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Exercise 24.2
1. I have never seen a girl more prudent than Horatia.
2. I have encountered many girls more prudent than Horatia.
3. No; you are wrong; Horatia is much wiser than the rest
- erro, errare, erravi: to wander; to be mistaken; to err (error)
4. No one was stronger than Achilles
sum, esse, fui
5. I dont trust/believe you; I have seen many men stronger then Achilles
6. No, you are wrong; Achilles was the bravest of all heroes.
7. ..
fuit (perfect) vs. erat (imperfect) = both translated as “was.” What’s the difference?
- erat (imperfect) = continuous, incomplete past action
- irata erat. – I was mad. (I was mad for a continuous time in the past)
- irata fuit. – I was mad. (I was mad just once)
Review: Adjectives
- adjectives describe nouns; however, in Latin, the adjectives must match the noun they describe
in:
- gender
- number
- case
* Just because the endings (of the noun and the adjective) don’t match, it doesn’t mean that they
don’t agree
- adjectives in Latin decline:
- magnus, -a, -um (1st/2nd)
M F N
- masculine (M): adjective declines w/ 2 nd declension endings
- feminine (F): adjective declines w/ 1 st declension endings
- neuter (N): adjective declines w/ 2 nd declension endings, NEUTER pattern
- Masculine Pattern (2 nd declension endings, masc/fem. pattern)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
magnus
magni
Gen.
magni
magnorum
Dat.
magno
magnis
Acc.
magnum
magnos
Abl.
magno
magnis
- Feminine Pattern (1 st declension endings)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
magna
magnae
Gen.
magnae
magnarum
Dat.
magnae
magnis
Acc.
magnam
magnas
Abl.
magnā
magnis
- Neuter Pattern (2 nd declension endings, NEUTER pattern)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
magnum
magna
Gen.
magni
magnorum
Dat.
magno
magnis
Acc.
magnum
magna
Abl.
magno
magnis
(Positive) Adjectives of the 3 rd Declension
* ALL i-stem (they pick up the -i- before the -um ending in the genitive plural; pick up the -i- before
the -a ending for neuters, nom/acc plurals; ablative singulars end in -i, NOT -e)
- celer, celeris, celere: 3 termination
M
F
N
 Masculine Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
celer
celeres
Gen.
celeris
celerium
Dat.
celeri
celeribus
Acc.
celerem
celeres
Abl.
celeri
celeribus
 Feminine Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
celeris
celeres
Gen.
celeris
celerium
Dat.
celeri
celeribus
Acc.
celerem
celeres
Abl.
celeri
celeribus
 Neuter Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
celere
celeria
Gen.
celeris
celerium
Dat.
celeri
celeribus
Acc.
celere
celeria
Abl.
celeri
celeribus
- fortis, -e: 2 termination
M/F N
 Masculine/Feminine Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
fortis
fortes
Gen.
fortis
fortium
Dat.
forti
fortibus
Acc.
fortem
fortes
Abl.
forti
fortibus

Neuter Pattern
Singular
Nom.
forte
Gen.
fortis
Dat.
forti
Acc.
forte
Abl.
forti
Plural
fortia
fortium
fortibus
fortia
fortibus
- felix, felicis: 1 termination
ALL GENDERS – Understanding the rules of 3 rd declension endings in the i-stems
 Masculine/Feminine Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
felix
felices
Gen.
felicis
felicium
Dat.
felici
felicibus
Acc.
felicem
felices
Abl.
felici
felicibus
 Neuter Pattern
Singular
Plural
Nom.
felix
felicia
Gen.
felicis
felicium
Dat.
felici
felicibus
Acc.
felix
felicia
Abl.
felici
felicibus