Download 6th grade PASS Review

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8
Grade PASS Review
Earth’s Structures and Processes
1
The model below summarizes the key
characteristics of one of Earth’s layers. Which of
the following would be the best title for this
model?
•Outermost layer
•Thinnest layer
•Least dense
layer
•Solid rock (basalt
& granite)
A. Core
B. Lithosphere
C. Crust
D. Mantle
2
Which of the following describes a difference
between the oceanic crust and the continental
crust?
A. The oceanic crust is thicker than the continental crust.
B. The oceanic crust is more dense than the continental crust.
C. The oceanic crust is liquid and the continental crust is solid.
D. The oceanic crust is made of iron, the continental crust is made of
magnesium.
3
Convection currents cause which layer of the
Earth to flow slowly?
A. Inner core
B. Lithosphere
C. Oceanic crust
D. Asthenosphere
4
The chart below illustrates the location and some
key characteristics of the Mantle. Which of the
following characteristics could also be added to
this chart?
Mantle
A. Least dense layer
B. Most dense layer
 Middle layer
 Iron and magnesium
 Hot softened rock
 Asthenosphere
C. Density increases with depth
D. Density decreases with depth
5
Earth’s core is divided into two parts, the inner
core and the outer core. Which statement below
accurately compares the two parts of Earth’s
core?
A. The inner core is thicker than the outer core.
B. The inner core is made of nickel the outer core is made of iron.
C. The inner core is solid and the outer core is slow flowing liquid.
D. The inner core is made of basalt and the outer core is made of
granite.
6
The image below demonstrates the seismic wave
activity (P waves and S waves) from a recent
earthquake. Analyze how the P waves and S
waves move through Earth’s layers. This
illustration best supports which of the following?
A. The outer core is made
of liquid.
B. P waves travel faster
than S waves.
C. P waves are longitudinal
and S waves are
transverse.
D. Surface waves cause the
most damage.
7
The model below shows two seismic waves
created by an earthquake. What inference can be
made about the Orange wave?
A. The orange wave represents an
S wave.
B. The orange wave represents a
P wave.
C. The orange wave represents a
surface wave.
D. The orange wave represents a
longitudinal wave.
8
Forces that are great enough to cause rocks to
break are called faults. A Strike-slip fault is most
closely related to which of the following?
A. Compaction
B. Compression
C. Tension
D. Shearing
9
The model below shows the triangulation of
a recent earthquake. Which point below
represents the epicenter of this earthquake?
A. Point 1
B. Point 2
C. Point 3
1
4
D. Point 4
3
2
10
The graph below shows data from a recent
seismic event. Analyze the speed and movement
of the P waves and S waves. This data best
supports which of the following conclusions?
A. The mantle is the
densest layer.
B. The inner core is solid.
C. S waves travel faster
than P waves.
D. P waves travel fastest in
the Lithosphere.
11
The model below depicts data collect from a
recent earthquake. This model represents which
of the following?
A. Seismogram
B. Compression
C. Triangulation
D. Secondary waves
12
The diagram below models the steps scientists use
for conducting the triangulation of an earthquake.
Which of the following explains the importance of
Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio in the process of
triangulation?
A.
Surface waves from the earthquake caused the most damage at each of these locations.
B.
Fault lines at these locations where the cause of the earthquake that occurred in Austin.
C.
Seismographs at each of these locations are used to create a seismogram of the
earthquake.
D.
These cities represent the location of three major earthquakes that occurred at the
same time.
13
Which of the following would be the best
title for the model below?
A. Fault-block mountain
B. Strike-slip mountain
C. Folded mountain
D. Subduction zone
14
Which term below would be the best title for
the model below?
A. Triangulation
B. The Rock Cycle
C. Mountain Building Forces
D. Geologic Plate Boundaries
15
Use the terms below to label the model below.
Some terms may be used more than once, and
some labels may use multiple terms.
Igneous
Label 4
Intrusive
Extrusive
Label 5
Sediments
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Label 3
Label 1
Label 2
16
What is the difference between the focus and the
epicenter of an Earthquake?
A. The focus is the amount of energy released, and the epicenter is
the location where the most damage occurs.
B. The focus is the location where the most damage occurs, and the
epicenter is the amount of energy released.
C. The focus is the location inside Earth’s crust where the earthquake
begins, and the epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface directly
above the focus.
D. The epicenter is the location inside Earth’s crust where the
earthquake begins, and the focus is the point on Earth’s surface
directly above the epicenter.
17
Amber found a rock when hiking in the
mountains. After observing the rock, Amber’s
teacher said it was an intrusive igneous rock.
Which of the following best explains how this
rock was formed?
A. Compaction and cementation pressed layers of rock pieces and
mineral grains into a new rock.
B. Extreme heat and pressure inside Earth’s crust pressed rocks and
minerals together to form a new rock.
C. Magma cooled rapidly forming small, fine grains inside a new rock.
D. Magma cooled slowly forming large, coarse grains inside a new rock.
18
What type of rock will most likely form at
label 1?
A. Metamorphic
B. Sedimentary
C. Intrusive igneous
D. Extrusive igneous
19
What type of landform will most likely
develop at location 1 in the future?
A. Valley
Location 1
B. Volcano
C. Earthquake
D. Transform boundary
20
What type of boundary is represented in the
model below?
A. Oceanic-continental divergent
B. Continental-continental divergent
C. Oceanic- continental convergent
D. Continental-continental convergent
21
Rhyolite and granite are both igneous rocks made
of similar minerals. Rhyolite is fine-grained,
whereas granite is coarse grained. Which
statement below is the most likely explanation for
this difference?
A. Granite is formed from great heat and pressure while rhyolite is
formed from the quick cooling of lava.
B. Granite is formed from the quick cooling of lava and rhyolite is
formed from pressure of accumulated sediments.
C. Granite is formed from slow cooling magma and rhyolite is formed
from quick cooling lava.
D. Granite is formed by melting into Earth’s asthenosphere while
rhyolite is formed from great heat and pressure.
22
Which of the following is describes the difference
between the red circled area and the green
circled area?
A. The red circle is steeper than the green circle.
B. The red circle is flatter than the green circle.
C. The red circle is a river and the green circle is an ocean
D. The red circle is a volcano and the green circle is an earthquake.23
Which of the following would be the best
title for the model below?
A. Continental-oceanic divergent
B. Continental-continental convergent
C. Oceanic-continental transform
D. Oceanic-oceanic convergent
24
The image below shows a wall of sedimentary
rock. Which of the following terms are most
closely related to the formation of this wall of
rock? Choose 4 correct answers.
A.
Heat
E.
Magma
B.
Intrusive
F.
Deposition
C.
Sediments
G.
Folding
D.
Compaction
H.
Cementation
25
Which of the following explains how a
sedimentary rock might be transformed into a
metamorphic rock?
A. Magma on the surface cools and hardens rapidly.
B. Magma deep inside Earth cools and hardens slowly.
C. Sediments that have been deposited on the surface are
compacted together.
D. Great heat and pressure inside Earth squeeze a rock
changing its form.
26
Which of the following statements describes the
relationship between extrusive igneous rocks and
sedimentary rocks?
A. Weathering breaks down extrusive igneous rocks which can later
be deposited to form sedimentary rocks.
B. Heat and pressure inside Earth squeezes sedimentary rocks and
forms new extrusive igneous rocks.
C. Extrusive igneous rocks melt and become magma which cools and
hardens rapidly forming sedimentary rocks.
D. Weathering breaks down extrusive igneous rocks, uncovering
sedimentary rocks that were deeper in Earth.
27
Which of the following would be the best title
for the chart below.
Title
• Natural
• Remains of living
things
• Give off energy
• Limited resource
A. Ores
B. Minerals
C. Fossil fuels
D.Triangulation
28
Which of the following describes the
relationship between ores and minerals?
A. Minerals are mined and ores are not.
B. Ores can be used for energy and minerals are used for
buildings.
C. Ores are minerals that contain useful metals and
nonmetals.
D. Minerals are formed from the remains of living things and
ores are formed from Earth’s heat and pressure.
29
Which of the following terms is most closely
related to the movement of the lithospheric
plates?
A. Solar energy
B. Convection
C. Conduction
D. Radiation
30
Which of the following explains what is
happening in the image below?
A. New crust is forming at a divergent
boundary.
B. Some crust is being destroyed at a
convergent boundary.
C. Crust is neither being destroyed or
formed at a transform boundary.
D. Two continental plates are converging
and forming mountains.
31
Which of the following explains why the
oceanic crust is being subducted?
A. Magma is pushing up the continental crust.
B. Oceanic crust is less dense than continental crust.
C. Oceanic crust is more dense than continental crust.
D. Oceanic crust is made of liquid and continental crust is made of rock.
32
Which of the following is the best prediction
of what might occur at the circled area?
A. Volcano
B. Mountain
C. Earthquake
D. Subduction
33
Scientists use evidence from the movement of
lithospheric plates to support which of the
following theories?
A. Pangaea
B. Global warming
C. Natural selection
D. Law of superposition
34
The image below shows a volcano. Which of the
following is the best label for the area marked 1?
A. Cone
B. Vent
1
C. Lava
D. Magma
35
Which of the following would be the best
title for the model below?
A. Folded mountain formation
B. Earthquake formation
C. Fault-block mountain formation
D. Volcano formation
36
The image below is an example of which of
the following?
A. Ring of Fire
B. Topography
C. Satellite imagery
D. Aerial photography
37