen Headers Overview or Operations Overview appears,
depending on which work area you entered. If several task lists
exist in the system for the chosen selection criteria, these are
displayed in the table.
Choose Task list headers
The screen EWB: Headers Overview appears
Choose operations
The screen EWB: Operations Overview appears
Choose inspection characteristics
The screen EWB: Inspections Characteristics Overview appears
1. To copy or create an inspection plan, proceed as follows:
Copy an inspection plan
Create an inspection plan
Enter the desired task list type and the new
Choose Create .
task list group into the context block.
Select the required copy model and choose
Copy .
Note
You also can create an inspection plan by entering the required data into the context block and choosing Continue .
1. If a dialog box EWB: Process Using appears, you have to enter a key date or a change number.
2. If you copy a task list, a screen appears, on which you can de ne the context of the target text. If you want to copy on
several levels, you must set the Multi-level copy indicator.
3. Enter the required data in the tab page for the header data (tab pages Header general and Quality management ) or in
the Header Details . You can change the default values.
4. Choose Task Lists Operations.
The operation overview appears.
Note
Before creating operations you have to enter the identi cation of the applicable task list in the context block.
1. Create the required operations.
2. To create the required inspection characteristics for each operation, choose Task lists Inspection characteristics.
3.
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Before creating inspection characteristics you have to enter the identi cation of the applicable operation in the context
block.
4. To assign test equipment to an inspection characteristic, from the inspection characteristic overview, choose Task Lists
Production resources and tools.
5.
Before assigning items of test equipment you have to enter the identi cation of the applicable operation in the context
block.
6. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Note
To delete an inspection plan, select the inspection plan to be deleted in the Task List Overview and choose Delete.
Processing of Header Data
Purpose
In the task list header, you de ne data that is to be valid for the entire inspection plan (for example, task list group, usage,
status, deletion ag, dynamic modi cation parameters, de nition of inspection points, details for engineering change
management).
Prerequisites
The master records used (for example, material master record, dynamic modi cation rule) must exist in the system and must
have been released.
Process Flow
1. You call up the overview screen for task list headers or the header detail screen.
2. You enter the following data:
Group counter (can be assigned by the system)
Text for the group counter
Plant
Deletion ag (if the inspection plan is to be deleted in the next archiving run)
Task list usage (required eld)
Task list status (required eld)
The planner group or department responsible and the planned work center (optional)
Lot size (required eld)
Old task list number (optional)
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De nition of inspection points (optional)
Information for sample-drawing procedure (optional)
Information for dynamic modi cation (optional)
Whether the external numbering of units to be inspected is allowed (optional)
Data for the change rule and change type (optional)
1. You create a long text for the inspection plan, if required.
2. You assign one or more materials to the inspection plan, using the Material-task list assignment .
3. Save the data.
Result
The inspection plan you created is uniquely identi ed by the following information, which is contained in the plan at header level:
Field
What You Should Know
Plant
De nes the organizational unit, in which the inspection plan was
created
Task list group
Alphanumeric identi cation that is entered by you, or given by the
system Similar task lists are collected in a task list group.
Group counter
Together with the task list group, this uniquely identi es the
inspection plan. Each group counter stands for a group of
operations, to which you can assign inspection characteristics.
Use
Indicates where the inspection plan is used (for example in a goods
receipt inspection or in an inspection during production).
Planner group
People who are responsible for the processing of the inspection
plan.
See also:
Engineering Change Management
Processing Header Data
Use
In the inspection plan header, you de ne data that applies to the entire inspection plan.
Prerequisites
The master records used (for example, material master record, dynamic modi cation rule) must have been created and
released in the system.
Procedure
1. Call the Header Overview or the Header Details screen
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2. Process the following data on the tab page Header general :
Task list group
Group counter
Short text for the task list
From lot size … To lot size…
Plant
Long text for the task list
Task list usage
Task list status
Planner group
Old task list no. (number, that the inspection plan was given in the "old system")
Deletion ag (you set this indicator if you want to delete the task list in the next archiving run ).
Change rule (you enter the change procedure that is to be used when the inspection plan is processed)
Change type
1. Process the following data on the tab page Quality management :
Field/Screen Area
What You Should Know
Inspection points
You can activate inspection points in the task list to de ne that
inspections must take place in intervals based on, for example,
time or quantity.
Sample-drawing proc.
You enter the sample-drawing procedure to be used.
Dynamic mod. level
You enter the level, at which you want to de ne dynamic
modi cation parameters. You can specify whether dynamic
modi cation is to take place at characteristic, inspection lot, or
inspection type level. You cannot dynamically modify at header and
characteristic level of the task list. You can make an entry in this
eld, depending on the task list usage.
If you dynamically modify at inspection type level with a task list,
the dynamic modi cation rule that is de ned in the inspection
setup is used. This allows dynamic modi cation to take place,
based on inspection type when you use the same task list.
Modi cation rule
You enter the dynamic modi cation rule to be used. You can make
an entry in this eld, depending on the task list usage.
Dynamic modi cation in conjunction with a calibration inspection
(task lists in Plant Maintenance) is not supported.
Dynamic modi cation criteria
If you want to use dynamic modi cation (with a task list) at
inspection lot or inspection type level, you can de ne additional
dynamic modi cation criteria, such as vendor or manufacturer.
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These criteria can then be included in the sample determination
procedure.
Ext. numbering
You de ne whether external numbering of single values is to take
place, when you record results and whether this numbering is to be
unique.
Note
The authorization for entering QM data at header level is controlled by the authorization object for the characteristics
contained in the task list. All other data is controlled by the authorization objects for inspection plans or routings.
1. Choose Task Lists Material-task list assignments.
2. Assign the required materials to the inspection plan.
3. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Additional Functions on the Header Overview Screen
Function
Pushbutton/Menu Path
What You Should Know
Creating task list header
Create p ushbutton
You can create a new task list.
Changing task list header
Change/Lock pushbutton
You read the header data for the selected
task list from the database into your
worklist and therefore protect this data
from being accessed by other users.
Displaying task list header
Display/Unlock pushbutton
You write the header data of the selected
task list from the your worklist to the
database and therefore unlock this data for
access by other users.
Copying task list header
Copy pushbutton
You can copy the header data to use it in a
different task list.
Multi-level copying of task list header
Multi.level copy pushbutton
You can copy the header data to use it in a
different task list. All objects belonging to
this task list (for example, operations,
PRTs, inspection characteristics) are also
copied.
Printing task list
Print pushbutton
You can print the task list.
Deleting task list header
Delete pushbutton
You can delete the header data and
therefore the whole task list.
Switch to the rst task list header
First record pushbutton
If you have selected several task lists, you
switch to the header detail screen for the
rst task list you selected.
Switch to the previous task list header
Previous record pushbutton
If you have selected several task lists, you
switch to the header detail screen for the
previous task list you selected.
Switch to the next task list header
Next record pushbutton
If you have selected several task lists, you
switch to the header detail screen for the
next task list you selected.
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Switch to the last task list header
Last record pushbutton
If you have selected several task lists, you
switch to the header detail screen for the
last task list you selected.
Assigning materials to the task list
Task Lists
Material-task list assignments
You switch to the material-task list
assigments overview, where you can assign
one or several material(s) to the task list.
Switch to the operation overview screen
Task Lists
Operations
You switch to the operation overview.
Switch to the production resources and
Task Lists
production resources and
You switch to the production resources and
tools overview screen
tools
Switch to the inspection characteristics
Task Lists
tools overview screen.
Inspection characteristics
overview screen
You switch to the inspection characteristics
overview.
Switch to the dependent characteristic
Task Lists
speci cations overview screen
speci cations
Dependent characteristic
You switch to the dependent characteristic
speci cations overview screen, where you
can assign customer-, vendor- and/or
material-speci c inspection speci cations
to an inspection characteristic.
Displaying detail screen
Goto Details
You switch to the detail screen of the
selected task list(s).
Displaying key date
Extras Key date
You can display the key date and change it,
if necessary.
Displaying change number
Extras C hange number
You can display the change number and
change it, if necessary.
Displaying effectivity parameters
Extras Effectivity parameters
You can display the effectivity parameters
and change them, if necessary.
Displaying selection criteria
Extras Selection criteria details
You can display the chosen selection
criteria.
Displaying work area
Extras Working area details
You can display the chosen working area.
Inspection Point
De nition
An inspection point is an identi able record of inspection results that is assigned to a work or inspection operation. Several
inspection points can be assigned to an inspection operation.
Use
With inspection points, you can have several inspections and can record multiple sets of characteristic results for an operation.
Inspection Points for Inspections During Production
If you inspect during production using routings, rate routings or master recipes and you want to record inspection results in
speci c intervals, choose the inspection point type Free inspection points in production. You can de ne your own eld
combinations for this inspection type in Customizing .
Inspection Points in Goods Receipt
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If you carry out goods receipt inspections with inspection points, choose the inspection point type Free inspection points in
production. You can create your own eld combinations for this inspection type in Customizing.
Inspection Points in Plant Maintenance
If you carry out calibration inspections and want to record inspection results for equipment or functional locations, choose the
inspection point type for Equipment or Functional location. You can create your own eld combinations for these inspection
types in Customizing. However, the eld Equipment or Functional location must exist in the eld combination.
Inspection Points in Sample Management
If you use the sample management functions in a goods receipt inspection, or inspection during production with planned
physical samples, each sample number is uniquely identi ed by an inspection point. Choose the inspection point type Physical
sample. You can create your own eld combinations for this inspection type in Customizing. However, the eld Sample must
exist in the eld combination.
Integration
Inspection Point Data in Planning Objects
Task lists
You enter the inspection point eld combination for inspection point processing at header level. You can enter the following
additional data: Sample-drawing procedure for the inspection point type for a Physical sample , partial lot assignment in the
routing
At operation level, you enter how the inspection point is to be valuated, when you record results. Either you make the valuation
manually, or the system makes it automatically. In addition, you enter a reference for the inspection point, (quantity reference,
time reference, freely de ned reference)
Sampling procedures
In each sampling procedure that you reference at characteristic level in an inspection plan, you must have also set the indicator
for inspection point processing.
Inspection Point Data in Customizing
To identify inspection points, you can de ne a combination of elds in Customizing . In such a eld combination, user-de ned
elds as well as xed elds based on the inspection point type are de ned with individual key words and an individual sequence.
You can, for example, use key words such as "Container", "Barrel" or "Pallet" for the inspection point Free inspection points and
for example "model" for the inspection point type Physical sample . If this task list is used in an inspection, the chosen eld
combination appears on the initial screen for results recording.
Data in the Routing/Inspection Plan Header
In the task list header (of application components PP and PI), you can set detail levels for assigning the produced quantities.
At the rst and most detailed level ("Partial lots not supported"), the produced partial quantities are assigned to the
inspection points, for which inspection results are also recorded.
At the second detail level ("Partial lot for each inspection point"), the partial quantities that were assigned to the
inspection points are combined into partial lots.
At the third detail level ("Partial lot and batch for each insp. point"), the partial lots are collected in batches.
You then have the following options for de ning the partial lot assignment:
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In the task list header , if you do not make an entry in the partial lot assignment eld, the settings are taken from
Customizing . If no value is de ned in Customizing, this means that partial lots are not supported.
If you de ne a partial lot assignment in the partial lot assignment eld of the task list header, this assignment takes
precedence over the values de ned in Customizing.
Processing Inspection Point Data in the Task
List
Use
With inspection points, you can have several inspections and can record multiple sets of characteristic results for an operation.
Prerequisites
To Record Insp. Results for Insp. Points
Choose the Following Task List Type
In an inspection during production
Routing
At a goods receipt
Inspection plan
In sample management
Inspection plan or routing
Procedure
1. Call the task list header overview.
2. Choose the tab page Quality management.
3. Choose Details (optional).
4. In the screen section Parameters for dynamic modi cation/inspection points of the Header Details screen select an
inspection point to activate the inspection based on inspection points, if necessary.
5. Choose Task Lists Operations.
6. In the operation overview, select the operation, for which you want to de ne inspection points and choose tab page
Quality management.
7. Choose in the Insp.pointCompletion column a variant for the inspection point completion and a reference (for routings).
8. Choose task Lists Inspection characteristics and create the inspection characteristics for the operation.
Note
You can only assign sampling procedures with an active indicator for an inspection point type to an inspection characteristic.
You can also enter the inspection frequency in the sampling procedure.
1. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Processing Material-Task List Assignments
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Use
To use an inspection plan for inspecting materials, you must assign one or more materials to it.
Prerequisites
You create the link between the material type and the task list type in Customizing .
The unit of measure for the material is the same as the unit of measure de ned in the task list header.
Procedure
1. Choose Task Lists Material-task list assignments.
The material-task list assignments overview screen appears.
1. Edit the following for each assignment:
Field
What You Should Know
Group counter
You enter the group counter of the inspection plan, to which this
material-task list assignment is to apply.
Material
You enter the material, to which this material-task list assignment is
to apply.
Plant
You enter the plant for the material, to which this material-task list
assignment is to apply.
1. If required, edit the following additional data for each assignment:
Field
What You Should Know
Vendor
You can also make assignments that are based on a combination of
material and vendor and/or a customer.
If necessary, use the input help.
Customer
You can also make assignments that are based on a combination of
material and vendor and/or a customer.
If necessary, use the input help.
Note
When an inspection lot is created, the system calls the task list for inspecting a material that corresponds most closely to
the material/task list allocation. The following hierarchy applies:
Material/Customer/Vendor
Material/Customer
Material
1. Choose Continue .
The system checks the assignments.
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Note
If there are no errors, the new assignments are added to the list of existing assignments.
1. To delete a material-task list assignment, place the cursor on the corresponding assignment and choose Delete .
The data record for the dependent characteristic speci cations is deleted immediately, or on the key date for the change
number, depending on whether you delete with a change number.
Result
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Processing of Operations
Purpose
You use operations to describe individual inspection steps in an inspection plan. You de ne the work center, at which the
inspection takes place and the default values for the inspection. You can describe how the inspection is to take place in the text
for the inspection operation.
In an inspection plan, the inspection operation is identi ed by an operation ID and a number. The sequence of inspection
operation numbers determines the sequence, in which you process the inspection operations for an inspection plan. You de ne
the increment for these inspection operation numbers in the Pro le . You use the control key to de ne how an inspection
operation in an inspection plan is to be managed.
Prerequisites
The header data for the inspection plan is already de ned in the system.
The master records used (for example, work center) must have been created and released in the system.
The unit of measure de ned in the header of a reference operation set that is to be referenced is the same as the unit of
measure in the existing inspection plan.
Process Flow
1. You call up the operation overview for the inspection plan.
2. You create the required inspection operations. You can then link to reference operation sets to simplify data entry.
3. You can enter the following data:
Operation number (required eld)
Work center (optional)
Plant (required entry eld, if a work center was entered)
Control keys (required eld)
Standard text key (optional)
Description of the operation (optional)
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Base quantity (required eld)
Unit of meas. for op. (required eld)
Long text for the operation (optional)
Scheduling data
1. You can enter the following data on the tab page Quality management :
Recording view (optional)
Inspection point completion (obligatory when inspection points are de ned in the task list header)
Inspection point reference (in routing)
1. Save the data.
Note
You can delete an operation at any time.
The authorization for entering QM data at operation level is controlled by the authorization object for the characteristics
contained in the task list.
Result
You have created an inspection plan with operations, to which you can assign inspection characteristics .
Processing Inspection Operations
Use
You use inspection operations to describe individual inspection steps in an inspection plan and to de ne the work center and the
default values for an inspection.
Prerequisites
The header data for the inspection plan is already de ned in the system.
The master records used (for example, work center) must have been created and released in the system.
The unit of measure de ned in the header of a reference operation set that is to be referenced is the same as the unit of
measure in the existing inspection plan.
Procedure
1. Choose Task Lists Operations.
2. Choose the tab page Operations general.
3. Process the required operations. You can link to reference operation sets to simplify data entry.
4. Enter in the operations overview screen or in the operations detail screen of the tab page Operations general for
example the following data:
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Field
What You Should Know
Operation ID
You can enter an operation ID. The operation ID must contain at
least one non-numerical character. If you do not enter an operation
ID, the system generates one automatically. An operation ID
generated by the system only contains numerical values. After you
have created an operation you can no longer change its operation
ID.
Operation
You de ne the operation number used for determining the order of
the operations. You can overwrite the proposed value.
Work center/Plant
You de ne the place where the inspection is to take place or the
person responsible for carrying out the inspection. You can
overwrite the proposed entry for the plant.
Control key
The control key de nes the business relevance of the operation.
Make sure that the Inspection characteristics indicator is set in
Customizing .
Standard text key
The standard text key provides a default for the description of an
operation. This key simpli es data entry.
Short text
You enter a describing short text for the operation.
Long text
You enter a describing long text for the operation.
1. Choose the tab page Quality management and enter for example the following data:
Recording view
You enter the recording view that is to appear when you con rm
inspection results.
Insp.pointCompletion
You enter the reference and the type of valuation for the inspection
point. If you have de ned inspection points in the task list header,
this is a required entry. You can overwrite the proposed entry.
1. Choose the tab page Processing time and enter for example the following data:
Base quantity
You de ne the base quantity for the material to be manufactured.
The default values for the operation relate to this quantity. You can
overwrite the proposed value.
Operation unit
You de ne the unit for the material to be manufactured. You can
overwrite the proposed value.
Convert units of measure
You de ne, how to convert the units for the material de ned in the
task list header into the operation units.
1. Choose the detail screen of the tab page User elds and enter a user-speci c eld key (template for keywords ( eld
name) for user-de ned elds).
2. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Note
The authorization for entering data at operation level is controlled by the authorization object for the characteristics
contained in the task list.
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Additional Functions on the Operations Overview Screen
Function
Pushbutton/Menu Path
What You Should Know
Creating operation
Create p ushbutton
You can create a new operation.
Changing operation
Change/Lock p ushbutton
You read the selected operation data from
the database into your worklist and
therefore protect this data from being
accessed by other users.
Displaying operation
Display/Unlock pushbutton
You write the selected operation data from
the your worklist to the database and
therefore unlock this data for access by
other users.
Copying operation
Copy pushbutton
You can copy the operation data to use it in
a different operation.
Multi-level copying of operation
Multi-level copy pushbutton
You can copy the operation data to use it in
a different operation. All objects belonging
to this operation (for example, PRTs,
inspection characteristics) are also copied.
Deleting an operation
Delete pushbutton
You can delete the selected operations. All
objects belonging to this operation (for
example, PRTs, inspection characteristics)
are also deleted.
Referencing a reference operation set
Create reference to reference op. set
When you create an inspection operation,
pushbutton
you can reference one or several reference
operation set(s).
Referencing a work center operation set
Create reference to work center op. set
When you create an inspection operation,
pushbutton
you can reference one or several work
center operation set(s).
Printing task list
Print pushbutton
You can print the task list.
Switch to the rst operation
First record pushbutton
If you selected several operations, you
switch to the rst operation, which was
selected.
Switch to the previous operation
Previous record pushbutton
If you selected several operations, you
switch to the previous operation, which was
selected.
Switch to the next operation
Next record pushbutton
If you selected several operations, you
switch to the next operation, which was
selected.
Switch to the last operation
Last record pushbutton
If you selected several operations, you
switch to the last operation, which was
selected.
Assigning materials to the task list
Task Lists
Material-task list assignments
You go to the material-task list assignment ,
where you can assing one or several
material(s) to the task list.
Switch to the task list header overview
Task Lists
Headers
You switch to the task list header overview.
Switch to the production resources and
Task Lists
Production resources and
You switch to the production resources and
tools overview screen
tools
screen
tools overview screen.
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Switch to the inspection characteristics
Task Lists
Inspection characteristics
overview screen
You switch to the inspection characteristics
overview.
Switch to the dependent characteristic
Task Lists
speci cations overview screen
speci cations
Dependent characteristic
You switch to the dependent characteristic
speci cations overview screen, where you
can assign customer-, vendor- and/or
material-speci c inspection speci cations
to an inspection characteristic.
Displaying detail screen
Goto Details
You switch to the detail screen of the
selected operation(s).
Displaying key date
Extras Key date
You can display the key date and change it,
if necessary.
Displaying change number
Extras C hange number
You can display the change number and
change it, if necessary.
Displaying effectivity parameters
Extras Effectivity parameters
You can display the effectivity parameters
and change them, if necessary.
Displaying selection criteria
Extras Selection criteria details
You can display the chosen selection
criteria.
Displaying work area
Extras Working area details
You can display the chosen working area.
Updating mass changes
Extras Mass changes
In all selected operations you can replace
your data with different values.
Linking a Reference Operation Set
Use
When creating an inspection operation, you can link to one or several reference operation sets.
Note
You can create where-used lists for reference operation sets and if required, replace these sets with others in one or several
operation(s) in inspection plans.
If you change the referenced operation set, this change is also made in the inspection plan.
If you subsequently want to make changes to the data in the inspection operation, you must rst cancel the link to the
reference operation set (unlock).
Prerequisites
You can only link to a reference operation set if:
It has Released (general) status
The unit of measure that was de ned in the header of the set agrees with the unit of measure that was entered in the
inspection operation that you want to create.
You have not yet made any entries in the inspection operation elds If you enter data, the system assumes that the inspection
operation has already been created and does not therefore allow the use of a reference operation set.
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Procedure
1. In the operation overview screen, choose the Create Reference to reference op. set pushbutton .
A dialog box for creating links to a reference operation set appears.
1. Enter the following data:
Field
What You Should Know
Operation ID
You enter the operation ID of the operation that you want to create
with the help of the reference operation set.
The operation ID must contain at least one non-numerical character.
If you do not enter an operation ID, the system generates one
automatically. An operation ID generated by the system only
contains numerical values. After you have created an operation you
can no longer change its operation ID.
Operation number
You enter the operation number that you want to create with the
help of the reference operation set.
Standard text key
Default for an operation description; optional entry.
Interval
You enter the increment for operation numbers when the reference
is created. You can overwrite the proposed value. This is only
relevant, if several operations exist.
Task list group
You enter the task list group of the reference operation set to be
linked.
Group counter
You enter the group counter for the reference operation set to be
linked. You can overwrite the proposed value.
1. Choose Continue .
The system copies the operations you chose with their corresponding information into the operation overview. The linked
reference operation set is included with one operation number. A symbol indicates, that this operation is a link to a reference
operation set or a work center operation set. The data elds are not ready for input. At the bottom of the operation overview
the linked operations of task list type S are listed. They are marked by a special symbol.
Note
You cannot enter values in the new elds in the operation overview. This means, that you can not process the data of this
operation.
1. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Assigning Work Centers
Use
If you assign a particular work center to an inspection operation, you can con rm the activities performed in the inspection
operation. The appraisal costs are determined in the Controlling (CO) application component with the help of the con rmed
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activity times.
Prerequisites
For you to be able to con rm the activities for an inspection operation, the following conditions must be ful lled:
You must assign a work center to the inspection operation.
The work center must be assigned to a cost center in the CO component.
The cost center must de ne different activity types (such as, set up, machine or labor times) and a rate must be de ned
for each activity type.
A QM order must be assigned in the inspection setup .
Procedure
1. In the operation overview, enter a control key for the inspection operation. This key is con gured in Customizing as
follows:
The Cost indicator is set
The type of con rmation was de ned
1. Enter a work center for the operation on the Operations general tab page.
On the Processing time tab page additional data elds are displayed in the screen section Standard values .
1. Enter the following data in the additional elds, as required:
Unit for the activity type (hours, minutes etc.)
Activity types to be con rmed (for example, set up, machine or labor times)
Result
You can record and settle the costs incurred in the inspection.
See also:
Quality-Related Costs
Processing of Inspection Characteristics
Purpose
You use inspection characteristics to describe what is to be inspected and how the inspection is to take place. Inspection
characteristics are assigned to inspection operations and are identi ed within an operation by a number.
To standardize processes, you can reference or copy master inspection characteristics. You can also copy inspection
characteristics from other inspection plans into the current inspection operation or use reference operation sets.
Prerequisites
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The operation must be created in the system.
The master records used (for example, inspection method, dynamic modi cation rule, sampling procedure, sampling
scheme, code groups, selected sets, production resources/tools) have been created and released in the system.
In the basic data, the master inspection characteristic must have been created as:
A Reference characteristic , if it is to be referenced
A Complete copy model , if it is to be changed in the task list without rst having to be unlocked
At least as an Incomplete copy model , if it is to be copied into the task list
Process Flow
1. You call up the inspection characteristic overview for the inspection plan.
2. Create the required inspection characteristics. You can use the following functions. You can:
Enter all data for an inspection characteristic manually.
Reference a master inspection characteristic (reference characteristic), to simplify data entry.
Copy a master inspection characteristic (complete or incomplete copy model) to simplify data entry.
Enter a standard text key (de ned in Customizing) for a inspection characteristic. The system then automatically enters
the data prede ned in the standard text key into the required entry elds.
Enter a tolerance key on creation of a quantitative inspection characteristic. The system then automatically enters
certain quantitative data according to the values prede ned in the tolerance key.
Note
By double-clicking on the desired elds (for example, characteristic number, short text), you switch to the corresponding
detail screens.
1. You can enter the following data:
Characteristic number (required eld)
Proposal for characteristic control indicator (optional, de ned in Customizing)
Quantitative or qualitative characteristic (you must make one entry)
Characteristic category (optional characteristic, conditional characteristic, required characteristic)
Recording type
Additional control indicators for the characteristic (optional)
Internal characteristic ID. (You can store an additional characteristic description in this eld. This description is used to
identify a characteristic during electronic exchange of characteristic values; optional)
Data origin. (You use this eld to assign a data source such as, handheld application, quality certi cate. The system then
copies data from this source; optional)
Master inspection characteristic (optional) with plant and version for the characteristic (required entry eld, if a master
inspection characteristic was speci ed)
Short text for the inspection characteristic (optional)
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Long text for the inspection characteristic (optional)
Tolerance key (optional)
Dependent characteristic speci cations (optional)
Information for inspection method (name, plant, version)
Selected set (for qualitative characteristics with characteristic attributes)
Formula (optional, for quantitative characteristics)
Partial sample (optional)
Info elds (optional)
1. Enter the following additional data, as required:
Information for quantitative data (for example, SPC criteria, plausibility limits)
Information for catalogs (for example, defect codes in case of rejection)
Information for the sample (for example, sampling procedures, dynamic modi cation rules)
1. You assign an item of test equipment to the inspection characteristic as a production resources/tool (PRT), if you want
to inspect with particular test equipment.
Note
The test equipment must rst be assigned to the operation as a production resource/tool.
1. Save the data.
Note
The authorization for entering data at inspection characteristic level is controlled by the authorization object for the
characteristics contained in the task list.
Result
You have created an inspection plan with inspection characteristics that you can use in inspections.
Processing Inspection Characteristics
Use
You use inspection characteristics to describe what is to be inspected and how the inspection is to take place.
Prerequisites
The operation must be created in the system.
The master records used (for example, inspection method, dynamic modi cation rule, sampling procedure, sampling
scheme, code groups, selected sets, production resources/tools) have been created and released in the system.
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In the basic data, the master inspection characteristic must have been created as:
A Reference characteristic , if it is to be referenced
A Complete copy model , if it is to be changed in the task list without rst having to be unlocked
At least as an Incomplete copy model , if it is to be copied into the task list
Procedure
1. Choose Task Lists Inspection characteristics.
2. Enter a key date or a change number in the screen section Process using.
3. Choose the Inspection chars gen tab page and copy the operation ID of that operation to the context block, for which
you want to create inspection characteristics.
4. Create the required inspection characteristics. By entering the characteristic description, you can link to master
inspection characteristics to simplify data entry.
Note
A symbol indicates, that this characteristic is a referenced master inspection characteristic. The data elds are not ready for
input. To make changes to this inspection characteristic, you must rst unlock the master inspection characteristic. Select
the required inspection characteristic and choose Inspection characteristics Cancel master insp. charact. reference.
1. Enter the following data on the tab page Inspection chars. gen. :
Field
What You Should Know
Inspection Characteristic
You enter the number of the inspection characteristic; you can
de ne the default increment for this inspection characteristic
number in the pro le .
Short text insp. char.
You enter a description for the inspection characteristic.
Characteristic ID
Internal characteristic ID. (You can store an additional characteristic
description in this eld. This description is used to identify a
characteristic during electronic exchange of characteristic values;
optional)
Data origin
Data origin. (You use this eld to assign a data source such as,
handheld application, quality certi cate. The system then copies
data from this source; optional)
Preset indicators
Default values for control indicators to simplify data entry. You can
change these values in the inspection characteristic, except if the
Fixed indicator is set in the control key. Depending on the control
key you entered, some elds in the inspection characteristic
overview are not ready for input or are set to "required entry eld".
Quantitative charact. or Qualitative charact.
You de ne the inspection characteristic as quantitative or
qualitative characteristic.
Master inspection characteristic
You enter the identi er for the master inspection characteristic that
you want to reference or copy. The system selects the current
version of the master inspection characteristic.
If a master inspection characteristic is used both in an inspection
plan and a material speci cation, then the inspection
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characteristics from the material speci cation take precedence
over those in the inspection plan, if the corresponding material is
being inspected.
Plant
You enter the plant for the master inspection characteristic. You can
overwrite the proposed value.
Version
You enter the version for the master inspection characteristic. If you
do not enter a version number, the current version of the
characteristic is assigned.
Inspection method
You enter the name of the inspection method that you want to use to
inspect the inspection characteristic. For referenced master
inspection characteristics, you can select an inspection method
from the list of inspection methods assigned to the master
inspection characteristic. For other master inspection
characteristics, you can assign any released inspection method. If
an inspector quali cation has been de ned in the inspection
method, the system copies the quali cation from the inspection
method.
Plant
You enter the plant for the inspection method.
Version
You enter the version for the inspection method.
Weighting of charact.
By choosing the applicable entry, you classify the inspection
characterstic to be a critical characteristic, a major characteristic
or a minor characteristic.
Inspector qualif
You de ne the quali cation, the inspector must have and, if
necessary, validate in order to be able to conduct an inspection.
Share calculation
Code that identi es the procedure for the share estimation (share
of nonconforming units, share below the tolerance range, share
above the tolerance range).
Tolerance key (for quantitative inspection characteristics)
Default for tolerance values that can contain target values, units of
measurement, accuracy and the speci cation limits. You can use
the Tolerance key to include DIN norm speci cations that are
de ned in Customizing .
Long text
You enter a descriptive long text for the inspection characteristic.
InfoField 1
You can enter information for the inspection characteristic.
InfoField 2
InfoField 3
1. Choose the Control indicator to specify the inspection characteristic in more detail.
Different screens for editing the control indicators appear, depending on the characteristic type that you have de ned,
(qualitative or quantitative). Information relating to the sample calculation, results recording, inspection scope, determination
of the characteristic type and details for a long-term inspection is linked to these control indicators .
1. For processing a quantitative characteristic choose the Quantitative data tab page.
If you did not enter all data on the Inspection chars. gen. tab page, you can complete this data here (for example, unit of
measurement, number of decimal places, target value, speci cation limits, tolerance key, formula for a calculated
characteristic).
1. Choose the tab page Catalogs.
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If you did not enter all data on the Inspection chars. gen. tab page, you can complete this data here (for example, selection sets
assigned, code groups assigned, defect codes in case of rejection).
1. Choose the tab page Sample.
If you did not enter all data on the Inspection chars. gen. tab page, you can complete this data here (for example, sampling
procedure assigned, dynamic modi cation rule assigned).
Note
You can only enter a dynamic modi cation rule, if you have speci ed dynamic modi cation at characteristic level in the task
list header.
1. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Note
The authorization for entering data at inspection characteristic level is controlled by the authorization object for the
characteristics contained in the task list.
Additional Functions on the Inspection Characteristics Overview Screen
Function
Pushbutton/Menu Path
What You Should Know
Creating an inspection characteristic
Create p ushbutton
You can create a new inspection
characteristic, if you entered an operation
ID and a key date or a change number. On
the Inspection chars. gen. tab page lines
are ready for input.
Changing an inspection characteristic
Change/Lock p ushbutton
You read the selected inspection
characteristic data from the database into
your worklist and therefore protect this data
from being accessed by other users.
Displaying an inspection characteristic
Display/Unlock pushbutton
You write the selected inspection
characteristic data from your worklist to the
database and therefore unlock this data for
access by other users.
Copying an inspection characteristic
Copy pushbutton
You can copy the inspection characteristic
data to use it in a different inspection
characteristic.
Multi-level copying of an inspection
Multi-level copy pushbutton
characteristic
You can copy the inspection characteristic
data to use it in a different inspection
characteristic. All objects belonging to this
inspection characteristic (for example,
PRTs, dependent characteristic
speci cations) are also copied.
Deleting an inspection characteristic
Delete pushbutton
You can delete the selected inspection
characteristics. All objects belonging to this
inspection characteristic (for example,
PRTs, dependent characteristic
speci cations) are also deleted.
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Printing inspection characteristics
Print pushbutton
You can display the selected inspection
characteristics in a variable list and you can
print this list.
Switch to rst inspection characteristic
First record pushbutton
If you selected several inspection
characteristics, you switch to the rst
inspection characteristic that was selected.
Switch to previous inspection characteristic
Previous record pushbutton
If you selected several inspection
characteristics, you switch to the previous
inspection characteristic that was selected.
Switch to next inspection characteristic
Next record pushbutton
If you selected several inspection
characteristics, you switch to the next
inspection characteristic that was selected.
Switch to last inspection characteristic
Last record pushbutton
If you selected several inspection
characteristics, you switch to the last
inspection characteristic that was selected.
Assigning materials to the task list
Task lists
Material-task list assignment
You go to the material-task list assignment ,
or double-click on the symbol for
where you can assing one or several
material
material(s) to the task list.
Switch to the task list header overview
Task Lists
screen
symbol for task list header
Headers or double-click on the
Switch to the operation overview screen
Task Lists
Operations or double-click on
You switch to the task list header overview.
You switch to the operation overview.
the symbol for operation
Switch to the production resources and
Task Lists Production resources and
You switch to the production resources and
tools overview screen
tools
tools overview screen.
Switch to the dependent characteristic
Task Lists
speci cations overview screen
speci cations or double-click on the
speci cations overview screen, where you
symbol for inspection characteristic
can assign customer-, vendor- and/or
Dependent characteristic
You switch to the dependent characteristic
material-speci c inspection speci cations
to an inspection characteristic.
Displaying detail screen
Displaying key date
Goto Details or double-click on the
You switch to the detail screen of the
required row
selected inspection characteristic(s).
Extras Key date
You can display the key date and change it,
if necessary.
Displaying change number
Extras C hange number
You can display the change number and
change it, if necessary.
Displaying effectivity parameters
Extras Effectivity parameters
You can display the effectivity parameters
and change them, if necessary.
Displaying selection criteria
Extras Selection criteria details
You can display the chosen selection
criteria.
Displaying work area
Extras Working area details
You can display the chosen working area.
Quantitative Data
Depending on the control keys set, you can determine speci c quantitative data for quantitative characteristics. You call this
function by choosing the Quantitative data tab page at characteristic level.
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For example, if de ned when processing the control keys that a lower and an upper speci cation limit is to be inspected,
elds for entering both speci cation limits are displayed on the Quantitative data tab page.
However, if you de ned that only the lower or the upper speci cation limit is to be inspected, only the relevant eld for
the speci cation limit is displayed.
If you are using a tolerance key, the system copies the values of this key into the inspection characteristic. You can
overwrite these values.
Note
A tolerance key is used to de ne centrally tolerance limits (for example, for ts) usual in practice or industry for a
quantitative inspection characteristic. For the tolerance key the unit of measurement, target value, precision, lower and
upper speci cation limit are de ned.
Your system consultant can de ne nominal values for the tolerance keys in Customizing . The nominal values are based on
tables in the DIN standards. If nominal values were de ned for a tolerance key, then the speci cation limits may vary on the
basis of these nominal values.
You enter the tolerance key on the Inspection chars. gen tab page or on the Quantitative data tab page. If you check the
data, after you have entered it, the values for the unit of measurement and target value that were de ned for this tolerance
key, are also displayed. In addition, if the relevant indicators are set in Customizing, the system determines whether the
speci cation limits related to the target value.
If you delete a tolerance key, the values de ned by this key in the inspection characteristic are not deleted. They remain as
characteristic values.
Use of Calculated Characteristics
Use
If you inspect with quantitative inspection characteristics, you can use calculated characteristics if you want the system to
calculate inspection results from the inspection results of other inspection characteristics (calculation input characteristics)
according to a prede ned formula.
Prerequisites
Take the following points into account to ensure that the characteristics can be calculated by the system correctly:
Compatibility of characteristics
The calculation input characteristics and the calculation characteristics must, for example, be compatible with regard to the
results to be con rmed and the inspection scope.
Dynamic modi cation at characteristic level (optional)
It is advisable to enter a dynamic modi cation rule in a calculated characteristic or a calculation input characteristic and then to
reference the other characteristic for dynamic modi cation.
Features
Unlike other inspection characteristics, the results of a calculated characteristic are not recorded manually.
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In results recording, you process and valuate the calculation input characteristics. The system then uses the prede ned formula
to calculate the inspection results for the calculated characteristic, based on the inspection results for the calculation input
characteristics.
You de ne this formula in the calculated characteristic, when you enter it in the inspection plan. You can use standard
mathematical functions in this formula, as well as the following operands:
Numerical constants
Formula parameters that reference the values and results of calculation input characteristics.
Calculation input characteristics and calculated characteristics must be contained in the same operation.
Formula parameters that call external function modules.
In certain cases, an input value for a calculated characteristic may not be available in the current operation (for example, if you
want to use a value contained in another inspection lot). In this case, you can use your own function module to call the
necessary data and calculate the input value
Note
In Customizing you can nd default values for the formula parameters that you can supplement.
Activities
Make sure that the Calculated characteristic control indicator is set for the inspection characteristic.
On the quantitative data screen, enter the formula. When entering the formula, use the following guidelines:
Use the format ppnnnn for the operands and parameters.
The value pp stands for the formula parameter (for example A0). The value pp stands for the number of the task list
characteristic (for example, characteristic 0010).
For example, to multiply the value of characteristic 10 (measured value of a single unit) by the value of characteristic 20
(measured value of a single unit), enter the following formula: A00010 * A00020.
If the formula parameter references a function module, you can enter a formula parameter without a characteristic
number.
To select a formula parameter that is de ned in Customizing, use the input help for the formula eld.
You can use the result for the calculated characteristic as a calculation input value for a second calculated characteristic.
Use of Leading and Dependent
Characteristics
Use
To ensure that there is no con ict between the inspection stages for a characteristic in an operation, de ne leading and
dependent characteristics.
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You use leading and dependent characteristics in connection with:
Dynamic modi cation at characteristic level
The system determines the appropriate inspection stage using the speci cations in the dynamic modi cation rule and updates
the stage in the quality level for the characteristic.
Recording results
If you accept some characteristics and reject others, inspection characteristics in an operation may have different inspection
stages, for example, some characteristics are in the "skip" stage, while others are in the "normal" or "tightened" stage.
If the current inspection stage for a leading characteristic requires a "skip," but a skip is not allowed for one of the dependent
characteristics because of its characteristic weighting (de ned in Customizing ), the skip only applies to the leading
characteristic. The dependent characteristic must be inspected after the next inspection stage contained in the dynamic
modi cation rule for the leading characteristic.
Calculated characteristics
If the two input characteristics have different inspection stages, the system cannot calculate the characteristics correctly.
 Example
A calculated characteristic depends on the values or results of two input characteristics. If these have different inspection
stages (for example, "normal" and "skip"), the system cannot calculate the formula in the calculated characteristic because
one of the input characteristics is not inspected (in a "skip" stage ).
Prerequisites
The following must be available in the system:
Dynamic modi cation rule
Sampling procedures
The leading characteristic must be a required characteristic.
A dynamic modi cation rule is assigned to the leading characteristic.
The leading characteristic does not reference another leading characteristic (not checked by the system).
Activities
In the inspection plan header, you de ne dynamic modi cation at characteristic level.
On the inspection characteristic overview screen, mark the inspection characteristic that you want to de ne as the
leading characteristic for the operation.
You set the indicators Sampling procedure and Required characteristic in the control indicators for this inspection
characteristic.
Enter the required data for the characteristic.
You enter a dynamic modi cation rule for the inspection characteristic.
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You mark all other inspection characteristics in the operation (or in the characteristic group) that you want to be treated
as dependent inspection characteristics.
Note
You can assign the same leading characteristic to different dependent characteristics in an operation. You can create several
characteristic groups within an operation.
On the sample screen, do not enter a dynamic modi cation rule as before, but enter the number of the leading
characteristic.
If you use calculated characteristics in an inspection plan, only enter a dynamic modi cation rule for the calculated
characteristic. Reference the calculated characteristic as a leading characteristic in the calculation input characteristics.
Assignment of Dependent Characteristic
Speci cations
Use
For both qualitative and quantitative characteristics you can de ne dependent characteristic speci cations, based on a
combination of material, vendor, and customer, if these combinations have been assigned to the inspection plan.
Note
You cannot de ne dependent characteristic speci cations for master inspection characteristics referenced in inspection
plans or for inspection characteristics in reference operation sets.
In inspection plan "Pipes", there is a measurement inspection operation with several inspection characteristics. One of these
characteristics, "diameter", has several dependent characteristic speci cations, depending on the type of pipe.
Material
Target Value
Lower Speci cation Limit
Upper Speci cation Limit
Pipe 1
4.5
4.0
5.0
Pipe 2
7.5
7.0
8.0
Pipe 3
8.2
7.0
9.4
Pipe 4
5.0
4.0
6.0
When you inspect pipes, the system checks whether dependent characteristic speci cations exist in the inspection plan for
pipes. If this is the case, the system then uses these dependent characteristic speci cations in the inspection. If there are no
dependent characteristic speci cations in the inspection plan, at the inspection the system uses the values de ned for the
inspection characteristic.
Prerequisites
One or more materials are assigned to the inspection plan. You can make an assignment at any stage during processing of an
inspection plan.
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Activities
On the inspection characteristic overview screen, you select the requested inspection characteristic or you enter in the
context block the inspection characteristic, to which you want to assign dependent characteristic speci cations.
You choose Task list
Dependent characteristic speci cations .
The overview of the dependent characteristic speci cations appears.
You choose the tab page Dependent characteristic specs general and select the required combination of material,
vendor and customer using the input help .
You choose the tab page Quantitative data and enter the dependent characteristic speci cations (for example,
speci cation limits and target values) for quantitative inspection characteristics.
Note
If you de ne dependent characteristic speci cations for a quantitative characteristic, you can use a tolerance key.
You choose the tab page Catalogs and enter the dependent characteristic speci cations (for example, selected sets,
defect code in case of rejection).
To delete existing dependent characteristic speci cations, mark the required assignment and choose Delete .
Plan Input Processing for Measured Values
in the EWB
Use
You must plan input processing at the inspection planning stage to ensure that the system automatically processes your
measured values according to your speci cations during results recording. As a result, during results recording, the BAdI that
has been de ned for the inspection characteristic is run and the input value is processed.
In the Engineering Workbench, you can plan the data for input processing on the characteristic detail screen and on the
overview screen (tab page Quantitative Data ) of an inspection plan. You can access an existing master inspection
characteristic and use it during this planning stage.
Prerequisites
In Customizing, the instance of the BAdI parameter for the input-processing key must be de ned. Thereby, you de ne how the
input value (measured value) is to be processed.
Procedure
1. Choose SAP Menu Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Inspection Planning Inspection Plan Workbench .
2. Enter the required work area and choose Continue .
3. On the selection screen, enter your selection data and choose Load Task Lists .
4. Choose the Quality Management tab page.
5. Select the required plan and choose Operations to access the operations overview.
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6. Select the required operation and choose Task Lists -> Inspection Characteristics to access the inspection
characteristics overview.
7. To plan input processing
in the inspection characteristic overview,
on the characteristic details screen,
you can do the following:
select the inspection characteristic that you wish to use input
On the Control Indicators tab page, in the Formula column,
processing for, and choose Details .
you choose Input Processing . The system automatically
On the Control Indicators... tab page, set the radio button for input
switches to the detail screen for the quantitative data. You
processing.
can now enter the input-processing key. If you enter No
Formula or Calculated Characteristic , the key will
automatically be deleted (a corresponding message will be
output).
In the quantitative data, you enter an input-processing key.
The system automatically switches to the detail screen for the
quantitative data. You can now enter the input-processing key.
 Note
Input Processing will automatically be set by the system in
If the control indicator Input Processing is not set, you cannot
this case.
enter a key for input processing on the characteristic overview
screen.
Note
The radio buttons Calculated Characteristic and Input Processing cannot both be set at the same time. This means:
When the radio button Calculated Characteristic is set, you cannot set the radio button Input Processing and you cannot
enter the input-processing key.
When you set the radio button Calculated Characteristic , the radio button Input Processing and the input-processing key
are reset by the system.
When you set the radio button No Formula , the radio button Input Processing and the input-processing key are reset by
the system.
1. Assign the three-digit input-processing key that was de ned in Customizing to the inspection characteristic.
Note
If the Input Processing radio button is not set, the eld for input processing in the quantitative data is not visible.
If the Input Processing radio button is set, you must enter an input-processing key.
If the radio button Input Processing is reset, the input processing key is deleted automatically by the system.
If the included master inspection characteristic is an incomplete copy model, youmustenter an input-processing key in the
plan if the Input Processing radio button is set.
1. Save the data.
Result
As a result, during results recording, the BAdI method that has been assigned to this inspection characteristic is run and the
input value is processed.
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See also:
Plan Input Processing for Measured Values in the Inspection Plan
Plan Input Processing for Non-Classed Measured Values in the Master Inspection Characteristic
Input Processing of Non-Classed Measured Values in Results Recording
Editing Test Equipment
Procedure
You assign one or more items of test equipment as production resources/tools (PRT), if you want to inspect with particular test
equipment.
Use
You assign one or more items of test equipment to an operation or assign test equipment to an inspection characteristic, to
determine the particular test equipment you want to use for the inspection.
Prerequisites
The used test equipment master data record must have been created and released in the system.
Procedure
1. Choose Task Lists Production resources and tools.
2. Copy into the context block the operation ID from that operation, to which you want to assign the test equipment.
3. Enter a key date or a change number in the screen section Process using.
4. Choose Create .
5. A screen appears, in which you can select the required PRT-type.
6. Select the required PRT-type and choose Continue.
1. Enter on the tab page Material , Equipment , Document , Others , Dates all required data for the test equipment.
1. Save the data.
The system writes all the data of your worklist to the database.
Additional Functions on the PRT Overview Screen
Function
Pushbutton/Menu Path
What You Should Know
Creating a production resource/tool
Create p ushbutton
You can assign a new production
resource/tool, if you entered an operation
ID and a key date or a change number.
Changing a production resource/tool
Change/Lock p ushbutton
You read the selected PRT data from the
database into your worklist and therefore
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protect the data from being accessed by
other users.
Displaying a production resource/tool
Display/Unlock pushbutton
You write the selected PRT data from your
worklist to the database and therefore
unlock the data for access by other users.
Copying a production resource/tool
Copy pushbutton
You can copy the data from the production
resource/tool to use it in a different
production resource/tool.
Deleting a production resource/tool
Delete pushbutton
You can delete the selected production
resource/tools.
Printing production resource/tool
Print pushbutton
You can display the selected production
resource/tools in a variable list and you can
print this list.
Switch to rst production resource/tool
First record pushbutton
If you selected several production
resource/tools, you switch to the rst
production resource/tool, which was
selected.
Switch to previous production resource/tool
Previous record pushbutton
If you selected several production
resource/tools, you switch to the previous
production resource/tool, which was
selected.
Switch to next production resource/tool
Next record pushbutton
If you selected several production
resource/tools, you switch to the next
production resource/tool, which was
selected.
Switch to last production resource/tool
Last record pushbutton
If you selected several production
resource/tools, you switch to the last
production resource/tool, which was
selected.
Assigning materials to the task list
Task lists
Material-task list assignment
You go to the material-task list assignment ,
or double-click on the symbol for
where you can assing one or several
material
material(s) to the task list.
Switch to the task list header overview
Task Lists
screen
symbol for task list header
Header or double-click on the
Switch to the operation overview screen
Task Lists
Operations or double-click on
You switch to the task list header overview.
You switch to the operation overview.
the symbol for operation
Switch to the inspection characteristics
Task Lists
Inspection characteristics
overview screen
Switch to the inspection characteristics
overview screen.
Switch to the dependent characteristic
Task Lists
speci cations overview screen
speci cations or double-click on the
Dependent characteristic
You switch to the dependent characteristic
speci cations overview screen, where you
symbol for inspection characteristic
can assign customer-, vendor- and/or
material-speci c inspection speci cations
to an inspection characteristic.
Displaying detail screen
Displaying key date
Goto Details or double-click on the
You switch to the detail screen of the
required row
selected production resource/tool(s).
Extras Key date
You can display the key date and change it,
if necessary.
Displaying change number
Extras C hange number
You can display the change number and
change it, if necessary.
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Displaying effectivity parameters
Extras Effectivity parameters
You can display the effectivity parameters
and change them, if necessary.
Displaying selection criteria
Extras Selection criteria details
You can display the chosen selection
criteria.
Displaying work area
Extras Working area details
You can display the chosen working area.
Changes to Task List Objects
Use
You use this function to change existing task list objects (for example, inspection characteristic or operation).
Prerequisites
You can change task list objects with one of the following:
Key date
Change master record
Features
Changing Without a Change Number
When you change an task list object and enter a date in the Key date eld in the screen section Process using :
The old values in the task list object are overwritten by new values
The change is backdated to the valid-from date for the task list object. This means that the key date only serves to select
the task list that is to be changed.
A change document is created. This document records all changes to the task list.
Changing with a Change Number
To change a task list object with a change number, enter a change master record number in the Change number eld in the
screen section Process using .
When you change a task list object with a change master record,
A record containing the new values is written to the database For example, if you change the target value and
speci cation limits of an inspection characteristic, a new characteristic record is written to the database
The valid-from date in the new database record is the date contained in the change master record
The system lists all the changes to the task list (all changes to individual elds)
Maintaining a Revision Level for a Task List
If your company maintains several versions of a material that are only distinguished by revision levels , you can create and edit
corresponding inspection plan variants for these materials. In this way, the system can automatically select the appropriate
inspection plan for an inspection, whenever such a material is subject to a goods receipt inspection.
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Creating Change Documents
You use the change document function to record changes to inspection plans. The change documents are listed in chronological
order. In the change document, changes are structured according to task list level (header, operation, inspection characteristic).
Activities
Changing with a Change Number
With the engineering change management function, you create a change master record, in which you enter the objects
to be changed (such as, material, inspection plan). The system assigns a change number to the change master record.
Use the change number to make the required changes to the material in the material master and assign a revision level
to the material.
You call up the function for changing an inspection plan or reference operation set.
Make the changes to the original inspection plan and save it.
You choose Logistics Quality management
Quality planning Inspection planning Inspection plan , enter selection
criteria and choose Execute.
The system displays a list of all changes to the plan in chronological order. For changes that were made with a change
number, the "old" and "new" version of the entries is shown.
You print this list (menu path: List Print ) or save the list as a PC- le (menu path: List
Save
File… ).
Changing Without a Change Number
You call up the function for changing an inspection plan or reference operation set.
Make the changes to the original inspection plan and save it.
You choose Logistics Quality management
Quality planning Inspection planning Inspection plan Change
documents. On the initial or selection screen, enter the selection criteria and choose Execute.
The system displays a list of all change documents that have been created.
In the list, mark the change document you require and choose Choose.
The system displays the change document you have chosen, containing all the changes that took place.
You print the change document (menu path: List Print ) or save it as a PC- le (menu path: List
Save File… ).
Use of Revision Levels
Use
In discrete production processes, assembly parts are often modi ed slightly, so they can be used in the manufacture of other
similar products. In many cases, the company must keep both the original and modi ed parts in stock for production purposes.
Instead of assigning a new plant number to the modi ed part, both parts retain the same number, but are assigned different
revision levels (for example, original part = revision level "A" and modi ed part = revision level "B").
Features
If the modi cation does not affect the inspection of the part, you can use the existing inspection plan to inspect both the original
and modi ed parts.
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However, if the new part has to be inspected differently as a result of the modi cation, you must create a new version of the
inspection plan that takes into account the revised inspection procedures. This can be done by assigning a new revision level to
the existing plan and making the required changes to this new version of the inspection plan.
In this way, if an order is placed for the material with a revision level, the system automatically selects the appropriate
inspection plan when a delivery of new parts is received.
Activities
With the engineering change management function, you create a change master record, in which you enter the objects
to be changed (such as, material, inspection plan). A change number is assigned to the change master record.
Use the change number to make the required changes to the material in the material master and assign a revision level
to the material.
Make the changes to the original inspection plan with a change number and save.
If you create an inspection lot with a revision level, the key date for selecting the inspection plan is taken from the Valid from
date of the change number that forms the basis of the revision level (example 1).
 Example
You changed characteristic 10 in an operation for the 01.03.1999 with the revision level A. You later change the same
inspection characteristic with revision level B, so that it is valid on the 01.04.1999.
Inspection of Characteristic 10
Revision Level Used in Inspection
Example 1
On 01.05.1999
Revision level at 01.04.1999 (level B)
Example 2
On 01.04.1999 with revision level A
Revision level at 01.03.1999 (level A)
Note
When you change the inspection plan, the system creates new versions of the changed inspection plan objects (for example,
inspection plan header, operation, inspection characteristic) and stores the change number and key date in these objects.
The key date indicates when the changes come into effect.
Consistency Check for Inspection Plans
Use
If you create or change an inspection plan, the system cannot automatically check all dependencies between:
Inspection plan headers and inspection characteristics
Operations and inspection characteristics
Different inspection characteristics
Inspection characteristics and production resources/tools
Dependent characteristic speci cations and inspection characteristics
Dependent characteristic speci cations and production resources/tools
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Dependent characteristic speci cations and material/task list assignments
As a result, when you are creating or editing an inspection plan, inconsistencies can occur. Such inconsistencies can in certain
circumstances only be removed at a later date, once the production sequence is xed. For this reason, you can specify when
certain consistency checks are to be performed.
Features
The system performs a consistency check in regard to QM-speci c data for the selected (or all) task list headers. The check is
performed on a key date.
During the task list check, the system checks the consistency of the following elements and issues error messages
(inconsistency causes problems during inspection processing), warning messages (inconsistency can cause problems in
inspection processing), or information messages (inconsistency does not require direct handling). There is detailed information
about these messages in the message long text of the log.
Entire Inspection Plan
Examples of inconsistencies:
The indicator for inspection characteristics is set in the control key of an operation; however, no inspection
characteristics exist for this operation.
The indicator for inspection characteristics is not set in the control key of an operation; however, inspection
characteristics exist for this operation.
No inspection point type has been entered in the chosen sampling procedure, although the inspection plan speci es an
inspection with inspection points.
Inspection points have been entered in the inspection plan header, although neither time nor quantity has been speci ed
in the inspection operation.
Results recording by unit to be inspected has been de ned in the inspection operation. No inspection characteristics with
single-value recording or without dependent multiple samples have been included in the inspection plan.
The unit of measure for the sample cannot be converted into the base unit of measure for the material.
Note
The system performs the consistency check on the key date .
Inspection Characteristics
Examples of inconsistencies:
The formula is incorrect. As a result, automatic value calculation is not possible.
Calculated characteristics reference invalid characteristics.
There is no required characteristic as a leading characteristic for at least one conditional characteristic.
Leading characteristics are assigned to other leading characteristics.
The inspection characteristic references a production resource/tool that has been deleted in the meantime.
The dynamic modi cation criteria de ned at inspection characteristic level cannot be used for the chosen inspection plan
usage.
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A master inspection characteristic or class characteristic appears repeatedly.
Although automatic defects recording is de ned, no defect code has been de ned in an inspection characteristic.
Sample processing using inspection points has been de ned in the inspection plan header. As a result, the long text for
the sample-drawing procedure is overridden by the text from the inspection plan header, or the units of measure for the
sample and partial samples do not correspond.
Dependent Characteristic Speci cations
Examples of inconsistencies:
Dependent characteristic speci cations reference invalid material/plan assignments
Data from dependent characteristic speci cations are inconsistent with control indicators from the inspection
characteristics.
The assigned production resource/tool was deleted in the meantime.
Activities
Choose Task list check on the task list overview.
The system checks the consistency of the inspection plan and records any generated messages in a consistency log.
To display the list of messages, choose Extras Log.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (QM-PTFA)
Purpose
This component provides functions that you can use to perform a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). This is an analytical
method for locating and preventing possible defects and weak points in products and processes early on.
This method is used in Quality Management to prevent and avoid defects. Six Sigma projects can use the FMEA to identify weak
points.
Implementation Considerations
We recommend that you implement the FMEA when planning new products and processes. The component enables you use a
risk analysis to derive quality-speci c actions that ensure a high quality level.
Integration
This component is integrated with the following components:
Catalog (QM-PT-BD-CAT)
Uses the catalog for defect characteristics and actions
Inspection Characteristics (QM-PT-BD-ICH)
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Links to inspection characteristics that were used to identify a defect. These inspection characteristics can be part of an
inspection plan for the system in question.
Features
This components support different styles of FMEA. For example, the system FMEA for products and processes and the
construction FMEA, which are used in the automobile industry. Every element of the functional system is investigated for defect
possibilities, defect causes, and effects.
If the system is hierarchical or networked, you, as part of the FMEA team, follow the whole effect chain for a defect. You code or
describe functions, defect types, defect causes and effects textually.
For each possible defect, you determine the risk priority number as follows: Valuate the effect and weigh this together with a
valuation of the probability that the defect will actually cause a malfunction or breakdown. Actions to reduce the projected risk
for the whole system are aimed at the potential defects with the highest risk priority number.
Execution of a Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis
Purpose
The Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) includes the following activities:
Creating structure, function, and defect networks
Assigning characteristics
Creating actions
Evaluating defects, causes, and actions
The following roles are used when executing an FMEA. These roles are taken on by business partners that have been created in
the system:
Person responsible
Person responsible for area
Person responsible for actions
Participant
Interested parties
Changes made to the FMEA are documented in change documents.
Prerequisites
The following prerequisites must be met:
You have created the business partners involved in executing the FMEA in the system.
You have de ned possible valuation pro les in Customizing for the FMEA.
You have created the FMEA in the system and released it.
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Process Flow
1. The person responsible speci es the team that performs the analysis and optimization for the FMEA. On the
Participants tab page, enter the team members together with their role in the FMEA.
2. As a team, carry out a structure analysis .
To do this, create the lower-level element list and the higher-level element list for the FMEA. We recommend that you
decide at this point whether you want to create a separate FMEA for the system elements that you can then refer to.
You can still refer to FMEAs that already exist in the system elements.
Note
You can use links (references) to link different FMEA types in any way you require.
3. As a team, carry out a function analysis .
To do this, create one or more function lists . The content of these function lists should be different in each list. The
selection that you make here is also re ected in the codes that are used.
If available, specify the catalog pro le and the catalog on the function-list level.
Specify prerequisites for the functions that can to refer to functions of the lower-level system element. This is the basis
used to create function networks.
You can create characteristics for the functions that can refer to a master inspection characteristic.
Also create system element functions.
Note
You can use drag and drop to link a function for a system element to a function in the lower-level element list. This
creates a prerequisite with a link to the system element function.
4. As a team, carry out a defect analysis .
You can create one or more defects for a function. You can also create one or more causes or effects for a defect. The
causes can link to defects from a lower-level system element. The effects can link to defects from a higher-level system
element.
Note
You can use drag and drop to link a defect for a system element to a defect. If this is an element from the lower-level
element list , the system creates a cause with a link to the system element defect. If this is an element from the
higher-level element list , the system creates an effect with a link to the system element defect.
If a cause with a link to a defect in the current FMEA is created in a higher-level FMEA, this external defect appears as
a virtual effect in the detail data for the defect (on the Additional Information tab page). The virtual effects go into
the valuation and defect networks in the same way as the effects that are created. This means that you do not have
to maintain a cause-effect relationship twice.
5. As a team, carry out an action and risk analysis .
You normally assign the severity of a defect to the effects. However, to ensure that the valuation is consistent, the
severity is passed on from the defect of the higher-level FMEA to the defect of an element in the higher-level element list
and then to the effect.
Even if you do not have any actions, you can still assign an occurrence probability to the cause. Otherwise the risk
valuation takes place using the preventive actions that you can specify for the cause. You can also still specify detection
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actions for a cause. These specify the probability of detection.
The system uses the valuation procedure stored in every new valuation within an FMEA to calculate the risk priority
number.
6. As the person responsible, you have the following options:
You can display the networks that were created by choosing
, with the quick info text Hierarchy Display .
Depending on the component or list item that you select, this represents a structure network, a function network,
or a defect network.
You can display a table-based overview of the list items that were created by choosing
, with the quick info text
Items .
You can display a table-based overview of the actions that were created by choosing
, with the quick info
Actions.
You can output the data in an FMEA form by choosing
, with the quick info text Print Preview . SAP provides
forms according to VDA 96 and QS9000. You can also use your own forms:
If you choose
with the quick info text Forms for FMEA , you can print this preview.
If you choose
with the quick info text PDF Attachments, you can assign this preview to the current
FMEA as a PDF document.
If you choose
with the quick info text PDF Attachments, you can send this preview as a PDF
attachment in a mail to all business partners.
Result
You have documented the results of the analysis in the FMEA. You have created the basis for later veri cation and optimization
processes.
FMEA Cockpit
Use
The FMEA cockpit allows you to use all of the processing functions for all FMEA components from one screen.
The user interface contains the following screen areas:
Navigation area
Worklist or template list
Work area
Area for hierarchy view of networks
The screen areas are shown in the following graphic:
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Screen Areas in the FMEA Cockpit
Features
You can hide the navigation area and the worklist or template list. The hierarchy view is displayed only if you select it. This
means that the work area in the FMEA cockpit lls the whole screen.
Navigation Area
This screen area provides functions that you can use to create, copy, insert, paste, or delete components. As soon as you select
a component in the navigation area, the data for this component is displayed in the work area.
If you want to process a component that is in the worklist, drag and drop it to the navigation area.
In the navigation area, you can order the components in a hierarchy and arrange them. You can navigate within the structure,
and you can move certain components within the hierarchy using drag and drop.
Worklist or Template List
This screen area is used either as a worklist or as a template list.
The worklist is divided into two sections: The upper section contains the structure tree that lists the components using the
following categories:
Question list
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FMEA
Preventive or detection action
The template list is also divided into two sections: The upper section is used to store personal templates. The lower section
contains general templates for question lists, FMEAs, and actions.
You can ll both lists by dragging components from the navigation area and dropping them into the list.
Work Area
This screen area contains a header area (with the identi er for the component) and a data area that is split into tab pages. If
the system detects inconsistent data, a red traffic light is displayed in the header area (on the log pushbutton). If you choose
this button, the causes are displayed in more detail.
You can ll out FMEA form VDA96 in Select View(s) by choosing
Form with the quick info text Form-Based Entry.
Depending on the component, the following tab pages are displayed:
Basic Data
Administration
Texts
(only for the FMEA and action component categories)
Participant(s) (for the FMEA and action component categories) or Contact Person (for the question list component category)
Status
(only for the FMEA and action component categories)
Valuation Specs
(only for the following component categories: function list, function, defect, cause, effect)
Result
(only for the FMEA component category)
Control Plan (CP)
(only for the FMEA component category)
Use
(only for the characteristic component category)
Hierarchy View Area
The following are displayed in this screen area:
If you choose a defect, cause, or effect, a defect network is displayed.
If you choose an FMEA or a system element, a structure network is displayed.
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If you choose a function or prerequisite, a function network is displayed.
If you select a function, defect, defect cause, or effect in the navigation area and then choose the pushbutton for the hierarchy
view, the networks are displayed with a tree structure in the hierarchy view area.
If you choose an item in the displayed network, the corresponding component is displayed and highlighted in the navigation
area. The detailed data is displayed in the work area.
FMEA Component
De nition
Collective name for business objects that are independent parts of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). In the context
of the FMEA, the following objects are considered to be FMEA components:
FMEA
Question List
Action (Detection action and preventive action)
Note
Function lists , higher-level element lists , lower-level element lists and list items are not independent and are
therefore not FMEA components.
Use
All of the components named above are required for the FMEA.
You can use the FMEA Cockpit to edit these different components from one interface.
Processing an FMEA Component
Use
You can use the FMEA cockpit to process the different FMEA components from one interface.
Procedure
The following table contains several examples of functions that are provided in the cockpit.
To access the individual functions shown in this table, on the SAP Easy Access screen choose Logistics → Quality Management
→ Quality Planning → Failure Mode and Effects Analysis → Cockpit .
Functions in the FMEA Cockpit
Function
Icon/Menu Path
Additional Information
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Function
Create new component
Icon/Menu Path
with the quick info text Create
Additional Information
Select the category of component that you
wish to create.
Depending on the hierarchy level that you
are on (for example, question list or FMEA),
you can create different components. This
means that these are already hierarchically
assigned to the selected component when
you create the component.
In the header area on the right-hand side of
the screen, enter a unique key, a
description, and the required language for
the component.
Enter the necessary data on the tabs and
create a note or description on the Text tab.
Create component with template
with the quick info text <xyz> Using
Template
You can simplify the process of creating a
new component by using a template.
You can also copy a component from the
template list using drag and drop or trigger
creation of a component by double-clicking
a component in the template list.
If you want to create an FMEA using a
template via the menu, you can decide
whether you want to copy the actions
assigned to the template by setting the
Copy Actions indicator.
When you copy an FMEA from the template
list, all actions are always copied as well. In
this case, the actions have the status
Created and they are created without
valuations, partners, dates and times, and
so on.
Include component in worklist
with the quick info text Include in
Worklist
The selected component is included in the
worklist and you can use it as a template
from now on.
Copy component to the clipboard
with the quick info text Copy
The selected component is copied to the
clipboard.
Insert component from clipboard
with the quick info text Paste
A component that was copied to the
clipboard is inserted next to the cursor in
the navigation area if this is allowed.
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Function
Search for existing component
Icon/Menu Path
with the quick info text Find
Additional Information
In the dialog box that appears, you can
enter a search term for the component you
want to nd:
Select Identi cation if the system is to
search for the search term in the
Identi cation eld.
Select Description if the system is to
search for the search term in the
Description eld.
To start the search, choose Execute .
Search for components in the system
with the quick info text Find Objects
You can use also this function for
evaluations.
Open existing component
with the quick info text Open Object
In the dialog box that appears, you can
enter the description of the component to
be opened.
If you only want to open the component,
choose
with the quick info text
Continue .
If you want to include the component in the
worklist, choose
with the quick info text
Include in Worklist .
If you want to include the component in the
worklist and open it, choose
with the
quick info text Open and transfer to
worklist .
Show/hide hierarchy view
with the quick info text Hierarchy View
The structure, function, and defect network
is shown for the component in the hierarchy
view. In addition, a view is displayed for
visualizing inconsistencies; this contains all
reference inconsistencies for the current
FMEA.
Show worklist
with the quick info text Worklist
Change user-speci c settings
with the quick info text Settings
In the user-speci c settings, you can set a
default FMEA type, for example. The
system always proposes this FMEA type
when you create an FMEA in the FMEA
cockpit.
You can change the proposed FMEA type as
Set default FMEA type
long as the FMEA is not released.
If you have to change the FMEA type after
releasing it, you can only do this if you reset
the status of the FMEA header on the
Status tab.
Access documentation for selected
with the quick info text Extended Help
component
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Function
Icon/Menu Path
Additional Information
Assign document to the component
In the context menu, choose Create →
You use this function to assign a document
Import Document
to a component or list item.
The Business Document Navigator screen
appears where you can select the document
to be imported. After you select the
document, you can change the document
properties that were automatically assigned
by the system.
If you choose
with the quick info text
Back , you return to the FMEA.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider
(KPro) for linking documents (see Use of
the Knowledge Provider for Document Links
).
Schedule consistency checks with a
Choose Extras → Schedule Noti cation
background job
The system calls the background job
PLM_FMEA_REMINDER_01. For more
information, see Consistency Checks .
For some texts, you can load local les or save texts you have entered as local les.
If you load les that contain control characters (for example, Microsoft Word les), these control characters are interpreted as
text by the system and are displayed as such. You should, therefore, only load pure text les (ASCII les).
Texts that have been entered can only be saved locally as pure text les.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
De nition
Component containing all of the data that must be retained for an element or a process as part of a Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis. The FMEA is an independent component that can be connected in any network to represent complex systems and
processes.
Use
An FMEA is identi ed by a meaningful key and a description. You can also enter additional meaningful keys in the search eld or
in the grouping eld.You can use this key to search for a particular FMEA or particular evaluations.
Irrespective of the FMEA type, the FMEA object (also called the system element) is described using a group of elds that are
de ned in Customizing:
For a product FMEA, you de ne the FMEA object, for example, by using the Material eld.
For a process FMEA, you de ne the FMEA object, for example, by using elds that describe the work center or operation.
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If the elds are for a data element from the data repository, these elds already have a range (for example, the material master
records). If there is no range for a eld, de ne a relevant value table in Customizing for the FMEA type.
The FMEA of a whole system is made up of all of the FMEAs for the individual system elements. To access the system FMEA, you
can single out any system element and execute an FMEA for this element.You can add FMEAs for other system elements in any
order, and work on several FMEAs at the same time.
Structure
The individual components of an FMEA are arranged hierarchically as follows:
One or more function lists is created for the FMEA for the system element in question.The function list contains all system
element functions.
More than one defect can exist for each function.
A defect can have several effects. A defect can also have several causes.
You can specify more than one action (preventive and detection) for each cause.
You can assign characteristics to a function.These characteristics can be used to test the function. These inspection
characteristics are often the result of a detection action.
You can copy the inspection characteristics to an inspection plan, if required.
This hierarchy is shown in the following graphic:
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Hierarchical View of a Simple FMEA
Cause-Effect Chain
To work towards creating an FMEA for the whole system, you must also describe the way in which the system in question
interacts with the higher-level and lower-level system elements:
A function can depend on the function of a lower-level system element.
A defect in a function can affect the defect of a function in a higher-level system element.
A list of the higher-level system elements and a list of the lower-level system elements are therefore added to the FMEA. These
lists do not just contain the elements that are affected; they also contain the functions and defects that are affected.
Since a function for the system in question can depend on functions in the lower-level elements, you can assign prerequisites to
the function, if required.
If you now use the relevant links and references to build a cause-effect chain for each system in question, you can construct the
function and defect network for a system with three levels.
The links allow the system to use the information contained in the referenced data components.
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Make sure that you can determine actions only at the lower end of the cause-effect chain.In other words, make sure that you
can only determine actions for a defect cause or for a defect of a lower-level element.
The effect of a defect is always represented by an effect in the FMEA.
The following graphic illustrates these relationships:
Cause-Effect Chain
Integration
You can use Customizing for the FMEA type to de ne any ERP components as FMEA object categories.
See also:
Linking Several FMEAs
Linkage of Several FMEAs
Use
In practice, you can use the information that you get from a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) more than once.
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You can use the content of a system element FMEA for the FMEA in a similar system by copying it and adjusting the entries.
The FMEA for a men's touring bicycle can be uses as a template for the corresponding bicycle for women.
A system element that is considered in the FMEA is used in different higher-level system elements (repeated parts).
The same lighting equipment is used for both men's and women's bicycles.
A system element that is considered in the FMEA is given lower-level system elements that are replaced by different system
elements (alternative parts).
The cable is selected to match the type and color of the bicycle.
Direct Links to FMEAs
In cases two and three, the information found during the FMEA can be used again in the following cases:
If cross references to the FMEAs of corresponding higher-level or lower-level system elements are speci ed.
If cross reference are also speci ed to their functions and possible downtimes.
The data model that exists contains all references. The following graphic represents this data model:
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Direct Links to Other FMEAs
If a system element is used in another system, or is replaced by another element, other functions, defects, causes or effects
may apply. Only part of the FMEA content remains valid.
To make this clear, a commonly-used code mapping technique is used in the system:
If an FMEA is assigned to a higher-level or lower-level element, the system can use code mapping to connect functions and
defects.
This is the case if the functions and their possible defects are described not only textually, but are also described using FMEAwide unique codes. The system can recognize matching objects.
You specify the codes in catalogs, such as in the catalog for functions and defect types. The more carefully you plan these
catalogs, the higher the likelihood of you being able to use the computer to evaluate the information collected in an FMEA and
use the information again.
Ideally, the catalog of defect types that you use for the FMEA matches the catalog that you use for problem messages. This
allows you to compare the possible defects adopted in the FMEA with the defect data from actual problem messages. You can
also amend the defects as required.
Indirect Links to Other FMEAs
There are two possible cases:
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For repeated parts:
If a system element is used in different higher-level system elements, the function defects of this element may cause the same
effects in several higher-level elements.
For alternative parts:
If a system element contains lower-level system elements that can be replaced by different system elements, then the function
defects for all exchangeable elements can be the cause of a defect in the element in question.
So that you do not have to de ne the effects or causes multiple times, you can give different properties to the lists of higherlevel or lower-level elements. To do this, choose another list category from the list of lower-level elements.
These lists do not contain real elements; they contain logical elements. Each of the logical elements represents a whole group
of real elements. The logical elements are linked to the real elements that they represent as follows: You create FMEA links as
data objects for the logical element. These data objects carry the actual link to the FMEA of the represented element.
This is shown in the following graphic:
Indirect Links to Other FMEAs
This data model recognizes only links to the FMEAs of higher-level or lower-level elements. It does not recognize links to the
functions and defects that are assigned to the FMEA object. The system uses code mapping to determine which functions and
defects match the system element in question.
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You decide whether to use this alternative data model when you create the lists of higher-level or lower-level elements. You can
set the descriptions of all structure elements in Customizing.
You do not need to create effects in networked FMEAs if the relevant cause-effect relationship is speci ed in the higher-level
FMEA. In this case, a virtual effect appears in the additional information for the defect.
Processing an FMEA
Use
The FMEA data record is created for the execution of a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. Relevant documents (construction
drawings) and question lists or checklists are assigned to the FMEA.
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The system displays the initial screen for the FMEA.
2. If you want to create a new FMEA, choose New FMEA in the context menu of the navigation area. If you want to create
an FMEA using an FMEA that is already in the system, choose New FMEA Using Template.
Note
If you want to create an FMEA using a template, you can decide whether you want to copy existing actions from the
template by setting the Copy Actions indicator.
3. In the header area on the right-hand side of the screen, enter a unique key, a description for the FMEA, and the required
language.
4. Enter an FMEA type on the Basic Data tab.
5. Enter the required data on the tabs.
6. On the Texts tab, you can create notes and/or a description. All of the usual editor functions are available.
7. If you want to assign the current FMEA documents, select the FMEA in the navigation area and choose Create Import
Document in the context menu.
The system opens the Business Document Navigator . You can use this to create or import documents. These
documents are then assigned to the FMEA.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
Note
If you want to use the object service provided for the FMEA, choose
with the quick info text Services for Object .
8. You have the following options:
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If you want to assign a released question list to the FMEA, choose Create Assign Question List in the navigation
area.
The system copies the question list that was selected as the template into the current FMEA. In this question list,
you can change questions, create new questions, or delete existing questions.
If you want to assign a question list directly from an FMEA, select the FMEA in the navigation area and choose
Create Question List/Question for FMEA in the context menu.
If you want to assign a question list directly to an FMEA, select the FMEA and choose Create Assign Question
List in the context menu.
If you want to create a new question or question list for an FMEA, choose
with the quick info text Question
List/Question for FMEA .
If you want to use an FMEA question list or question to create a new question or question list for an FMEA, choose
with the quick info text Question List Using Template .
9. In the right-hand screen area, enter the required data for the question list on the tabs.
If you want to assign the current question list to FMEA documents, select the question list in the navigation area and
choose Create Import Document in the context menu.
The system opens the Business Document Navigator . You can use this to create or import documents. These
documents are then assigned to the FMEA question list.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
10. Release the FMEA and save.
Result
You have created an FMEA that can contain one or more question lists.
To delete an FMEA, select the required FMEA in the navigation area and in the context menu, choose Delete .
See also:
Consistency Checks
Use of the Knowledge Provider for Document
Links
Use
You use this function to assign a document to an FMEA or an FMEA component.
Prerequisites
In Customizing for the FMEA under Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Control
Data Data Objects: Properties, Forms , you have set the Use KPro (Use Knowledge Provider for Document Link) indicator.
Features
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Using the Knowledge Provider, you can create document directories in the FMEA and thus group your documents. You can edit
imported documents and create new documents.
Activities
1. In the navigation area, you select the FMEA component to which you want to assign a document.
2. Open the context menu:
If you want to create a document directory, choose Create Document Directory.
If you want to create a new document, choose Create Create Document .
A document management dialog box appears in which you can de ne the properties of the document. Choose
Start Editor to create the content of the document.
If you want to assign an existing document, choose Create Import Document .
A dialog box appears in which you can select documents. When you have selected a document, the document
management dialog box appears with the properties of the document. The MIME type of a document can be
changed so that you can create documents with different MIME types for an FMEA or an FMEA component.
Choose Save to save the document assignment.
Consistency Checks
Use
In the FMEA cockpit , you can run consistency checks for an FMEA. You have the following options:
You can run a complete consistency check for one FMEA. The results are displayed in the form of messages in an
application log.
You can run a consistency check for one FMEA that relates to references only and let any inconsistencies found be
correct automatically. You can display the results of a consistency check that relates to references only for an FMEA in
the hierarchy view in the FMEA cockpit.
You can schedule and run consistency checks that relate to references only for several FMEAs using a background job. In
this case, noti cation of any inconsistencies found is sent to speci c persons.
Prerequisites
If you are using your own FMEA types, you should note the following:
You have adapted your active implementations for the enhancement spot PLM _AUDIT_TYPE for each FMEA type for
which this function is required, so that the menu options to start the consistency check are visible and the function itself
is supported.
You have assigned the structure type 510 to the FMEA type.
If you are working with the standard FMEA types 80 and 81, the structure type 510, and the standard implementations PLM
_AUDIT_TYPE_FMEA_01 and PLM _AUDIT_STRUCTURE_510, you do not need to make any further adjustments.
Features
The system runs the following consistency checks:
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If checks for all higher-level and lower-level functions and defects of an FMEA whether references to defects and
functions of the corresponding lower-level or higher-level FMEAs are missing.
It checks whether the valuation of defects as effects is greater than or the same as the maximum valuation of all effects
below them in the hierarchy.
It checks whether the same codes were used in defects and functions of the FMEA in question as in the defects and
functions to which there are references.
It checks whether a valuation was entered for defects, causes, and effects.
It checks whether an action is assigned to all causes of an FMEA for which an action is required.
It checks whether all FMEAs to which the FMEA in question has a reference also have a reference to the FMEA in
question.
And vice versa: It checks whether the FMEA in question has a reference to all FMEAs that have a reference to the FMEA
in question.
It checks whether the list of the higher-level and lower-level functions and defects of an FMEA is up-to-date and
complete.
Activities
To access the individual functions shown in this table, on the SAP Easy Access screen choose Logistics Quality
Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Cockpit .
Functions for Consistency Check
Function
Menu Path
Additional Information
Run a consistency check for an FMEA
For the FMEA root node, choose
If the system nds inconsistencies, it
Consistency Check in the context menu.
displays them in the application log.
In addition, there is the option of displaying
the messages relating to reference
inconsistencies in the hierarchy view. For
this, you use the implementation of the
BAdI BADI_ PLM _AUDIT_STRUCTURE.
From the hierarchy view, you can use
forward navigation to jump to the place
causing the problem.
Run a consistency check for an FMEA and
For the FMEA root node, choose Check and
If the system nds inconsistencies, it
have inconsistencies found corrected
Update in the context menu.
updates the FMEA on the basis of the
automatically
results. This means, for example, it adds
functions and defects to a higher-level or
lower-level FMEA that were not yet included
in the checked FMEA. Or it deletes
functions or defects that are marked as not
relevant and that no longer exist in the
corresponding higher-level or lower-level
FMEA.
Then the system displays the changes it
made in the change log.
Schedule consistency checks with a
background job
Choose Extras Schedule Noti cation .
The system calls the program PLM
_FMEA_REMINDER_01 via a background
job. To de ne a job to run consistency
checks, choose the option FMEAs when
de ning the selection criteria. This allows
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the Check Consistency radio button to be
displayed. If you choose this option, the
possible criteria by which the job can select
the FMEAs to be checked become visible.
In addition, in the area below you can
specify the person(s) to be noti ed. Criteria
can be: the creator, the changer of an FMEA,
or another speci c user.
Note
Note the effects of the Not Relevant indicator on the Check and Update consistency check. For more information, see
Editing a Higher-Level Element List .
Accessing a Control Plan or FMEA from a
Quality Noti cation
Prerequisites
You have performed the following IMG activities in Customizing, under Quality Management Quality Noti cation Noti cation
Processing Additional Noti cation Functions De ne Action Box .
You have maintained the following activities for the noti cation type (for example, Q3), under De ne Functions for the
Action Box:
Control Plans for Material (SAP function module QMQP_ND_FIND_CPLAN)
FMEAs for Material (SAP function module QMQP_ND_FIND_FMEA)
You have speci ed a quality noti cation for a noti cation type (for example, Q3).
Context
You can access a control plan (CP) or a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) from a quality noti cation. This means that
you can branch directly to a control plan or FMEA when you receive a problem message, for example, a customer complaint,
where a certain material is affected. For example, you can check whether a probable defect has already been identi ed, and
make adjustments as required.
Procedure
1. Call up the quality noti cation for the noti cation type in the following way: On the SAP Easy Access Screen, choose
Logistics Quality Management Quality Noti cation Display .
The system displays the initial screen for the quality noti cation.
2. In the Activity Box screen area, you can select and display control plans or FMEAs for the material.
To choose a control plan, select Control Plans for Material.
A dialog box for restricting the value range appears.
To choose an FMEA, select FMEA for Material.
The selection screen for the FMEA monitor appears.
3. Select one of the following steps for the Control Plan or FMEA:
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Control Plan:
The material affected and the plant are displayed in the dialog box. Choose
.
The control plans for the material and the plant are displayed in a list.
FMEA:
The material that is affected is displayed as an FMEA object on the selection screen for the FMEA monitor. The
default FMEA type is System FMEA Product.
Choose
.
The FMEAs for the material are displayed in a list.
4. To select a control plan or FMEA, double click on it in the list.
Results
You branched from a quality noti cation to a certain material when processing a control plan or FMEA. You can now make
changes to the inspection data in a control plan or in an FMEA. For example, you can include new characteristics.
Calculation of the Risk Priority Number
Use
To be able to judge objectively the current state of a process or product and the effect of actions during the course of a Failure
Mode and Effects Analysis, it is possible to calculate the risk priority number (RPN) of an FMEA automatically.
This is possible as soon as you have determined the valuations for causes and effects of defects and entered them in the
system.
You valuate effects of defects, for example, with regard to their signi cance at the highest level of the scope of analysis or at
the de ned interface to the higher-level system.
You valuate causes of defects, for example, with regard to how high their probability of occurrence is during the lifespan of the
product or process, taking into account the corresponding preventive actions.
With the probability of detection, you valuate the probability for the detection of a defect, taking into account all the relevant
detection actions.
In addition, you can specify a minimum result for the calculation of the risk priority number for each hierarchy level of an FMEA.
This minimum result must be reached for the valuation to count as a pass at this level. If the calculated risk priority number
exceeds the speci ed minimum result, improvement actions should be taken.
You can specify a minimum result for the following levels:
FMEA header
Function list
Function
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Defect
Cause
Prerequisites
In Customizing for Quality Management under Quality Planning → Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) → FMEA De nition
→ FMEA Types , you have chosen the method for calculating the risk priority number for the relevant FMEA types and all lower
levels.
In the standard system, this is the calculation procedure 80 that is delivered with the implementation PLM_AUDIT_CALC_80 of
the BAdI PLM_AUDIT_CALCULATE.
In addition, in Customizing for Quality Management under Quality Planning → Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) →
FMEA De nition → FMEA Types , you can set a default value for the minimum result.
Features
Calculation of the Risk Priority Number
The system calculates the risk priority number for each potential defect of a function as follows:
It chooses the effect with the greatest signi cance B (highest number of points in valuation).
It chooses the cause with the greatest probability of occurrence A (highest number of points in valuation).
If one or more detection actions are assigned to the defect cause, the system chooses the highest probability of detection E
(lowest number if points in valuation) from all the assigned detection actions that have at least the status Con rmed .
The risk priority number results as follows: RPN = B * A * E.
Note the following:
The system calculates the risk priority number only when you have recorded a valuation for at least one effect and one cause for
at least one defect. In this case, the Valuation Entered indicator is set.
Also, the status of the FMEA must be at least Released .
When you make a change in the FMEA that is relevant for the risk priority number, the system recalculates the risk priority
number with the next release of the data.
If no con rmed or completed detection action is entered for a cause that is relevant for the risk priority number, the system
accepts the maximum possible value (that is, 10) for the corresponding number of points in valuation.
The risk priority number can accept a maximum value of 1000.
Within an FMEA, the system passes the risk priority number upwards through the hierarchy, such that if, for example, a number
of defects are assigned to a function, the system always takes the highest risk priority number of all the defects assigned to the
function. It also follows the same principle for the levels above this.
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Effect of the Minimum Result
When you create an FMEA, the minimum result de ned in Customizing for the FMEA type is copied automatically to the FMEA
header.
When you create hierarchy levels (function list, function, and so on) beneath the FMEA, the minimum result is copied over as
follows:
If a minimum result is entered in the header of the FMEA for which the hierarchy levels are created, this is used.
If no minimum result is entered in the FMEA header, the minimum result for the FMEA type of the higher-level FMEA is taken.
This method of inheritance only applies when creating hierarchy levels. If you change the minimum result in the FMEA header,
this change is not passed on to the hierarchy levels that were already created.
If the calculated risk priority number is smaller than or equal to the minimum result entered, the result is valuated as a pass for
this level.
If the calculated risk priority number is greater than the minimum result entered, the result is valuated as a fail for this level.
Activities
The calculation of the risk priority number is done in the FMEA cockpit in the following cases, as soon as the FMEA has at least
the status Released , and the Valuation Entered indicator is set for one cause and one effect beneath one defect.
When data is released or by navigation that causes a data release
When you change a valuation directly or indirectly by changing an action
When you choose the Valuate pushbutton on the Result tab page in the FMEA header
Question List
De nition
Multilingual collections of questions that are answered during the execution of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). A
question list can be structured hierarchically.
There are two different types of question list for the FMEA:
Master-record question list
This question list simply serves as a copy template for FMEA question lists. It does not contain any reply elds.
Question list for FMEA
This question list is used for the FMEA. It is a (modi ed) copy of the master-record question list and contains reply elds.
Use
You can assign the question list as a supporting element for an FMEA. For example, you can use it to evaluate conformity to
speci ed regulations or to provide a checklist for preparation. The assignment of question lists to an FMEA is optional.
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You can copy one or more question lists to an FMEA. When you do this, each item that is copied from a question list is given a
reference to the original question list item. You can then change the copied items, mark or delete questions that are not
relevant, and add additional questions.
An authorization group (display, change) is stored in the question list.
Documents can be assigned to a question list.
Structure
A question list can contain as many hierarchy levels as required (for example, element, criterion, subcriterion, question). Each of
these hierarchy levels can, in turn, contain additional hierarchy levels. You can plan the allowed valuation for each hierarchy
level.
Processing a Question List (Master Record)
Use
You can execute a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) using a question list. Question lists (for example, standard question
catalogs or company-speci c question catalogs) can be created as master records and then copied and modi ed at a later date
to carry out the FMEA.
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
2. If you want to create a new question list, choose New Question List in the context menu of the navigation area. If you
want to create a new question list using a question list that is already in the system, choose New Question List Using
Template .
3. In the header area on the right, enter a unique key, a description for the question list, and the required language.
4. Enter the required data on the tabs.
5. On the Texts tab, you can create notes and/or a description. All of the usual editor functions are available.
6. If you want to assign the current question list to FMEA documents, select the FMEA in the navigation area and choose
Create Import Document in the context menu.
The system opens the Business Document Navigator . You can use this to create or import documents. These
documents are then assigned to the FMEA.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
7. If you want to create a new element, choose
with the quick info Element in the navigation area. If you want to create
an element using an element that is already in the system, choose
with the quick info Element Using Template . The
same procedure applies when creating questions.
Note
Depending on the settings made in Customizing, the description of the lower-level hierarchy levels (in this case
“element” and “question”) in the question list can vary.
8. In the right-hand screen area, enter the required data for the lower hierarchy levels on the tabs.
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Note
The eld description for the identi cation is the dependent on the settings made in Customizing (for example,
element or question). In addition, the eld (required eld) for the hierarchy pro le is only ready for input at the
highest hierarchy level (question list).
9. Assign a possible valuation for each question.
When the data is released, the system checks the valuation and issues an error message if a value is not allowed.
10. If you want to assign documents to the one of the hierarchy levels (for example, element or question), select the
required hierarchy level in the navigation area and choose Create Import Document in the context menu .
The system opens the Business Document Navigator . You can use this to create or import documents. These
documents are then assigned to the FMEA.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
11. Save the question list.
Result
You have created a question list that consists of one or more hierarchy levels. Question lists, lower-level hierarchy levels and
assigned documents are represented by different symbols in the navigation area.
If you choose
Questions in the right-hand screen area, the system displays all question list items for the current question list.
If you choose
Print Preview in the right-hand screen area, the system displays the current question list in the print preview.
You can print this preview (
Form for Question List ), you can assign it to the current question list as a PDF document (
PDF Attachment ), or you can send it in the form of a PDF document in a mail to all business partners (
PDF Attachment ).
You can also use your own forms.
You can change an existing question list or a lower hierarchy level at any time. To do this, double-click the required object in the
navigation area and then make the required changes.
To delete an existing question list or a lower hierarchy level, select the required object in the navigation area and choose Delete
in the context menu.
Processing a Question List for the FMEA
Use
A question list is normally needed to execute a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The person responsible uses a
template (such as a standardized question catalog, a company-speci c question catalog, or a prede ned question list) to create
a question list for a speci c FMEA, or creates a new question list or question for the FMEA.
Prerequisites
You have created an FMEA.
If you want to assign a question list, it must be available in the system and released.
Procedure
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1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The system displays the initial screen for the FMEA.
2. In the navigation area or the worklist, select the FMEA for which you want to create a question list:
If you want to create a new question list for the FMEA, choose
with the quick info Question List/Question for
FMEA .
If you want to assign an existing question list, choose
with the quick info Assign Question List .
Note
The system copies the question list that was selected as the template to the current FMEA. In this question
list, you can change questions, create new questions, or delete existing questions.
3. In the header area on the right, enter a unique key, a description for the FMEA question list, and the required language.
4. Enter the hierarchy pro le for the question list.
5. Enter the required data on the tabs.
6. On the Texts tab, you can create notes and/or a description. All of the usual editor functions are available. In addition,
you can load local les or save texts you have entered as local les.
If you load les that contain control characters (for example, Microsoft Word les), these control characters are
interpreted as text by the system and are displayed as such. You should, therefore, only load pure text les (ASCII les).
Texts that have been entered can only be saved locally as pure text les.
7. You have the following options:
If you want to create a new part, choose
with the quick info Part in the navigation area.
If you want to create a new element, choose
with the quick info Element .
If you want to create a new question, choose
with the quick info Question .
Note
Depending on the settings made in Customizing, the description of the lower hierarchy levels (“part” and
“question” in the case described above) in the question list can vary.
8. In the right-hand screen area, enter the required data for the lower hierarchy levels on the tabs.
The eld description for the identi cation is dependent on the settings made in Customizing (for example, part, element,
or question). In addition, the eld (required eld) for the hierarchy pro le is only ready for input at the highest hierarchy
level (question list).
9. Assign a possible valuation for each question.
When the data is released, the system checks the valuation and outputs an error message if a value is not allowed.
10. If you want to assign documents to the one of the hierarchy levels (for example, part, element or question), select the
required hierarchy level in the navigation area and choose Create Import Document.
The system opens the Business Document Navigator .You can use this to create or import documents. These documents
are then assigned to the FMEA question list.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
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11. Save the question list for the FMEA.
Result
You have created a question list for the FMEA. This consists of one or more hierarchy levels. The question list, the lower
hierarchy levels, and the assigned documents are represented by different symbols.
If you choose the pushbutton
Valuation in the right-hand screen area, you can record and con rm FMEA results for FMEAs
that have been released.
You can change an existing FMEA question list or a lower hierarchy level at any time. To do this, double-click the required object
in the navigation area and then make the required changes.
To delete an existing question list or a lower hierarchy level, select the required object in the navigation area and choose Delete
in the context menu.
Function List
De nition
Contains all of the de ned functions, prerequisites, characteristics, defects, causes, and effects for a object from a Failure Mode
and Effects Analysis (FMEA). A function list is not an independent component; it is always created for a FMEA.
Structure
The hierarchy levels for the function list are prede ned by the hierarchy pro le. The following hierarchy pro le is supplied in the
standard system:
Function List
Function
Prerequisites
Characteristic
Defect
Cause
Characteristic
Effect
Integration
You can assign documents to a function list.
A catalog pro le and catalogs for the code selection of lower-level list items can be assigned to a function list. You can assign a
master inspection characteristic to a characteristic.
Editing a Function List
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Use
A function list is needed to execute a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). In the function list, you document the functions,
defects, and so on, that are speci ed for the FMEA.
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The system displays the initial screen for the FMEA.
2. In the FMEA navigation area, choose Create Functions in the context menu and enter the required data on the tabs.
3. Select the speci ed function list in the FMEA navigation area and choose Create Function in the context menu.Enter
the required data on the tabs.
4. To create additional lower-level list items, follow the same procedure.
5. To create additional functions for the function list, repeat step 3.
Note
You can use copy and paste in the navigation area to copy functions and their defects from an element list.
If you select the Valuation Decoupled from Reference indicator, you can specify that the valuation from the reference
object is not taken into account but instead the local valuation, for example, from locally assigned actions. You can then
also assign local actions.
It is also possible, if required, to use this indicator to switch between a local valuation and a valuation resulting from a
reference. This means that, for a cause, for example, it is possible to switch between the valuation originally taken from
the reference and the valuation resulting from any assigned actions, because the actions are retained even when the
indicator is deselected.
The indicator can be set for:
Effects with a reference that originate from the defect in a higher-level element
Causes with a reference that originate from the defect in a lower-level element
The following restrictions apply for the indicator:
The indicator can only be set in change mode.
The indicator is only visible for effects and causes that have a reference object.
6. To assign documents to the function list or a function, select the function list or function in the navigation area and
choose Create Import Document in the context menu.
The Business Document Navigator opens.You can use this to create new documents or assign existing documents.
You can also use the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for
Document Links ).
7. Save the function list and the assigned functions.
Result
You have created a function list and one or more assigned functions. Function lists, functions, and assigned documents are
represented by different icons.
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Higher-Level Element List
De nition
Contains all system elements that the FMEA object is used in, or contains all process steps that are executed subsequently. The
higher-level element list contains all elements whose functions depend on the FMEA object.
A higher-level element list is not an independent component; it is always created for an FMEA.
Structure
The hierarchy levels for the higher-level element list are prede ned by the hierarchy pro le. The following hierarchy pro les are
supplied in the standard system:
Hierarchy pro le with direct links to an FMEA for a system element
Higher-Level Element List
System Element/Process Step (The system can refer to another FMEA.)
Function (The function can refer to an FMEA function that is speci ed in the system element.)
Defect (The defect can refer to an FMEA defect that is speci ed in the system element.)
Hierarchy pro le with multiple links to several FMEAs for a system element (using codes to map between functions and
defects).
Higher-Level Element List
System Element/Process Step
FMEA Link (The FMEA link can refer to another FMEA.)
Function (The function is linked, using code mapping, to the FMEA functions that are speci ed in the
FMEA links.)
Defect (The defect is linked, using code mapping, to the FMEA defects that are speci ed in
the FMEA links.)
Integration
You can assign documents to a higher-level element list.
You can specify a catalog pro le and catalogs in the system to support code selection.
Editing a Higher-Level Element List
Use
A higher-level element list is normally needed to execute a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).
Procedure
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1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The system displays the initial screen for the FMEA.
2. In the FMEA navigation area, choose Create Higher-Level Elements or Create Higher-Level Elements with Multiple
Refs. in the context menu.
3. Enter the required data on the tabs.
4. In the navigation area, select the list you created and in the context menu, choose Create Element .
5. Enter the required data on the tabs.
6. To create additional lower-level list items, proceed in a similar way.
When you have assigned an FMEA to the element, you can use the context menu for the element to choose the following
functions in the navigation area:
To copy functions from the FMEA, chooseCreate Copy Functions.
To copy functions and their defects from the FMEA with a reference to the original, chooseCreate Copy
Functions + Defects.
7. If you want to create additional elements for this list, repeat steps 4 and 5.
The Not Relevant indicator on the Basic Data tab relates to functions and defects. It is only visible for functions and
defects for higher-level or lower-level elements. It can only be set in the following cases:
When the FMEA is in change mode
When the function or defect is not yet referenced in the FMEA itself by a cause or effect
When a defect is not yet assigned any action
Setting the indicator has the following effects:
The function or defect is not taken into account when the risk priority number is calculated and the valuation
elds are initialized and can no longer be changed.
When the Check and Update function is executed, only such functions and defects are taken into account for
automatic deletion.
It is not possible to reference such functions and defects within the FMEA in causes or effects.
8. To assign documents to the higher-level element list or its list items, select the list item or list and in the context menu,
choose Create Import Document .
The Business Document Navigator opens.You can use this to create new documents or assign existing documents.
You can also assign documents using the Knowledge Provider (KPro) (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for Document
Links ).
Result
You have created a higher-level element list. Higher-level element lists and assigned documents are represented by different
icons.
See also:
Consistency Checks
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Lower-Level Element List
De nition
Contains all system elements that the FMEA object is composed of, or contains all process steps that precede the FMEA object.
The lower-level element list contains all elements on whose functions the FMEA object depend.
The references speci ed in the lower-level element list are used to form structure, defect and function networks that cover the
whole FMEA.
A lower-level element list is not an independent component; it is always created for an FMEA.
Structure
The hierarchy levels for the lower-level element list are prede ned by the hierarchy pro le. The following hierarchy pro les are
supplied in the standard system:
Hierarchy pro le with direct references to an FMEA for a system element
Lower-Level Element List
System Element/Process Step (The system can refer to another FMEA.)
Function (The function can refer to an FMEA function that is speci ed in the system element.)
Defect (The defect can refer to an FMEA defect that is speci ed in the system element.)
Hierarchy pro le with multiple links to several FMEAs for a system element (using codes to map between functions and
defects).
Lower-Level Element List
System Element/Process Step
FMEA Link (The FMEA link can refer to another FMEA.)
Function (The function is linked, using code mapping, to the FMEA functions that are speci ed in the
FMEA links.)
Defect (The defect is linked, using code mapping, to the FMEA defects that are speci ed in
the FMEA links.)
Integration
You can assign documents to a lower-level element list.
You can specify a catalog pro le and catalogs in the system to support code selection.
Editing a Lower-Level Element List
Use
A lower-level element list is normally needed to execute a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).
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Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The system displays the initial screen for the FMEA.
2. In the FMEA navigation area, choose Create Lower-Level Elements or Create Lower-Level Elements with Multiple
Refs. in the context menu.
3. Enter the required data on the tabs.
4. In the navigation area, select the list you created and in the context menu, choose Create Element .
5. Enter the required data on the tabs.
6. To create additional lower-level list items, proceed in a similar way.
When you have assigned an FMEA to the element, you can use the context menu for the element to choose the following
functions in the navigation area:
To copy functions from the FMEA, chooseCreate Copy Functions.
To copy functions and their defects from the FMEA, chooseCreate Copy Functions + Defects.
7. If you want to create additional elements for this list, repeat steps 4 and 5.
The Not Relevant indicator on the Basic Data tab relates to functions and defects. It is only visible for functions and
defects for higher-level or lower-level elements. It can only be set in the following cases:
When the FMEA is in change mode
When the function or defect is not yet referenced in the FMEA itself by a cause or effect
When a defect is not yet assigned any action
Setting the indicator has the following effects:
The function or defect is not taken into account when the risk priority number is calculated and the valuation
elds are initialized and can no longer be changed.
When the Check and Update function is executed, only such functions and defects are taken into account for
automatic deletion.
It is not possible to reference such functions and defects within the FMEA in causes or effects.
8. To assign documents to the lower-level element list or its list items, select the list item or list and in the context menu,
choose Create Import Document .
The Business Document Navigator opens.You can use this to create new documents or assign existing documents.
You can also assign documents using the Knowledge Provider (KPro) (see Use of the Knowledge Provider for Document
Links ).
Result
You have created a lower-level element list.
Lower-level element lists and assigned documents are represented by different icons.
List Items
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De nition
All lower-level elements that are created for a list using the hierarchy pro le. This can be a function list , higher-level element
list , lower-level element list , or a question list .
The display and functions for a list item are prede ned by the list item type (such as characteristic, function, or defect) that is
stored in the hierarchy pro le for the hierarchy level.
Actions
De nition: Detection Action
Action to identify possible defects before the product is delivered to customers.
Detection actions refer to defect causes. The detection actions are assigned to causes that can trigger the defect.
You can assign as many detection actions as required to a cause.
De nition: Preventive Action
Action to prevent defects from occurring.
Preventive actions are assigned to causes.
You can assign as many preventive actions as required to a cause.
Use
Actions contain the action description, the person responsible, dates, the processing status and the valuation of the probability
of detection or probability of occurrence.
Processing an Action
Use
You create a detection action to identify possible defects at an early stage.
You create a preventive action to avoid possible defects.
Prerequisites
You have speci ed a cause for the defect in the system.
You have released the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) (status "Released").
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Cockpit .
The initial screen for the FMEA appears.
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2. Select the desired cause in the navigation area and choose Create Detection Action or Preventive Action in the
context menu.
If the cause refers to a defect in a lower-level system element, you must create the action for the lower-level defect.
3. Manually assign a unique key for the action. Enter the required data on the tabs.
On the Contact Person tab, enter the person who is responsible for deciding on the action. If the responsible person
rejects the action at a later date, this must be documented.
To assign documents to the action, select the action in the navigation area and choose Create Import Document in the
context menu.
You can use the Business Document Navigator or the Knowledge Provider (KPro) for linking documents (see Use of the
Knowledge Provider for Document Links ).
4. You must open the action in order to document that the action has moved from the planning phase into the execution
phase. Choose
with the quick info Open .
5. Enter a probability of detection or probability of occurrence.
6. To document the successful implementation of an action, choose the Con rm pushbutton or set the system status
Con rm . The action then has the status Con rmed . When you do this, the recorded probability is included in the
calculation.
Alternatively, you can reject an action. If the action has the status Outstanding , but it cannot be implemented, change
the status of the action to Complete on the Status tab. The action then has the status Completed . This means that it
was not implemented and is documented on forms as Rejected . The action is not included in calculations.
Result
You have created a detection action to identify possible defects at an early stage, or you have created a preventive action to
avoid defects.
Tracking Actions
Use
The person who is responsible for the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) monitors all actions that are de ned for FMEAs.
The person responsible for actions is in charge of the execution and con rmation of actions.
Prerequisites
You have created detection or preventive actions for the FMEA.
Procedure
1. Choose SAP Easy Access Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis ->
Monitor.
2. Activate the Actions and To Be Processed selection buttons.
If necessary, restrict the selection by entering other search criteria.
3. To call the list of actions that are to be completed, choose
with the quick info Execute and double-click on an action.
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The display mode for actions appears.
4. Switch to change mode.
5. Check the con rmation for the actions that are to be processed and, if required, accept the con rmation.
6. Complete the action by choosing the status Complete . Save the changes.
Note
You can also monitor actions by calling up the action overview directly in the FMEA.
You can also use the dates in the action and the FMEA dates for automatic noti cation. In the FMEA cockpit, choose
Extras Plan Noti cation .
Digital Signature in Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis
Use
The SAP system provides you with the digital signature, a tool enabling you to electronically sign and approve digital data. The
digital signature ensures that only those users with the appropriate authorization can perform certain tasks. The name of the
undersigned person, and the date and time are documented in the signed document.
You can use digital signatures for the following objects in Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA):
FMEA
Preventive / detection actions for an FMEA
Integration
In the SAP system, the digital signature is implemented by the Basis component Secure Store and Forward (SSF). This provides
you with various signature methods. If you use the user signature as the signature method, you require an external security
product that is linked to your SAP system using SSF.
For more information about digital signatures, see Approval Using Digital Signatures .
Prerequisites
You have made the general settings for a digital signature (see Approval Using Digital Signatures).
You have activated the digital signature for FMEA in Customizing under Quality Management Quality Planning Failure
Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).
You have made the settings for this under Control Data Digital Signature.
Under FMEA De nition FMEA Types , you have speci ed the signature strategy for each FMEA type and de ned
when a digital signature is necessary (for example, when con rming or completing an FMEA).
This setting also means that you can search for FMEAs that are not completely signed in the FMEA monitor.
You have released the FMEA.
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Features
You can use digital signatures to sign FMEAs and their preventive / detection actions for the following process steps:
Valuate FMEA (with one signature)
Complete FMEA (with one signature and a signature strategy)
Con rm preventive / detection action (with one signature)
Complete preventive / detection action completion (with one signature)
Con rm and complete preventive / detection action in one step (with one signature)
If you perform a process step that requires a signature, a dialog box automatically appears where you enter the digital
signature.
Once you have signed an FMEA, you can no longer change the FMEA. If you have completed and signed FMEAs or actions, you
can no longer change the properties of the FMEAs or actions.
If there are still outstanding actions, the FMEA can only be given the status Completed with Outstanding Actions and it has to
be signed. When the last outstanding action has been completed, the Completed status is automatically set. It does not have to
be signed again.
If you reset the Completed status, the system also resets the signature. If you close an FMEA or an action again, the signature
process is automatically triggered again.
You can display the signature history for each FMEA and for each action in the signature log.
If at least one signature strategy has been con gured for an FMEA type, you can select FMEAs with incomplete signatures in
the FMEA monitor and monitor the incomplete signature processes for completion in the hit list.
Activities
For more information, see Working with Digital Signatures in FMEA .
Working with Digital Signatures in FMEA
You can call the functions listed in the table below from the SAP Easy Access screen by choosing Logistics Quality
Management Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA Cockpit FMEA.
Working with digital signatures
Function
Navigation
Additional Information
Provide digital signature for FMEA result at
Choose the Result tab page, then
The Signature Provided status is
header level and valuate FMEA
Valuate Signature.
automatically set for the FMEA.
A dialog box appears, in which you can sign.
Provide digital signature at header level
Choose the Status tab page and set the
If you have chosen Individual Signature in
when completing an FMEA
Complete status.
Customizing, the status Completed and
A dialog box appears, in which you can sign.
Signature Provided or Completed with
Outstanding Actions and Signature
Provided is automatically set.
If you have chosen a multi-level signature
strategy in Customizing and you have
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provided the rst signature, the status is
set to Completed and Partial Signature for
Completion Provided or to Completed
with Outstanding Actions and Partial
Signature for Completion Provided . The
status is not set to Completed and
Signature for Completion Provided or
Completed with Outstanding Actions and
Signature for Completion Provided until
the last signature has been provided.
If changes need to be made to the FMEA
after the rst signature has been provided,
an authorized person can reset the Partial
Signature status. The signature process
must then be restarted.
Provide digital signature for preventive /
Choose the Status tab page for the action
If an action has been signed, its status
detection action
and set the status Con rmed or
becomes Con rmed or Completed .
Completed .
A dialog box appears, in which you can sign.
Open digital signature log
Choose Quality Management Quality
The digital signature history is displayed.
Planning Failure Mode and Effects
Analysis Environment Digital Signature
Logs.
Search for incomplete signatures when
Choose Logistics Quality
The results list contains the FMEAs that
completing FMEAs
Management Quality Planning Failure
were not completely signed when
Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA
completed. If you select an FMEA and
Monitor .
choose Digital Signature , the signature
Select FMEAs as the object and the Partial
Signature status and choose Execute .
steps with the signatures that have already
been provided are displayed.
Select FMEAs as the object and the All
The results list contains all FMEAs. Only if
status and choose Execute .
you select an FMEA with incomplete
signatures and choose Digital Signature do
you see the signature steps with the
signatures provided for incomplete
signature processes.
Evaluations with the FMEA Monitor
Use
You can use the monitor for the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA monitor) to search for all components using various
different search criteria. For example, you can:
Display and evaluate all FMEAs
Display all list items and specify which list items use speci c codes
Determine the number of detection or preventive actions that are being processed
Select overview lists of FMEAs, FMEA list items or actions, based on the identi cation characteristic (name, search eld,
grouping) and other elds.
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These lists are used for evaluation purposes or provided as worklists. You can store your settings as a selection variant
so that you can repeatedly select data objects using the same criteria without having to enter the values every time.
Integration
The evaluation using the FMEA monitor accesses all data that was created in the system as part of the FMEA.
Activities
The following table contains several examples of functions that are provided in the FMEA monitor.
To access the individual functions shown in this table, choose SAP Easy Access Logistics Quality Management Quality
Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Monitor .
Function
Display detail view of selected component
Symbol/Menu Path
with the quick info Detail Display for
Additional Information
-
FMEA Component
Print data related to the selected
component on a form.
Display details about the selected entry in
with the quick info Print FMEA
-
Component
with the quick info Details
-
with the quick info Sort Ascending
-
the list.
Sort the list entries according to a selected
column.
with the quick info Sort Descending
Search for particular terms within the list.
with the quick info Search
-
Set lter
with the quick info Set Filter
-
Print list
with the quick info Print
-
Choose layout for list or change layout
with the quick info Choose Layout and
-
with the quick info Change Layout
See also:
Track actions
Risk Analysis
Use
You can run a risk analysis for the causes in an FMEA based on detection actions and preventive actions and the severity of
defects, and represent the risk using risk matrixes.
You can start the risk analysis for one or more FMEAs from the FMEA monitor and from the FMEA cockpit. The risk analysis
shows an overview of the risk situation, based on the speci ed FMEAs and using risk matrixes. It takes all causes of the speci ed
FMEAs into account and analyses them.
Prerequisites
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In Customizing for Quality Management under Quality Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Risk Analysis , you
have created the risk matrixes and risk analysis pro les:
Under De ne Risk Matrixes , you have de ned one or more risk matrixes.
You have de ned at least one risk analysis pro le and assigned at least one risk matrix to it.
Features
In a risk analysis, the risk situation is represented using different con gurable risk matrixes. The risk analysis can represent the
actual or target analysis. All analyzed causes of the selected FMEAs are shown in a list. Each risk matrix shows in each cell the
number of causes with their respective valuations.
The risk analysis is based on the following valuation categories:
Probability of occurrence at the level of preventive actions or directly at the level of the cause
Probability of detection at the level of detection actions
Severity at the level of the effects
You can combine the risk of these three categories in different risk matrixes.
From the valuation, the following results are determined:
Classi cation in each risk matrix
Each cause is classi ed by the risk matrixes that are assigned to the risk analysis pro le used. The following
classi cations are possible: 0 (green), 1 (yellow), 2 (red) You make the assignment in Customizing.
Total risk
A combined risk value can be calculated for a cause that was classi ed in different matrixes. The risk value is derived by
adding the different matrixes together.
If, for example, a cause was classi ed in three matrixes where it has one each of the classi cations yellow (1), green (0),
and red (2), the total risk is 1 + 0 + 2 = 3. The total risk provides information about which general risk a cause has. In
Customizing, you specify whether a matrix is used to calculate the total risk.
Traffic light color
You can de ne a traffic light color for the risk of a cause. The traffic light color results from the classi cation of a cause in
the various matrixes. You de ne the traffic light colors in Customizing.
In Customizing, you specify whether a matrix is used to determine the traffic light color.
Activities
You can perform the risk analysis in the FMEA monitor and the FMEA cockpit.
FMEA Monitor
1. When you start the FMEA monitor, you can select one or more FMEAs for which you want to start the risk analysis.
2. You then choose Risk Analysis pushbutton.
A dialog box appears in which you can specify the risk analysis pro le.
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3. The risk analysis is displayed according to the settings in Customizing. You can switch between the target and actual
analysis.
4. If you click a cell in a matrix that shows a number of classi ed causes, the corresponding causes are selected in the table.
5. In reverse, you can use the table to show the position of certain causes in the matrixes. To do this, select the causes in
the table and choose Select in Matrix in the Display column.
FMEA Cockpit
In the FMEA cockpit, you open the risk analysis by selecting an FMEA and choosing Risk Analysis in the context menu.
With Risk Analysis with Lower-Level Elements, you can specify that all lower-level FMEAs are also included in the risk analysis.
Actual/Target Analysis
Use
You can perform the risk analysis for actual values and for target values. In risk analysis, you can choose between the two
analysis views.
Features
Actual Analysis
The valuations that are displayed in the actual view are derived as follows:
Probability of occurrence:
The actual probability of occurrence of a cause results either from the valuation of the last con rmed preventive action,
or is directly valuated at the level of the cause if no preventive actions exist. It is possible that no actual probability of
occurrence can be determined for a cause. In this case, the item cannot be taken into account in a risk matrix in which
the probability of occurrence is represented.
Probability of detection:
The actual probability of detection of a cause results from the valuation of the last con rmed detection action. If no
detection actions exist, the value 10 is assumed for the actual probability of detection.
For the actual analysis, the total risk and the traffic light colors are derived from the classi cations of the risk matrixes that
result from the actual valuations.
Target Analysis
The valuations that are displayed in the target view are derived as follows:
Probability of occurrence:
The target probability of occurrence of a cause results from the most optimistic (= lowest) valuation of the preventive
actions that were created or outstanding but not yet con rmed for which a target valuation is entered. If no created or
outstanding preventive actions with a target valuation exist, the target value is the same as the actual value. If no actual
value exists, the default value in the valuation pro le that is stored at the level of the item is taken as the target value.
Probability of detection:
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The target probability of detection of a cause results from the most optimistic (= lowest) valuation of the detection
actions that were created or outstanding but not yet con rmed for which a target valuation is entered. If no uncon rmed
detection actions with a target valuation exist, the target value is the same as the actual value.
For the target analysis, the total risk and the traffic light colors are derived from the classi cations of the risk matrixes that
result from the target valuations.
Useful Tips and Utilities
The following documents contain some useful tips and utilities:
Übersicht FMEA mit Problemlösungen
Worklist
Processing Worklist for Components
Template List
Processing Template List for Components
FMEA Overview with Troubleshooting
You can process all relevant components (such as FMEAs or actions) in the FMEA cockpit . The FMEA monitor is used for online
evaluations.
What do you want to do?
Process an FMEA component
Process an FMEA
Execute an FMEA
Process a question list (master record)
Process a question list for the FMEA
Edit a function list
Edit a higher-level element list
Edit a lower-level element list
Perform an FMEA evaluation
Track actions
Process your worklist and your template list for components
Troubleshooting
The following table contains possible problems that you may encounter and proposes solutions to these problems.
Problem
Proposed Solution
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Problem
One of the following problems occurred when you were calling up
the print preview for a component:
A screen appears where you have to enter a printer
Proposed Solution
Check that a printer has been speci ed in the user master
record.
Check that Adobe Acrobat is installed on your PC.
The error message “Error reading data for XY” is output
The error message “Error formatting data for XY” is output
A blank page is displayed in the print preview
Descriptions/notes that were loaded as local les contain special
You have loaded text les that contain control characters (for
characters that are not part of the text
example, Microsoft Word les). These control characters are
interpreted as text by the system and output.
You should, therefore, only load pure text les (ASCII les).
Texts/descriptions that are downloaded from the system are not
Texts/descriptions can only be downloaded from the system in
formatted
pure text format.
You cannot move a component into the navigation structure
Switch to change mode, since it is only possible to move objects
that are loaded in change mode in the navigation structure.
Check whether you have the authorization to change the
object.
Check whether the status of the object allows changes to
be made.
Insert the object that you want to move directly below the
higher-level node.
Worklist
De nition
User-speci c lists of components for the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA components) that enable quick access to the
components that the user needs for their daily work.
Use
You can execute the following functions in the worklist:
Open an FMEA component that is in the worklist
Include a new FMEA component in the worklist
Remove an FMEA component from the worklist
Empty the worklist
Structure
The worklist is divided into two areas:
Components
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In this area, the components that you previously included in the worklist are displayed.
Components Last Processed
In this area, the components that you worked on last are displayed.
Note
Depending on your system, the following may occur if you use the Audit Management component, and then switch
between the FMEA cockpit and Audit Management: You see the last ve FMEA components that were processed in
the worklist. You return to Audit Management. Here, six audits are displayed. If you now return to the FMEA cockpit,
you do not see any FMEA components.
Processing Worklist for Components
Use
The worklist provides convenient and quick access to the FMEA components that you work on.
Prerequisites
To make use of the worklist function for FMEA components, the components must already exist in the system.
Procedure
To access the functions shown in this table, choose SAP Easy Access Logistics Quality Management Quality Planning Failure
Mode and Effects Analysis Cockpit .
Function
Symbol/ Context menu
Additional information
Show worklist in navigation area
with the quick info Worklist
-
Hide worklist
with the quick info Close Window
-
Open a component that is in the worklist
Include new component in worklist
Select the component and choose Open in
You can only open components that are
the context menu
selected.
Select the component and choose Include
In the dialog box that appears, you can
in Worklist
enter the description of the component to
be included.
You can include a component that is
currently being processed in the worklist by
selecting it and then choosing the symbol
with the quick info Include in Worklist.
Remove component from worklist
Empty the worklist
Select the component and choose Remove
You can only remove selected components
from Worklist
from the worklist.
Choose Empty Worklist in the context
This removes all selected components from
menu.
the worklist.
Note
The components you last worked on are listed in the worklist under Components Last Processed. You can de ne the number
of entries contained in this list by choosing Extras Settings .
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Template List
De nition
List of FMEA components (question lists, FMEAs) that you can use as a template when creating a component. The template list
provides convenient and rapid access to the component templates that you need.
Use
You can execute the following functions in the template list:
Create an FMEA component as a template
Create an FMEA component as a template based on another template
Include a new FMEA component in the template list
Remove an FMEA component from the template list
Empty the template list
Note
Due to technical reasons, if you use the Audit Management component, question lists and actions from the audit may
also be displayed in the template list in the FMEA cockpit.
Processing the Template List for
Components
Use
The template list allows for convenient and rapid access to components that you want to use as templates.
Prerequisites
To make use of the template list function, components must already exist in the system.
Procedure
To access the individual functions shown in this table, choose SAP Easy Access Logistics Quality Management Quality
Planning Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Cockpit .
Function
Calling up template list
Create component as template
Symbol/ Context menu
with the quick info Templates
Choose Create in the context menu.
Additional information
You must select the folder, in which you
want to create a component.
Create a component as a new template
Choose Create with Template in the context
You must select a component to use as the
based on another template
menu.
template.
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Function
Symbol/ Context menu
Additional information
Include new component in template list
Choose Include in Templates in the context
In the dialog box that appears, you can
menu.
enter the description of the component to
be included.
Remove a component from the template list
Delete template list
Choose Remove from Templates in the
You can only remove selected components
context menu.
from the template list.
Choose Empty Personal Templates in the
This function will remove all components
context menu
from the template list.
Control Plan (QM-PT-CP)
Use
This component provides functions that you can use to perform comprehensive inspection planning, as required according to
the international standard, ISO/TS16949. It is used in combination with the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (QM-PT-FA)
component. The control plan (CP) and the FMEA play a central role in integrated inspection planning for goods receipt
inspections and inspections during production.
Both components allow you to prevent production defects at an early stage during product development, in particular for new
developments. This reduces quality costs.
A control plan is implemented for the whole production process. The control plan provides the basis for creating the inspection
plans and inspection operations during the subsequent production process.
Integration
This component is integrated with the following components:
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (QM-PT-FA):
You can copy an FMEA, all of its lower-level FMEAs, and their determined product and process-related risk characteristics
into a control plan.
Task lists (PP-BD-RTG) and inspection plans in inspection planning (QM-PT-IP):
The control plan ensures that the determined FMEA characteristics are also considered as inspection characteristics in
the corresponding task lists and inspection plans.
Object link from SAP Collaboration Projects (cProjects) to the control plan:
You can link a project in cProjects to a control plan in SAP ERP.
Note
You can also enter your own project number to link a control plan to a project from another project management
system.
For more information, see Assigning a Project Number in the Control Plan.
Quality Noti cation (QM-QN)
You can branch from a quality noti cation to the FMEA display or the control plan display.
For more information, see Accessing a Control Plan from a Quality Noti cation.
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Features
This component supports the implementation of a control plan as part of APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning). This is
particularly required in the automobile industry. The production process is split into three phases: prototype, prelaunch and
production You can create and edit individual control plans for inspections in these three phases.
This component provides the following functions that you can use when working with a control plan:
Function
Additional Information
Control plan functions
Edit the control plan
You can create, change, display and simulate a control plan. You can also
allocate different authorizations for processing a control plan.
Status management
You can display a system status and a user status.
Copy FMEA to control plan
You can assign one or more FMEA(s) to the control plan.
Copy characteristics
You can copy critical characteristics from an FMEA or other source into the
control plan. You use this function to decide which characteristics are to be
copied to the corresponding task lists or inspection plans. You also decide
at which stage in the process the characteristics are to be included to the
inspection.
Perform a consistency check
You use the consistency check to see whether the relevant task lists and
inspection plans contain all of the assigned FMEA characteristics.
Display change documents for the control plan
You can display all changes made to a control plan.
Display CP structure with master data selection
An overview of the relevant master data is displayed in the structure
display.
Display or change an object
You can choose an object from the CP structure view (such as material,
BOM or document). You can branch to change or edit mode for the object
by using the context menu.
Print a control plan in a form
You can print a control plan as a PDF-based print form, according to the
international standard QS 9000.
Functions when working with the control plan (CP)
Create task list or inspection plan
You can create a task list or inspection plan for a control plan item or for
processes.
Change task list or inspection plan
You can branch from the control plan into the change mode for a task list or
inspection plan.
Assign a project number in the control plan
You can assign a cProjects project number to a control plan.
Access a control plan or an FMEA from a quality noti cation
You can access a control plan or an FMEA from a quality noti cation
Control plan settings
You can make settings in Customizing for Quality Management, by choosing
Quality Planning Control Plan .
Control Plan
De nition
The control plan (CP) describes how products and processes are monitored. It contains actions that are executed for each
phase of the process. In addition, the requirements for goods entry and goods issue inspections, for process controls, and for
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recurring inspections and controls are stored in the control plan so that the process can be controlled.
Use
The Control Plan contains tasks for inspecting and monitoring products and processes during product development. These tasks
cover goods receipt, goods issue, process requirements, and periodic receivables for the inspection and for monitoring.
Together with the FMEA, the control plan provides an overview of the critical characteristics that are included in all relevant
inspections for an end product. This also includes all product components contained in the end product.
Control plans can be created with or without a material. They are used in three production phases. The following control plan
types are provided for each phase. These are de ned in Customizing:
Prototype
Pre-launch
Production
Structure
The control plan comprises of a control plan header and a processing and display eld that is operated via the tab page.
Control plan screen areas
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Control plan header
The control plan ID and the language is displayed in the control plan header.
Tab pages and processing or display elds
The following table gives an overview of the individual tab pages and the corresponding processing or display elds:
Tab
Processing or display elds
Basic data
All of the basic data de ned for a control plan is visible at a glance, for example, short text,
project number, material and system status. You can select the data using the mouse, or you can
open the input help and process it here.
Long text
You can create a long text from the control plan to give more details.
Partners
You can choose business partners and their speci c role for the control plan.
Structure
All of the objects that belong to the control plan are displayed. You can expand the structure.
The last level expanded can be a recursive object.
 Note
In Customizing, you can use the structure type de ned with the control plan type to de ne
exible assignment of various master data. The master data is linked using processes.
You can copy the characteristics from here.
(Control plan items)
A piece list is normally not available in the “Prototype” production phase. You can de ne control
plan items for the product component and process these items, without having to set up material
numbers.
 Note
You must always assign process types to a control plan item. If this assignment is missing, the
control plan item is process-dependent and is listed in the structure of all processes.
FMEA
An overview of all the FMEAs that are assigned to the control plan is displayed. Two status
displays are available:
A traffic light status shows whether the control plan contains all FMEA characteristics.
A further traffic light status shows whether the lower-level FMEAs are referenced in the
control plan.
You can branch to the FMEA from the display eld.
Print preview
In the print preview, you can display and print the control plan as a PDF-based print form,
according to the international standard QS 9000.
Integration
The control plan is integrated with the following components:
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (QM-PT-FA)
You can copy a FMEA and all its lower-level FMEAs into a control plan. You can also switch between the control plan
display and the FMEA display for processing or adjusting FMEAs. For more information, see Copying an FMEA into a
Control Plan.
Task lists (PP-BD-RTG) and inspection plans in inspection planning (QM-PT-IP):
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You can create and change task lists and inspection plans based on the control plan. For more information, see Creating
a Task List or Inspection Plan based on the Control Plan or Changing a Task List or Inspection Plan based on the Control
Plan.
Quality Noti cation (QM-QN)
You can branch to the corresponding control plan or FMEA from a quality noti cation and back. Here you can carry out
inspections or make adjustments. For more information, see Accessing a Control Plan or FMEA from a Quality
Noti cation.
Controlling the Production Process Using the
Control Plan
Use
This process provides an overview of the way in which you implement the control plan as part of the processes in a
comprehensive inspection plan.
A control plan is created in different production phases; from the prototype phase to prelaunch and production. You can access
a control plan in every phase of this process, and you can adjust it as required.
Prerequisites
You have assigned the control plan to a project.
Failure Mode and Effects Analyses (QM-PT-FA) are already determined.
Process
1. An expert team in your organization conducts a Failure Mode and Effects Analsyis. The team determines critical
characteristics for the product that indicate a high risk of defects. They specify relevant actions to avoid these defects.
2. You use the control plan to create new task lists or inspection plans, or suitable task lists or inspection plans that you can
asign in the control plan already exist in the system.
3. You copy the characteristics identi ed in the FMEA to a control plan.
The integration of the FMEA and the control plan in the SAP ERP Central Component enables you to link objects directly
from other processes, such as, materials, BOMs, quality noti cations or task lists.
4. You check the status of the FMEA characteristic. This is displayed in the traffic light status. Finally, you use a consistency
check to see whether the control plan (relevant inspection plans and task lists) contains the characteristics.
5. You can start production of a new product in the prototype phase, or in the prelauch or production phases. The control
plan ensures that all of the inspections required for the identi ed characteristic are carried out.
Comprehensive inspection planning is still adhered to, since new results from customer complaints or problem messages
can be compared and checked with the preventive actions previously de ned. If a characteristic needs to be changed,
adjust the control plan to match the new result status.
Result
You have copied the results of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) into the control plan. You have then checked these
results, and, if necessary, included customer complaints. You have created a basis for optimizing your production processes. You
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can close the “Prototype” or “Prelauch” phase and move to the next production phase.
Accessing a Control Plan or FMEA from a
Quality Noti cation
Prerequisites
You have performed the following IMG activities in Customizing, under Quality Management Quality Noti cation Noti cation
Processing Additional Noti cation Functions De ne Action Box .
You have maintained the following activities for the noti cation type (for example, Q3), under De ne Functions for the
Action Box:
Control Plans for Material (SAP function module QMQP_ND_FIND_CPLAN)
FMEAs for Material (SAP function module QMQP_ND_FIND_FMEA)
You have speci ed a quality noti cation for a noti cation type (for example, Q3).
Context
You can access a control plan (CP) or a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) from a quality noti cation. This means that
you can branch directly to a control plan or FMEA when you receive a problem message, for example, a customer complaint,
where a certain material is affected. For example, you can check whether a probable defect has already been identi ed, and
make adjustments as required.
Procedure
1. Call up the quality noti cation for the noti cation type in the following way: On the SAP Easy Access Screen, choose
Logistics Quality Management Quality Noti cation Display .
The system displays the initial screen for the quality noti cation.
2. In the Activity Box screen area, you can select and display control plans or FMEAs for the material.
To choose a control plan, select Control Plans for Material.
A dialog box for restricting the value range appears.
To choose an FMEA, select FMEA for Material.
The selection screen for the FMEA monitor appears.
3. Select one of the following steps for the Control Plan or FMEA:
Control Plan:
The material affected and the plant are displayed in the dialog box. Choose
.
The control plans for the material and the plant are displayed in a list.
FMEA:
The material that is affected is displayed as an FMEA object on the selection screen for the FMEA monitor. The
default FMEA type is System FMEA Product.
Choose
.
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The FMEAs for the material are displayed in a list.
4. To select a control plan or FMEA, double click on it in the list.
Results
You branched from a quality noti cation to a certain material when processing a control plan or FMEA. You can now make
changes to the inspection data in a control plan or in an FMEA. For example, you can include new characteristics.
Editing the Control Plan
Use
The following options are available for editing a control plan (CP): Depending on the employee's role in company, you can
allocate different authorizations for editing a control plan.
The following table contains a summary of the functions for editing control plans.
Procedure
To call the individual functions in the table, on the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics Quality Management Quality
Planning Control Plan Cockpit .
Function
Icon
Create control plan
Choose
Additional Information
.
To create a control plan, specify an ID for the control plan in the
Control Plan input help. Use the input help to choose, for example, a
Plan Type.
Create inspection plan
Choose
.
with template
To create a control plan with a template, specify an ID for the control
plan in the Control Plan data eld. Use the input help in the Template
eld to to choose, for example, a template. You can also select a Plan
Type.
Change control plan
Choose
.
To change a control plan, enter the control plan ID in the Control Plan
eld.
Display control plan
Choose
.
To display a control plan, enter the control plan ID in the Control Plan
eld.
Simulate control plan
Choose
.
This function is provided so that certain user groups can test the
control plan functions by creating and changing a control plan without
needing authorization.
Choose the required plan type in the Plan Type input eld. You can
use the input help to help you.
Caution
The data that you enter is only intended for test purposes. The
system does not save any data in the simulation mode.
Assignment of a Project Number in the
Control Plan
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Use
You can assign an external project number to the control plan (CP) in your system.
If the connection to cProjects is set up in Customizing, you can call SAP Collaboration Projects (cProjects) to display projects
and to call up the input help for the project number.
Note
You can only link your cProjects project to a control plan using an object link. For more information, see Creating an Object Link.
Recommendation
We recommend that you use the control plan from the ERP system to make sure that inspection planning is integrated in the
Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP). The control plan provides integration in the relevant master data for logistics.
Alternatively, you can use the “Control Plan” available in cProjects. However, the functions in this control plan are limited.
Prerequisites
You have created a project with a project number in cProjects.
Features
In the control plan screen area on the Basic Data tab page, you can use the Project Number input eld. You can use the input
help to select the desired project from cProjects.
Note
You can enter a project from another project management system in the Project Number input eld.
Copying FMEA into a Control Plan
Context
You can copy a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) into the control plan (CP).
The system checks in the control plan, to see whether all FMEA characteristics from the copied FMEA and all subordinate
FMEAs are completely copied.
Procedure
1. Choose the FMEA tab page in the edit mode for the control plan. You can choose new FMEAs from a table, or FMEAs that
you have already used are displayed.
2. Choose an empty row in the FMEA column, and use the input help to select the desired FMEA.
3. To display all lower-level FMEAs, choose
.
4. The two traffic light statuses in the table indicate whether the control plan contains the FMEA characteristics and all
lower-level FMEAs.
If you want to branch directly to the FMEA, choose
in the Display FMEA column.
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If you want to copy another FMEA, repeat steps 2 to 3.
If you want to delete a FMEA from the table, select the row for the FMEA that is to be deleted and choose
.
Results
You have copied a FMEA into a control plan.
You can now assign FMEA characteristics to the relevant operations in the task lists and inspection plans. For more information,
see Copying Characteristics.
You can also perform a consistency check to display objects that may be missing.
Copying Characteristics
Prerequisites
You have assigned a task list and an inspection plan to a control plan item for the prototype phase.
From the control plan, you can also create a new task list or inspection plan for a control plan item.
You have speci ed all of the objects (such as material, plant, key date, inspection plan or task list) that are relevant for
the control plan in the prelauch and production phases.
From the control plan, you can also create a new task list or inspection plan for a process.
In the task list or inspection plan, you have speci ed operations for which the characteristic is planned.
Note
If there are not yet any operations speci ed in the task list or inspection plan, you can branch from the CP structure view to a
task list or inspection plan. Here you can specify operations in edit mode:
1. Choose Show Plan Header in the context menu of the task list or inspection plan. The plan header is displayed in the
Engineering Workbench (EWB).
2. Switch to change mode and choose Plans Operations in the operations overview.
3. Create the required operations.
For more information, see Processing Inspection Operations.
4. Finally, choose
5. Choose
to return to the CP structure display.
to update the structure display.
Context
When you copy critical characteristics from a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to the control plan (CP), you can link the
FMEA characteristics to the inspection characteristics that belong to the corresponding inspection plans and task lists.
Procedure
1. Choose the Structure tab page in the edit screen for the control plan.
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The tree structure shows an overview of all of the inspection plans that belong to the control plan.
2. Choose an inspection plan or task list by placing your cursor on the relevant symbol.
3. Choose Copy Characteristic in the context menu of the task list or inspection plan. The system displays the screen for
copying characteristics to the control plan.
You see an overview of the plan structure for the task list or inspection plan. You also see a table containing FMEA
characteristics and a table containing inspection characteristics.
4. Select an FMEA in the Characteristic Origin input eld.
Note
If you want to use other characteristic origin, apart from the FMEA, you must rst specify these in Customizing using
the BAdI De ne Characteristic Origin. You will then be able to use additional characteristic origins, which will appear
in a dropdown list in the Characteristic Origin input eld.
Select an FMEA in the FMEA input eld.
5. Choose Load Characteristics.
The FMEA characteristics are listed in the FMEA Characteristics table.
6. Choose the characteristic that you want to use from the list. In the plan structure for the operations, select the
operation that you want to assign the characteristic to.
7. Choose
.
Alternatively, you can use drag and drop to assign the characteristic to the desired operation in the plan structure.
A characteristic can be used multiple times for different operations.
The new characteristic to be copied is displayed in the Inspection Characteristic table.
Note
You can only specify new characteristics in a task list or inspection plan. You cannot process characteristics that are
already in a task list or inspection plan.
8. In the Inspection Characteristics table, enter an inspection characteristic number in the Inspection Characteristic
column. This allows you to identify the inspection characteristic in the operation. It also, for example, allows you to
determine the order used for the display of the characteristics in the control plan.
You can also enter additional data, such as Unit of Measure, Lower Limit Value or Upper Limit Value.
9. Check all of the copied characteristics. To do this, choose
characteristics can be copied.
10. Choose
. The system displays a log. This shows whether the
. The system displays a log. This shows whether the system copied and saved characteristics successfully.
11. Finally, choose
to return to the CP structure display.
Caution
The characteristics are valid from the moment that they are copied. If the characteristics are not displayed on the
Structure tab page in the CP structure view, check the Selection Date on the Basic Data tab page, under Structure
Speci cations.
If the selection date is after the date on which the characteristic was copied, the characteristic is displayed in the
control plan structure.
Results
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You have copied one or more characteristics from an FMEA to the control plan. You have also assigned these characteristics to
an operation in the corresponding task list or inspection plan.
You can also perform a consistency check, to check whether the FMEA characteristics were considered in the corresponding
inspection plans or task lists.
Performing a Consistency Check
Use
You can use the consistency check to check whether the relevant inspection plans and task lists contain all of the characteristics
from a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) that were assigned to a control plan (CP). If you have assigned additional
FMEAs to the FMEA for a component, this function also checks that all of the lower-level FMEAs have been copied to the control
plan.
Prerequisites
You have assigned one or more FMEA(s) to the control plan.
Procedure
To perform a consistency check, proceed as follows:
1. Choose the Basic Data tab page in the control plan screen area.
2. Under Status, choose
.
In the Inspection Result eld, you can see the status together with the date and time of the consistency check. The
following statuses are used:
Status
Pushbutton
Additional Information
OK
Display Inspection Result
The control plan is consistent.
You can display a detailed log. To do this, choose Display
Inspection Result.
Warnings occurred
Display Inspection Result
For example, a warning noti cation text can indicate that an
inspection characteristic from a task list or inspection plan refers
to an FMEA characteristic that has been deleted.
You can display a detailed log. To do this, choose Display
Inspection Result.
The problem class and detailed noti cation text are displayed for
the warning.
Error occurred
Display Inspection Result
For example, an error noti cation text can indicate that an FMEA
characteristic is not included in the control plan.
You can display a detailed log. To do this, choose Display
Inspection Result.
The problem class and detailed noti cation text are displayed for
the error.
3. If you see a warning or error message, make the necessary corrections.
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Result
You have performed a consistency check and made any necessary changes to ensure that the control plan is consistent. This
means that the corresponding task lists and inspection plans contain all characteristics (such as from an FMEA) that are
assigned to the control plan.
Creating a Task List or Inspection Plan Using
the Control Plan
Use
From the structure display of the control plan (CP), you can create a task list or inspection plan. The following applies for the
production phases described below:
Prototype
You can create new task lists or inspection plans for control plan items.
Prelaunch/Production
You can create new task lists or inspection plans for processes.
Prerequisites
You have not yet assigned any task lists or inspection plans to a control plan item for the Prototype phase.
For the Prelauch and Production phases, you have assigned the Task List and Inspection Plan component type to the
process in Customizing.
Procedure
To create a task list or inspection plan in the prelauch, production, or prototype phase, proceed as follows:
1. Choose the Structure tab page in the edit mode for the control plan.
2. For the Prelaunch or Production phase, place your cursor on the symbol for a process. For the Prototype phase, place
your symbol on a control plan item.
To do this, choose Create Plan in the process context menu or in the control plan item.
A dialog box appears.
3. Enter the required data for the new task list or inspection plan (for example, a short text and a plant).
4. In the CP structure display, choose
to update the structure display.
Note
You can also assign existing task lists or inspection plans to a control plan item.
To do this, choose the Items tab page in the processing screen for the control plan. Enter an item in the table. Assign a task
list or inspection plan to the item. From the structure display of the control plan (CP), you can change the task list or
inspection plan.
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Result
You have created a new task list or inspection plan. You can now process the new task list or inspection plan. For more
information, see Changing a Task List or Inspection Plan based on the Control Plan.
Change Task List or Inspection Plan Based
on Control Plan
Context
From the structure display for a control plan (CP), you can branch to the display mode for a task list or inspection plan. You can
then switch to change mode to make the required adjustments.
Procedure
1. Choose Structure in the edit mode for the control plan.
2. Place the cursor on the symbol for a task list or inspection plan. Choose Show Plan Header in the context menu of the
task list or inspection plan. This takes you to the control plan display in the Engineering Workbench (EWB).
3. Choose
and make the required changes.
4. To return to the structure display for the control plan, choose
.
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