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Feudal Europe
1) “All things were under its domain...its power was such that no one could hope to escape its scrutiny”
Which European institution during the Middle Ages is best described by this statement?
(A) the Guild
(C) Knighthood
(B) the Church
(D) the nation-state
2) The art, music, and philosophy of the medieval period in Europe generally dealt with
(A) human scientific achievements
(C) religious themes
(B) materialism
(D) classic Greek and Roman subjects
3) In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was the
(A) central government in Rome
(C) military alliance between France and Germany
(B) federation of the craft guilds
(D) Roman Catholic Church
4) In European feudal society, an individual’s social status was generally determined by
(A) birth
(B) education and training
(C) individual abilities
(D) marriage
5) In Europe, a long-term effect of the Crusades was
(A) the strengthening of the feudal system
(B) an increased demand for goods from the East
(C) the adoption of Islamic religious practices
(D) increased European isolation
6) The Crusades have been called “history’s most successful failures.” Which statement best explains this
expression?
(A) The Crusades did not achieve their original goals, but they brought about many desirable changes in Europe.
(B) Although the Crusaders captured the Holy Land, they were unable to bring about democratic reforms.
(C) The Crusades helped bring about the fall of the Roman Empire
(D) The Crusaders prevented the Turks from capturing Constantinople for many centuries
7) Which statement best describes the result of the Crusades?
(A) Europeans maintained a lasting control over much of the Middle East
(B) Islamic influence dominated Europe
(C) Europeans developed tolerance of Non-Christian religions
(D) trade between Europe and the Middle East was expanded
8) In Europe, the Crusades resulted in
(A) greater isolation of the region from the world
(B) an increased demand for goods from the Middle East and Asia
(C) the adoption of Islam as the official religion of many European nations
(D) the strengthening of the feudal system
9) Which economic system existed in Europe during the early Middle Ages?
(A) free market
(B) socialism
(C) manorialism
(D) command
10) A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades (1096–1291) was to
(A) establish Christianity in western Europe
(C) capture the Holy Land from Islamic rulers
(B) unite warring Arab peoples
(D) strengthen English dominance in the Arab world
Religion
11) Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in
(A) the central authority of the Pope
(B) reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths
(C) a prohibition on the consumption of pork
(D) monotheism and ethical conduct
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12) Buildings such as the Gothic cathedrals of Medieval Europe and the pyramids of Egypt reflect each society’s
(A) imperialist attitudes
(B) cultural values
(C) belief in democracy
(D) rigid social structure
13) In most societies, works of art and architecture generally serve to
(A) satisfy the needs of the leaders
(C) limit the influence of religion
(B) reflect the values of that society
(D) express opposition to the government in power
14) One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both
(A) support a belief in reincarnation
(B) promote learning as a means to salvation
(C) encourage the use of statues to symbolize God
(D) provide a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior
15) The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by
(A) following the Ten Commandments
(C) worshiping Allah as the one true god
(B) learning to give up selfish desire
(D) being baptized and confirmed
16) Jewish religious and cultural identity has been greatly influenced by
(A) Ramadan and the concept of reincarnation
(C) the Torah and the Diaspora
(B) the New Testament and the Four Noble Truths
(D) the Koran and the code of bushido
17) One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are similar is that
they
(A) promote polytheism
(C) establish gender equality
(B) provide codes of behavior
(D) describe secularism
18) The Koran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of
(A) Islam
(C) Judaism
(B) Shinto
(D) Buddhism
Base your answers to questions 19 & 20 on the diagram
19) Which concept is illustrated in the diagram?
(A) manorialism
(C) caste
(B) apartheid
(D) encomienda
20) Which religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system illustrated in the
diagram?
(A) Hinduism
(C) Catholicism
(B) Daoism
(D) animism
21) According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by
(A) doing good deeds
(C) eliminating selfish desires
(B) making pilgrimages to Mecca
(D) relying on divine help
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Base your answer to question 22 on the picture
22) This statue is most closely associated with which religion?
(A) Buddhism
(C) Jainism
(B) Islam
(D) Christianity
Neolithic Revolution
23) What is the main reason the Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in world history?
(A) Fire was used as a source of energy for the first time.
(B) Spoken language was used for communication.
(C) Domestication of animals and cultivation of crops led to settled communities.
(D) Stone tools and weapons were first developed.
24) What was an important result of the Neolithic Revolution?
(A) Food supplies became more reliable.
(C) New sources of energy became available.
(B) People became more nomadic.
(D) Populations declined.
26) Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for food they needed to survival are called
(A) hunters and gatherers
(B) subsistence farmers
(B) village dwellers
(D) guild members
27) During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops first occur?
(A) Iron Age
(C) Old Stone Age
(B) Neolithic Revolution
(D) Scientific Revolution
28) Before towns and cities can develop in a society, the society needs to establish
(A) an educational system
(C) an agricultural surplus
(B) a writing system
(D) a democratic government
Early River Valley Civilizations
29) One reason for the development of an early civilization in the Tigris-Euphrates river valleys was that
(A) the location protected the people from land invasion
(B )periodic flooding left rich soil, which was ideal for farming
(C) these rivers provided a direct trade route between Europe and Asia
(D) these rivers flowed into the Mediterranean Sea
30) Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of early civilizations?
(A) dense forests
(B) smooth coastlines
(C) mountain passes
(D) river valley
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31) “If a seignior (noble) has knocked out the tooth of a seignior of his own rank, they shall knock out his tooth. But
if he has knocked out a commoner’s tooth, he shall pay one-third mina of silver.”
-Code of Hammurabi
Which idea of Babylonian society does this portion of the Hammurabi code of law reflect?
(A) all men were equal under the law
(C) fines were preferable to corporal punishment
(B) divisions existed between social classes
(D) violence was always punished with violence
Culture & Civilization
32) The study of culture primarily involves
(A) observing the physical environment of people
(B) understanding the technology of modern machinery
(C) Learning why various peoples live as they do
(D) being a good student and getting A’s on test
Base your answer to question 33 on the diagram below
33) Which title best completes this diagram?
(A) Elements of a Civilization
(B) Basic Components of the Paleolithic Age
(C) Features of a Nomadic Lifestyle
(D) Human Life 50,000 Years Ago
34) Which statement cites an example of cultural diffusion?
(A) Venezuela has large reserves of oil
(B) Young people dance to Soulja Boy in Russia
(C) students in China learn calligraphy in school
(D) the Caste system is an important part of life in India
35) The exchange of silks and spices and the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads are examples of
(A) cultural diffusion
(B) ethnocentrism
(C) self-sufficiency
(D) desertification
36) Culture is sometimes referred to as “a blueprint for living” because it
(A) flourished best in traditional societies
(B) includes all the things that contribute to a society’s development
(C) is determined by genetics
(D) determines the types of jobs offered to the members of a society
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Base your answer on questions 37 and 38 on the chart below and your knowledge of Global History:
37) Which concept is most closely related to the main idea of the illustration?
(A) isolation
(C) armed conflict
(B) cultural diffusion
(D) urbanization
38) Which leader is most closely associated with the accomplishment shown by the illustration?
(A) Charlemagne
(C) Alexander the Great
(B) Mansa Musa
(D) Suleiman the Magnificent
Greece & Rome
39) In a comparison of the ancient cities of Athens and Sparta, Sparta placed more emphasis on
(A) education
(C) military service
(B) family order
(D) human rights
40) The Ancient Romans’ most significant contribution to Europe has been in the area of
(A) economics
(C) law
(B) poetry
(D) drama
41) The Ancient Greek city-state of Sparta
(A) was primarily concerned with the health of their people
(B) was a powerful military state
(C) granted universal suffrage to their people
(D) placed great emphasis on literature and the arts
General Social Studies Knowledge
42) The main purpose of a time line is to show the
(A) causes and effects of wars
(C) location of important places
(B) benefits of modern civilizations
(D)chronological relationship between events
43) Which example is a primary source of information for historians?
(A) textbook
(C) almanac
(B) encyclopedia
(D) autobiography
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Mongol Empire
44) Which statement about the Mongol Empire is accurate?
(A) The Mongols developed a highly technological society that emphasized formal education.
(B) European monarchies became a model for the early Mongol governments.
(C) Pax Mongolia led to regional stability, increasing trade on the Silk Road.
(D) The Mongols adopted Roman Catholicism as the official religion of the empire.
Base your answer to question 45 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.
45) Which group of people ruled much of Asia during the period shown on this map?
(A) Mongol
(B) Japanese
(C) Indian
(D) European
Middle Ages (Europe)
46) Which revolution led to the concept of banking, the creation of guilds, and the development of capitalism in
Europe?
(A) Commercial
(C) Scientific
(B) Agricultural
(D) Industrial
47) The terms masters, apprentices, and journeymen are most closely associated with the
(A) encomienda system of Latin America
(C) civil service system of China during the Tang dynasty
(B) guild system of Europe in the Middle Ages
(D) caste system of India
48) What was one of the primary reasons for the spread of the bubonic plague?
(A) increase in trade
(C) development of the manorial system
(B) colonization of the Americas
(D) economic decline
49) During the feudal period in Europe, power and position in society were based on the
(A) amount of money earned
(C) number of slaves owned
(B) level of education achieved
(D) amount of land possessed
50) Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and cultural
interaction with the Middle East are associated with the
(A) impact of the Crusades
(C) growth of the Maya Empire
(B) effects of the barter system
(D) rise of Charlemagne
51) Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the medieval church in western Europe was criticized for
(A) sponsoring explorations to the Middle East
(B) allowing the Bible to be printed and distributed to the people
(C) being too concerned with worldly power and riches
(D) refusing to sell indulgences to peasants
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The Renaissance
 Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived.
 Wealthy patrons supported the arts and education.
 Humanism spread throughout Western Europe.
52) Which period in European history is most closely associated with these statements?
(A) Early Middle Ages
(C) Renaissance
(B) Industrial Revolution
(D) Hellenistic Period
 Literacy rates rise.
 Shakespeare’s sonnets circulated.
 Secular ideas spread.
53) Which innovation led directly to these developments?
(A) printing press
(C) paper currency
(B) astrolabe
(D) caravel
54) Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers?
(A) People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters.
(B) Governments should establish overseas empires.
(C) Individuals should withdraw from the world and study religion.
(D) Scholars should dedicate themselves to the study of life after death.
55) What is meant by Machiavelli’s belief that “the end justifies the means”?
(A) Leaders may use any method to achieve what is best for the state.
(B) The general public always acts in its own best interest.
(C) Pleasing all of the people at any given time is possible.
(D) Leaders must always act for the common good.
The Reformation (1300-1600)
56) Martin Luther was primarily dissatisfied with the Roman Catholic Church because he
(A) thought the church lacked structure
(B) disagreed with the sale of indulgences
(C) blamed the church for not curing people who had the plague
(D) believed that kings should have more power to appoint clergy
Base your answers to questions 57 and 58 on the statement below and on your knowledge of social studies.
“Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope’s indulgences a man is
freed from every penalty, and saved;”
57) Which period in European history is most closely associated with this statement?
(A) Roman Empire
(C) Protestant Reformation
(B) Crusades
(D) Enlightenment
58) This statement reflects a controversy over the proper
(A) roles of women
(C) types of education
(B) forms of prayer
(D) means of salvation
59) Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?
(A) Religious unity declines throughout Europe.
(B) The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.
(C) The power of the Roman Catholic Church decreases.
(D) Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.
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The Ming Dynasty, China & Japan
Base your answers to questions 60, 61 and 62 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.
60) The map shows that on his voyages, Zheng He explored
(A) both the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans
(C) lands in the Western Hemisphere
(B) at the same time as the Spanish explorers
(D) Arabia and the east coast of Africa
61) One result of the voyages of Zheng He was that
(A) Chinese merchants began trading with Africa
(B) Christian missionaries arrived in China
(C) Indian artisans showed the Chinese how to make Ming porcelain
(D) China set up colonies in Europe
62) Which conclusion is best supported by the map?
(A) Eastern Chinese cities had extensive contact with the Persian Empire in 1405.
(B) Rivers and mountains prevented the expansion of overland Chinese trade.
(C) The Chinese came into contact with peoples of other cultures between 1405 and 1422.
(D) China was isolated from outside contact under the rulers of the Ming Empire.
63) What was an impact of Korea’s geographic location on the history of East Asia?
(A) isolating Russia from Japan
(B) protecting China from Mongol invaders
(C) preventing Europeans from colonizing East Asia
(D) serving as a cultural bridge between China and Japan
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Base your answer to question 64 and 65 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.
64) Which type of political and social order is shown in this diagram?
(A) theocratic
(C) fascist
(B) tribal
(D) feudal
65) This chart shows that Japan had
(A) a classless society
(C) high social mobility
(B) a growing middle class
(D) a well-defined class system
The Age of Exploration (1400 -1800)
Base your answer to question 66 and 67 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.
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66) What is the best title for this diagram?
(A) Encomienda System (C) Silk Road
(B) Columbian Exchange (D) Open Door policy
67) What was one effect of the Columbian exchange?
(A) rapid decline in European population
(B) economic instability in China and Japan
(C) introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas
(D) spread of Hinduism into Latin America
66) The encomienda system in colonial Latin America led to the
(A) use of forced labor
(C) increase in landownership by Native Americans
(B) establishment of trade unions
(D) weakening of the power of peninsulares
Mesoamerican Civilizations
67) Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of the Inca Empire?
(A) deserts
(c) river valleys
(b) irregular coastline
(D) mountains
68) What was one reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec Empire?
(A) The Spanish soldiers made effective use of their military technology against the Aztecs.
(B) Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence.
(C) Spain joined the Incas in their fight against the Aztecs.
(D) The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec warriors.
69) Which continent’s economic and political development has been influenced by the Andes Mountains and the
Amazon River?
(A) Asia
(C) Europe
(B) Africa
(D) South America
Ottoman Empire
Base your answer to question 14 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
It would be wrong to call the Ottoman Empire a purely Islamic state. It was not. It was a state that claimed some
kind of an attachment, some kind of allegiance to Islam, but combined it with other forms of heritage from the
Byzantine tradition or from the Turkic tradition that did not really correspond to Islam. So they always had this
very, very pragmatic approach to Islam.
— Professor Edhem Eldem, Bogazici University,
NPR News, All Things Considered,
August 18, 2004
70) This author is suggesting that during the Ottoman Empire
(A) religion was mingled with historic traditions
(B) most people belonged to minority religions
(C) rulers tried to separate politics from religion
(D) rulers operated under a strict set of laws
West Africa
71) One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes
(A) the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
(B) concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
(C) a single currency was used to make transactions easier
(D) ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
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72) What was a direct result of the trans-Atlantic (Middle Passage) slave trade on African cultures?
(A) Many African communities faced economic disaster.
(B) European industrial factories were established throughout Africa.
(C) Animism was no longer practiced in Africa.
(D) Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train their military.
73) One way in which the African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali are similar is that they
(A) established their wealth through trade
(B) improved their military strength with the use of gunpowder
(C) opened trade routes to the Americas
(D) adopted Christianity as their major religion
74) Which description best characterizes the city of Timbuktu?
(A) port on the water route to East Asia
(B) major urban and industrial center on the Silk Road
(C) commercial and cultural center of West Africa
(D) inland city of the Hanseatic League
THE AGE OF ABSOLUTISM (1550-1800)
Base your answers to questions 45 and 46 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
. . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power
acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole
world.
If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the
kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . .
— Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
75) This passage describes the idea of
(A) divine right rule
(C) Marxism
(B) parliamentary democracy
(D) totalitarianism
76) Which historical era is most closely associated with this passage?
(A) Industrial Revolution
(C) Age of Imperialism
(B) Agricultural Revolution
(D) Age of Absolutism
77) From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to
(A) increase the power of the Catholic Church
(B) centralize their political power
(C) redistribute land to the peasants
(D) strengthen feudalism
78) The English Bill of Rights was created to
(A) limit the power of English monarchs
(B) establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants
(C) organize England’s colonial empire
(D) abolish the role of Parliament
79) The theory justifying a monarch’s rule by God’s authority is called
(A) laissez faire
(C) predestination
(B) totalitarianism
(D) divine right
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