Download Renaissance Art

Transition from Medieval
Times to the Renaissance
http://www.nbc.com/saturday-nightlive/video/theodoric-of-york/2888/
The Renaissance
A Revolution in Art
Renaissance Art
Beginning in Italy in the late 14th century, a revolution in
the arts took place. Painting, sculpture, literature,
architecture, music, dance, poetry – no area within the fine
or performing arts was left untouched. This revolution
was spurred on by the intellectual hallmarks of the
Renaissance: humanism, individualism & secularism.
Modern art was born in the Renaissance and the role of the
artist was transformed from craftsman to intellectual and
social critic. To be an artist meant you held a mirror up to
society, you challenged traditional ideas, you offered a
view of the world that was and could be.
Chapter 13 Reading Question
Review
1. Describe the new social class in the twelfth-century Italy
called the ‘”urban nobility”. How and why did this social
class come into being and how did it affect the movement
toward republican government?
2. What five powers dominated the Italian peninsula in the
fifteenth century? How did the Italian city-states contribute
to modern society?
3. How does the concept of individualism help explain the
Renaissance? Did women and common people play a role
in the Renaissance?
4. What is humanism? What do humanists emphasize?
Overview
Objective:
– To examine Renaissance art from various mediums
and explore how a true revolution in artistic styles
and portrayals occurred during the period.
Directions:
– Take notes as we go through the presentation.
– Your participation in response to questions will
be assessed for critical thinking & expression
Intellectual Influences on
Renaissance Art
Humanism
Secularism
Individualism
The artistic achievements of the Renaissance can be divided into 3 time
periods:
• Pre Renaissance – late 1200’s to 1400
• Renaissance – 1400 – 1480’s
• High Renaissance 1480’s – 1560’s
The Renaissance began in
Florence and then spread
northward. There is also the
Northern Renaissance that took
place in England, the
Netherlands and Germany.
Major Artists of the Renaissance
Architecture
Bramante
Brunellschi
Alberti
Michelangelo
Wren (E)
Painting
Giotto
Da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Titian
Boticelli
Veronese
Bosch (G)
Rembrandt (D)
El Greco (S)
Van Eyck (D)
Literature
William Shakespeare (E)
Dante Allegeri
Petrarch
Niccolo Machiavelli
Sir Thomas More (E)
Desiderus Erasmus (D)
Architecture
* Think About- How does Renaissance Architecture
reflect humanism?
Compare & Contrast
Gothic
Major
Characteristics
Similarities Renaissance
Chartres Cathedral – France
1194-1260
Gothic Style Architecture
Notre Dame de Paris
1163-1250
Interior of Notre Dame
Interior of Chartres
Gothic architecture was meant to inspire
a sense of awe and fear in those who
entered the building. The cathedral was
a house of God and you were intended to
remember that at all times.
Medieval castles were built
for security – as fortresses
rather than works of art.
Rait Castle – Dover England 1300
Architects model of Medieval Castle
on site of Louvre – 13th century
The Louvre is an
excellent example of
how dramatic the shifts
in architecture during
the Renaissance were.
As a Medieval castle
As a Renaissance palace
The humanist movement of the
Renaissance carries on to this
day. Across the world people
continue to design buildings
that echo or copy the style of
ancient Rome and Greece.
Roman Temple of Bacchus
The Lincoln Memorial in
Washington, DC
Il Duomo
The Cathedral of Florence
1296-1462
Renaissance Architecture
Il Duomo was one of the
first great architectural
achievements of the
Renaissance. It is really
the first of the great
Renaissance cathedrals.
Gothic Cathedral
Notre Dame de Paris
Renaissance Cathedral
St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome
Renaissance Churches - Interiors
The Pantheon in Rome
2nd Century
St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome
Renaissance architecture clearly
reflects humanism. The architects
starting with Brunelleschi and
Bramante were deeply influenced
by Greek and especially Roman
styles.
St. Peter’s Basilica
Rome
1546-1564
St. Peter’s Basilica
Interior Views
St. Peter’s is literally, and to many
figuratively, the greatest church in
Christendom. It was built and designed by
several of the leading architects including
Michelangelo. It contains artwork by many
of the great Renaissance artists. It is the
seat of the Vatican which is the center or
capital of the Roman Catholic Church.
Painting
Painting Compare/Contrast
Medieval
Major
Characteristics
Major Artists:
Key Elements of
their Style
Similarities
Renaissance
Painting of the High Middle Ages
Crucifixion
14th century
Epiphany
13th century
Madonna & Child
Madonna & Child
13th Century
Raphael - 16th century
A common subject of Medieval and Renaissance art is the Virgin Mary
and the baby Jesus. While the basic figures and poses remain the
same, the settings, style, colors and skill evolve over time.
St. Andrew
An Elderly Man as Saint Peter
13th Century
Rembrandt – 1659(?)
The saints were the most common form of portraiture in Medieval art. In the Renaissance, artists
commonly painted their patrons. They were painted as themselves or placed into a classical or
religious scene. In the Northern Renaissance, Rembrandt above all others painted many portraits
of “commoners.” Usually these were straight portraits but he would also use them as “models.”
Michelangelo
Genius of His Age
Michelangelo Buonarroti was born in Florence in 1475. He was a painter, a
sculptor, architect and poet. “He was the first artist recognized by
contemporaries as a genius.” He was a prolific artist who worked in
Florence and Rome two of the major centers of Renaissance art. He
produced several of the greatest works of western art and is the author of
arguably the greatest artwork in history, the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
While Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is the most recognizable painting in the world,
Michelangelo’s David is an equally iconic image. He died in 1564 with
literally hundreds of works left behind in the great and small villas, homes,
and churches in Italy.
Michelangelo designed the dome on St. Peter’s (546-1564). It is considered one
of the great feats of Western architecture. The brick dome 138 feet in diameter rises
452 feet above the street, and 390 feet above the floor, with four iron chains for a
compression ring. Four internal piers each 60 feet square. The dome is 452 ft high
(above the pavement) and is buttressed by the apses and supported internally by four
massive piers more than 18 meters (60 feet) thick. It inspired many including Sir
Christopher Wren’s St. Paul’s Cathedral in London.
The Sistine Chapel
The Vatican – Rome
1508-1512
Virtual Tour!
http://www.vatican.va/various/cappelle/sistina_vr/index.html
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Judith & Holferness
The severed head of
Holofernes, is supposedly
Michelangelo’s
The Last Judgment
Saint Bartholomew holding
the knife of his martyrdom
and his flayed skin. The face
of the skin is Michelangelo's.
Minos- Judge of the
underworld, was meant to
represent Biagio da
Cesena
The Rest . . .
Venus and Mars
Boticelli
The School of Athens
Raphael
The Marriage at Cana
Paolo Veronese – Venetian
1563
The Betrothal of Arnolfini
Van Eyck - Dutch
1434
This is considered one of the
classic Renaissance images. It
depicts a wealthy merchant
from Lucca Italy and his
fiancée. The symbols of
marriage, loyalty and of course
wealth are apparent.
Christ Carrying the Cross
Bosch 15th century
Virgin and Child with Angels
van Leyden 15th century
Northern Renaissance
Michelangelo’s – The Last Judgment
Bosch’s – The Last Judgment
Rembrandt
The greatest of the Dutch
painters he is one of the
masters of the late
Northern Renaissance,
working in the mid-17th
century.
He is most well known for
his portraits.
And of course
Leonardo Da Vinci
No that book isn’t true but he
was a genius.
The Vitruvian Man
This is a study in
proportions. Da Vinci was a
man of reason and logic. He
studied classical works and
architecture and always
sought to have things in
proportion based on
mathematical formulas.
Notice the basic shapes of
square, triangle and circle
contained in the sketch.
The Last Supper
Fresco – Milan
1498
The Last Supper
Salvador Dali
Mona Lisa
1503
What makes this the most
famous painting in the world?
Sculpture
Compare & Contrast
Medieval
Major
Characteristics
Similarities Renaissance
Medieval Sculpture
Generally most figures were
sculpted for decorating the
exterior or interior of
cathedrals and tombs.
The Presentation at the Temple
14th century
Entrance to Notre Dame de Paris
12th century
The Baptism of Christ
14th century
The Virgin and Child
12th century
The David
Galleria dell’ Accademia Florence
Adam – 13th century
1501
St. Matthew – 13th century
Moses – Michelangelo 15th century
Michelangelo- Pieta
St. Peter’s Basilica Rome
1496
Medieval Piedad – 14th century
Reflection
What are some of the themes that both
Renaissance painting and architecture
share?
Critical Writing
Answer the following the question. Use your directive
words and critical writing handout to help you. You
need to write a thesis in response to the prompt. Look
carefully at what a good thesis contains.
– Analyze the influence of humanism on the visual
arts in the Italian Renaissance. Use at least
THREE specific works to support your analysis.
THESIS:
THREE SPECIFIC WORKS:
For each work write the artist, the title and describe how it
demonstrates the influence of humanism.