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Notes: Music 6 Introductory Video Script Course Music Lesson Objective Semester A Unit 1 Lesson 10 The student will be able to identify the forms utilized by Romantic composers, such as Chopin, in order to explain their purpose. VISUAL <Swirl to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/tree-dawn-naturebucovina-romania-338211/> AUDIO Our last lesson was about the romantic period and its move towards combining the expressiveness of the baroque period, with the calm compositions of the classical period. <Cross dissolve to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/flag-blow-wind-fluttercharacters-75047/> So far we have talked about music in Germany, Italy, and Europe in general, but what about the United States? <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/north-america-continentamerica-67544/> During the Romantic period, a tradition emerged in Great Britain and North America to perform songs at home. <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/table-restaurant-beergarden-sit-52176/> For Great Britain, these songs were typically ballads, and in the United States and Canada, they were called parlor songs. <Dissolve to image> <Image: http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display/707796 > Like the rest of the music of the romantic era, these songs were expressive and focused on the melody, but were not like their German lieder counterparts. <Dissolve to image> <Image: http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display/908654> <Dissolve to Image> <Image: http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display/67920> Parlor songs and ballads of North America and Canada used conventional accompaniments and were not quite as dramatic as lieder. The accompaniments were still played frequently on the piano which transitions our focus to what is considered to be the most popular instrument to write for. <Dissolve to text> <Text: Piano has 3 purposes -public performance -teaching -enjoyment> The piano was thought to have three purposes: public performance, teaching, and enjoyment. <Fade to Text> <TEXT: Public performance: piano music was composed and performed by many greats for hundreds of years> The first purpose, public performance, speaks for itself. Piano music has been composed and performed by many greats for hundreds of years. < Slide in image to right of previous text>> <Image: http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display/901153> Secondly, the piano played a vital role as an instrument to teach from. <Slide to text, display below previous text> <Text: Teaching: composers wrote technical exercises and method books for those learning to play.> Many composers were great piano players and not only used them for composing, but also for writing technical exercises and method books for those learning to play. <Fade to text, display under previous text> <TEXT:Enjoyment: played dance music, lyrical pieces, and various other types of songs enjoyed by all.> Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, pianos were there for enjoyment. They played dance music, lyrical pieces, and various other types of songs enjoyed by all. <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/pianist-chopin-delacroixeugene-151935/ > Arguably one of the masters of piano during the romantic era was a Polish man by the name of Frederic Chopin. <Fade to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/mountain-white-poland484542/ > Chopin was born in Warsaw Poland in 1810 and died from tuberculosis in 1849 <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/music-violin-trebleclef-sound-278795/> Chopin earned a name for himself as a performer and moved to Paris in 1831 where he met other great musicians like himself. <Dissolve to image> <Text: Chopin’s Piano Compositions: -200 solo pieces -6 works for piano and orchestra -20 songs -4 chamber works> Almost all of Chopin’s works were written for the piano. Within these works he wrote 200 solo piano pieces, 6 works for piano and orchestra, 20 songs, and 4 chamber works. <Swirl to text> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/wooden-doorwooden-gate-lapsed-home-408386/> Chopin was definitely a natural when it came to writing music for the piano. As a result, Chopin opened up new doors for those who had little or a lot of experience with the piano. <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/music-classical-sheetmusic-piano-277278/> As mentioned above, Chopin wrote different types of works for the piano one of which was etudes. <Dissolve to text> <Text: Chopin’s etude addressed the technical side of playing. Each one addressed a different skill.> Chopin’s etudes addressed the technical side of playing. Each one of these works addressed a different skill. <Fade to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/concertperformance-audience-336695/> These works became the first of their kind because not only were they beautiful, but they were technical as well. In fact, they were so beautiful that they became concert pieces. <Fade to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/earphone-music-listenerear-316753/> Let’s now listen to an example of one Chopin’s piano etudes. <Narrator pauses for 45 seconds as audio clip is played> <Please play following clip from 0:00-0:30> <https://musopen.org/music/129/fredericchopin/etude-op-10-no-1/> <Fade to text> <Text: Preludes> Another type of writing that Chopin did for the piano was preludes. Chopin composed 24 of these during his lifetime. <Fade to text, display below previous text> <Text: brief pieces in major and minor keys> Chopin’s preludes are brief pieces in major and minor keys that really show off Chopin’s ability to be creative in his writing. <Slide to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/scales-balance-symboljustice-36417/> Do you remember dissonance from our baroque discussion? Chopin used elements of it in these compositions by using what is called the chromatic scale. <Dissolve to text> <TEXT:A “normal “scale consists of 8 different notes and uses a combination of black and white keys. A “normal“ scale consists of 8 different notes and uses a combination of black and white keys. However, the chromatic scale uses 12 However, the chromatic scale uses 12 notes, or all of the black and white keys.> notes, or all of the black and white keys. <Dissolve to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/yoga-meditation-womaninterior-422761/> Chopin used the chromatic scale to create beautiful harmony. This type of writing influenced those who came after him. <Slide to text, display as audio read> <Text: Are you able to hear the depth and complexity in Chopin’s writing? > Let’s now listen to an example of this type of writing. Are you able to hear the depth and complexity in his writing? <Narrator pauses for 45 seconds as audio clip is played> <Please play following clip from 0:00-0:30> <https://musopen.org/music/2253/fredericchopin/prelude-no-20-chord-frompreludes-op-28/> <Fade to image> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/dance-dancing-couplesport-steps-508314/> A type of song that was a bit easier to play than some of his other works were his Dances, written in ¾ time, and made listeners want to dance. <Display as text> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/dancers-dancing-coupledancing-33395/> Chopin wrote three different types of dances; Mazurkas, Polonaises, and Waltz’s. Each type of dance had its own unique characteristics. <Fade to image, display as audio is read> <Image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frederic_Chopi n_photo.jpeg> In addition to writing dance music, preludes, and etudes, Chopin wrote in other genres for the piano. <Dissolve to image, display audio as read> <Image: http://pixabay.com/en/ballet-ballerina- Listen to one of his dance pieces, and think about the compositional characteristics that performance-534357/> make you want to dance along. <Narrator pauses for 45 seconds as audio clip is played> <Please play following clip from 0:00-0:30> <https://musopen.org/music/2617/fredericchopin/waltz-in-am-b-150/>