Download Powerpoint - ChemConnections

IFTVET
6th International Cooperation Summit Forum
October 21-24, 2016
Curriculum & Standards II
课程标准的制订
Dr. Ron Rusay
罗纳德·卢塞 教授
Diablo Valley College, California USA
美国岱伯洛谷学院
加利福尼亚，美国
Curriculum & Standards II
课程标准的制订
Chemistry Topics & Activities
linking STEM & Liberal Arts (STEAM)
• Overarching themes that connect chemistry
with
Engineering  Technology  Arts/Humanities
• Collaboration with Professor Ben Koo
Tsinghua University i-Center
OBJECTIVE: Using common, nascent
student interests, apply non-science
majors’ chemistry topics and activities to
develop STEM and Liberal Arts
competency
DUE TUES-1525057/1525862
Connecting STEM  Student Progression
Integration and organization within the Hyperlibraries
What might a 3 dimensional graphic of networked STEM topical
connections look like?
How to view interconnected networks?
.... for example a mammal’s brain?
A human’s brain?
The
ChemWiki Libretext’s
pages?;
world’sbrain
social
networks?
A mesoscale
portion of 19,000+
connectome
of The
a mouse
(469
signals)
Nature 508, 207–214 (10 April 2014) doi:10.1038/nature13186
Complementary Aspects:
ABC School/
XLP & STEMwikis
Shared Context
Scalable
Learning Process Data
Collection and Analysis
Tools
ABC School/ XLP Example
Creating Rich Learning Contexts
Students Translated “Holacracy Constitution 4.1” to Chinese in 24 hours
Done during their first week XLP-based orientation program
The original text in
English is 41 pages
long
http://toyhouse.cc/wiki/index.php/合弄制宪章4.1
They also used
The same wiki
knowledge repository
Tailored Rich Learning Contexts using a Wide Variety of OER Materials
Incorporated into an On-line Hybrid Course
Lab only face-to-face meetings;
Guided Reading-Viewing Questions
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/
Student Centered
Viewing Reading Doing
Open Educational Resources (OER)
Calendar Guide
On-line Student Centered
Viewing Reading Doing
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/calendar-106-f16.html
ChemWiki / Libretext in lieu of a commercial textbook
$ 0.00 Direct Cost to Students
On-line Student Centered
Viewing Reading Doing
Viewing/Reading
Guided On-line
In-course on-line 5-10 minute Topic Videos
from several sources including the American Chemical Society (ACS)
In-course Powerpoint: printable files with active links,
embedded examples and questions
(Followed-up with in-class, graded i-clicker questions taken from or
modified from the Powerpoints)
In-course & external ChemWiki/STEMwiki Web pages
(Integrated conceptual/historical background and experimental
procedures)
Viewing
Topic Videos (5-10 min. pre-class)
Google Form with
Guiding Questions
http://chemconnections.org/ge
neral/chem106/Powers of TenGuide.html
https://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=FSyAehMdpyI
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=NgD9yHSJ29I
Viewing
Topic Videos (5-10 min. pre-class)
Google Form with
Guiding Questions
http://chemconnections.org/ge
neral/chem106/Powers of TenGuide.html
Viewing
Topic Videos (5-10 min. pre-class)
http://chemconnections.org//general/movies/Pizza-thermo%202.mp4
i-clicker
QUESTION
View the video and select the best statement for why
you would only burn the top of your mouth and not
your tongue.
A) The cheese is hotter then the crust.
B) The tongue is less sensitive; moves around.
C)The cheese is at a higher temperature
D)The specific heat of cheese is greater than
starch
E) The specific heat of starch is greater than
cheese
i-clicker
Answer
View the video and select the best statement for why
you would only burn the top of your mouth and not
your tongue.
A) The cheese is hotter then the crust.
B) The tongue is less sensitive.
C)The cheese is at a higher temperature
D)The specific heat of cheese is greater than
starch
E) The specific heat of starch is greater than
cheese
Viewing/Reading
Guided On-line Example
In-course Powerpoint:
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Chem%20Reactions%20&%20Eqs.2016f.htm
(Followed-up with in-class, graded i-clicker questions taken from or modified from the
Powerpoint, eg. Pizza Themochemistry)
Chemical Reactions
 Combination (Synthesis)
 A+B
C
 H2 (g) + O2 (g)
H2O (g)
Balancing/ Stoichiometry (Conservation of Atoms):
2H2 (g) + O2 (g)
2 H2O (g)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6qGIMqDKwA
i-clicker
i-clicker
Viewing/Reading
Guided On-line
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Solutions-2016.pdf
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Tech%20Prep/DNA-2016.html
(Threaded conceptual & historical background with experimental
procedures)
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Integrated Activities
• Building Vocabulary / Using a Wiki
• Experiments paralleling course topics & concepts
• Interactive Simulations: PhET & ChemCollective
• Molecular Modeling: Molview
•Web/ Library Research and Writing:
Global Warming & Your Carbon Footprint:
Capstone Writing/Peer Review Project (CPR)
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Building Vocabulary / Using a Wiki
Students build vocabulary from Powerpoint & Web page content
searching ChemWiki/STEMwiki core topics and library, on-reserve,
textbook references. Search results are posted on in-course ChemWiki
pages as graded assignments.
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Experiments
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Tech%20Prep/DNAexp%202016.pdf
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Tech%20Prep/DNA-2016.html
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Interactive Simulations
http://phet.colorado.edu/
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ph-scale/latest/ph-scale_en.html
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Interactive Simulations
http://phet.colorado.edu/
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Acids%20and%20Bases-WKS-2016.pdf
Shapes of Molecules
View: What is the shape of a molecule?
George Zaidan and Charles Morton
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jq_Ca-HKh1g
Molecular Shapes
Molecular Models for C, H, N, O
 Fundamental repeating shapes found in every biological
molecule
C =black
H = gray
N = blue
O = oxygen
pink = generic
atom
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Molecular Modeling
http://molview.org/
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/VSEPR-Chem%20106%20form-a.pdf
Polarity & Physical Properties
Ozone and Water
0.1278 nm
•
•
Resultant Molecular Dipoles > 0
Solubility: Polar molecules that
dissolve or are dissolved in like •
molecules
•
The Lotus flower
Water & dirt repellancy:
solubility?
The “Lotus Effect”
Biomimicry
Wax
Water not only dissolves some dirt, but attracts and
removes it like a snowball rolling downhill.
Lotus petals have micrometer-scale roughness,
resulting in water contact angles up to 170°
The “Lotus Effect”
Biomimicry
 Isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) melted between
two glass slides and subsequent crystallization
provided a smooth surface. Atomic force
microscopy tests indicated that the surface
had root mean square (rms) roughness of 10
nm.
 A) The water drop on the resulting surface had
a contact angle of 104° ± 2
 B) the water drop on a superhydrophobic i-PP
coating surface has a contact angle of 160°.
Science, 299, (2003), pp. 1377-1380, H. Yldrm Erbil, A.
Levent Demirel, Yonca Avc, Olcay Mert
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/299/5611/1377/DC1
SC-0735
Nitisinone
Orfadin
CAS № 104206-65-7
Plant Natural Product
Leptospermone
http://chemconnections.org/organic/chem298/bottlebrush.html
Molecular Biomimicry
SC-0735
Nitisinone
Orfadin
CAS № 104206-65-7
Viewing/ Reading / Doing
Molecular Modeling
http://molview.org/
http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/VSEPR-Chem%20106%20form-a.pdf
Amino Acids
Legos of Chemical Biology
Amino acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen,
which resemble the following shapes & structural components
•20 different amino acids are encoded by the genetic code, which is
archived in DNA.
•Hundreds of amino acids link together with amide (peptide) bonds to
form proteins, which are the machinery for the chemistry of life.
•There are less than 20,000 total proteins produced from humans’
entire genome, each coded by a specific gene in DNA’s ~3 billion
genetic bases.
Periodic Table: Global Standard
Proteins: Indispensible Biopolymers
Acetylcholinesterase (ACE)
ACE, an enzyme, which catalyzes a key reaction in a repetitive
biochemical cycle that is crucial to neurological and physiological
functions in humans…. and insects among others.
4,496 atoms;
4,404 bonds
574 amino acid
residues
Protein Receptors & Small Molecules
Acetylcholinesterase
Enzymes have receptors for small molecules that only have the
right shape, which bind with the protein and chemically react.
http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/richard.mpg
SC-0735
Nitisinone
Orfadin
CAS № 104206-65-7
Shapes & Interactions (http://molview.org)
HPPD : SC-0735
4-Hydroxy Phenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate_dioxygenase_inhibitor
Detecting stuff we cannot see: the Sense of Smell
Models, Theories & Interactions
HPPD:SC-0735 / Odorants & Your Nose
Structure-Odor Relationships
Karen J. Rossiter, Chem. Rev., 1996, 96, 3201-3240
Historical view of a few smell receptors.
4 October 2004
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has today decided to award
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2004
jointly to
Richard Axel and Linda B. Buck
for their discoveries of
"odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"
Shapes & Interactions: Mirror Images & Smell
S-(+)-d-
S-(+)-δ-caraway
R-(-)-l-
R-(-)-ι-spearmint
http://chemconnections.org/organic/chem226/Labs/Smell/ChemComm.html
From the late 1950s – early 1960s more than 10,000 children in 46
countries were born with deformities caused by the S-(-) enantiomer.
chiral carbon atom
2016
Bioengineering:
Structural Materials & Molecules
Bacteria & Yeast
Healing Concrete
http://heronjournal.nl/56-12/1.pdf
2016
Bioengineering: Artemisinin
Bacteria, Yeast & Chemical Synthesis
Chinese Wormwood (Artemisia annua)
& Malaria
DUE TUES-1525057
1865
DNA: Genetics & Genomics
Timelines
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
https://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
1953
DNA: Molecular Discovery
X-Ray Crystal Structure
http://info.bio.cmu.edu/courses/03231/ProtStruc/ProtStruc.htm
β-DNA: Rosalind Franklin
46 Å
12 base sequence
http://molvis.sdsc.edu/pdb/dna_b_form.pdb
1975
Restriction Enzymes / Recombinant DNA
Berg, Boyer, Cohen, and many others
http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/10/18/nar.gkt990.full
1989
PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction
Kary Mullis, Cetus-Chiron-Roche, Emeryville
https://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/19-polymerase-chain-reaction.html
APPLICATIONS: Transgenic (GM: Genetically
Modified) Crops
2001
Golden Rice
http://www.goldenrice.org/
Hunan Study 2008
Golden Rice Paper 2012
Patents for Humanity Awards 2015
Transgenic Crops
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/agric
ulture/2013/458%20-%20Golden%20Illusion-GE-goldenrice.pdf
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/rice.php
2012
Genome Editing / CRISPR-Cas9
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2pp17E4E-O8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuAxDVBt7kQ
Genetic Fingerprinting
1985
2016
•Forensics
•Paternity
•Military-ID
•Food
•Wine
•Anthropology
•Medical
Diagnosis
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/351/6278/1133.full.pdf