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Transcript
form, I found variation in the quality and content of some of the chapters. For example, the chapters on respiratory tract infections (chapters 5–7), soft tissue (chapters 15 and 16), bone and joint infections (chapters 18 and 19), as well as travel medicine (chapters 27–29), were well written, with a concise, readable format. Unfortunately, I found that some of the other chapters were superficial and simply summarized the material from the standard textbooks of infectious diseases almost directly, with only limited references. Other topics were too broad to be included in this book, or were not truly “hot.” An example of the former is chapter 22, “Sexually Transmitted Diseases.” Although this may be a hot topic in primary care, the guidelines presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in May 2002 provide a more concise and equally satisfactory discussion [1]. To try to review the diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease, as is attempted in chapter 24, is an overly ambitious goal and can only lead to a superficial and unsatisfying discussion. However, chapter 30, “The Principle Agents of Bio-Terrorism,” is a well-written summary that is certainly important to the entire medical community. I applaud Dr. Lo Re for attempting to put together a text that concisely describes so many of the clinical diseases that are encountered on a regular basis by practicing physicians and allied care personnel. However, I suspect that the infectious diseases specialist would have little use for this book. I encourage our infectious diseases fellows to read a standard textbook of infectious diseases rather than the type of condensed material presented in this text. Although it would have been useful to have illustrations included, particularly when discussing some of the skin and softtissue infections, appropriate references are made where these illustrations and photographs can be found. In summary, although each chapter has a different approach to the clinical issues reviewed, I find that most of the chapters were well written. Also, they were relative- ly well-referenced, which will help those looking for more detailed information. Thus, I would certainly recommend Infectious Diseases: Hot Topics for primary care physicians as a useful reference book for their daily practice when encountering patients with clinical infectious diseases. Jerome F. Levine Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey References 1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2002. MMWR Recomm Rep 2002; 51(RR6):1–82. Zoonoses: Infectious Diseases Transmissible from Animals to Humans, 3rd Edition By Hartmut Krauss, Albert Weber, Max Appel, Burkhard Enders, Henry D. Isenberg, Hans G. Schiefer, Werner Slenczka, Alexander von Graevenitz, and Horst Zahner Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology Press, 2003. 456 pp., illustrated. $79.95 (cloth). This is a handbook of infectious diseases that are transmissible from animals to humans and vice versa. The first 2 editions of the book were written and published in German. The third edition is also available in German, but, in addition, has been translated into English in order to reach a global readership. Nine distinguished European and American scientists with diverse backgrounds in virology, microbiology, and parasitology have authored the new edition. Their fields of expertise range from clinical practice of veterinary medicine to human occupational medicine and public health. The authors stress the need for close cooperation between medical and veterinary sciences to advance the 1198 • CID 2004:38 (15 April) • BOOK REVIEW understanding of zoonotic agents and the illnesses that they cause. The book consists of 4 main chapters comprising discussions of viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic zoonoses. An extensive list of subchapters that give short descriptions of well-known diseases, as well as some rare infections, can be found within each main chapter. The list is upto-date and includes discussions about West Nile fever virus, monkey pox virus, coronaviruses (e.g., the severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] agent), as well as the prion disease agents that have caused recent disease outbreaks among humans and/or animals in the United States. The book has 456 pages, and the more than 230 subchapters are, by necessity, relatively short and concise descriptions of infectious syndromes. However, the length of each subchapter and the relative weight of the discussions about epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis vary for each of the individual subchapters and undoubtedly reflect the individual authors’ personal clinical experiences and research interests. Several of the subchapters in the section on viral zoonoses include descriptions of recommended PCR techniques for detection of specific viral pathogens and list specific primer sequences and corresponding bibliography references. This type of information may not be relevant to some readers, since specific epidemiologic or clinical conditions on one continent may be different from those on other continents; furthermore, the procedure details may already have become outdated by the time of the book’s release. This information could also be potentially misleading, since the listed primer references, for the most part, have been limited to single articles. The subchapters in the sections for bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections do not contain sections about diagnostic PCR techniques. One of the main limitations of this book is the lack of an introductory chapter that considers an approach to patients and their disease processes based on evaluation of disease signs and symptoms. As with many infectious disease syndromes, a zoonotic infection often debuts as a nonspecific febrile illness, and a discussion of a common approach to the patient who presents with a nonspecific febrile illness could potentially help clinicians identify specific disease processes in a costefficient and time-efficient manner. The current book format requires that the reader already have some basic knowledge of the specific disease-causing agent(s) and the differential diagnoses for the disease syndrome. There are some minor inaccuracies in a number of the subchapters throughout the book. For example, we know now that 1 of the 3 hunters in Northern Wisconsin who allegedly died of CreutzfeldtJakob disease actually died of Pick disease, which has not been related to prion disease. Chloramphenicol is no longer recommended for treatment of human ehrlichial or anaplasma infections, given the lack of demonstrated in vitro effect and clinical failure in vivo resulting in fatal outcomes for several children. The mortality rate for patients with human anaplasmosis was initially estimated to be as high as 15%. More recent information indicates that the rate is 1% or lower. The impact of these and other inaccuracies on the reading experience as a whole, however, is minor. Abbreviations are frequently used throughout the text, and a short glossary of commonly used laboratory terms can be found in the introductory pages. An expanded glossary that also includes the specific disease names and their abbreviations (such as Japanese encephalitis [JE], St. Louis encephalitis [SLE], human monocytic ehrlichiosis [HME], and others) would have enhanced and expedited the reading experience. Each of the subchapters concludes with a representative reference bibliography. In addition, the preface refers readers who want more extensive information about specific diseases to a number of excellent standard textbook sources. However, there was no reference to the most recent editions of Cook and Zumla’s Manson’s Tropical Diseases [1] and Cohen and Powderly’s Infectious Diseases [2]. It should also be mentioned that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA) maintains continually updated websites (http://www.cdc.gov/ health/default.htp) for most of the zoonoses that are included in this book. Despite some of the shortcomings mentioned, the book contains a wealth of information and serves as a valuable quick-reference source about infectious agents that cause diseases in humans and animals. The text reads very well, and the information in each subchapter and in the index is comprehensive, detailed, and well organized. I found Appendix E, which lists zoonoses connected with specific animals, to be a particularly helpful quick reference. There are relatively few color photograph illustrations, but those that are present are of excellent quality. This book should be especially valuable to veterinarians, physicians, public health officials, epidemiologists, and microbiologists, as well as physician extenders (clinical nurse practitioners or physician assistants) who are still in training or are in the early stages of their professional careers. However, the depth of the information in each section is not extensive enough to satisfy the reader who seeks comprehensive information about specific zoonotic agents or wants to gain cutting-edge information about new or reemerging zoonoses. Johan S. Bakken St. Luke’s Infectious Disease Associates, Duluth, Minnesota References 1. Cook GC, Zumla A, eds. Manson’s Tropical Diseases, 21st Edition. London: Elsevier Science, 2003. 2. Cohen J, Powderly WG, eds. Infectious Diseases, 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2004. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 8th Edition. Edited by Patrick R. Murray, Ellen Jo Baron, James H. Jorgensen, Michael A. Pfaller, and Robert H. Yolken Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology Press, 2003. 2322 pp. $189.95 (cloth). Every field of endeavor has one resource that is universally acclaimed among practitioners as its “bible.” For clinical microbiologists, it is the Manual of Clinical Microbiology (MCM). Some 30 years after the first edition appeared, the MCM is now in its eighth edition, in 2 volumes and 141 chapters spanning all areas of this expanding field. If there is one word that can be used to describe the MCM, it is, most assuredly, “encyclopedic.” From the introductory chapters discussing laboratory management, design, and information systems to the chapters discussing identification algorithms and media preparation and the extensive and authoritative chapters reviewing the microbiologic and clinical laboratory features of all medically important infectious agents, the MCM offers a single, comprehensive reference source for the clinicalmicrobiology laboratory. Volume 1 includes sections I and II, which, in part, review general clinical microbiology topics as well as discuss the principles of infection control and the detection of potential bioterrorism agents. Section III is a review of technologies and instrumentation, and sections IV and V extensively discuss bacteriology and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Volume 2 comprises sections VI–IX, which discuss virology, mycology and parasitology. Although it is unlikely that one will actually read the entire work, I found the chapters on my areas of special interest to be well written and up-to-date, complete with many color photographs and a broad list of references. Within the sections, each chapter is crafted as a mini-review and BOOK REVIEW • CID 2004:38 (15 April) • 1199