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Ethers Sunny Huang Jason Mai Cindy Liang Michelle Lee Aim • What are ethers and their significance? Instructional Objectives • Name ethers • Identify molecules with an ether functional group • Become familiar with the uses of ether Do Now • • • • Name the compounds CH4 C2H6 C3H8 Nomenclature • To name an ether, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms. The longest chain that contains an oxygen are alkyl groups, which are alkoxy groups. • Example: CH3–CH2ethyl CH3–CH2–O ethyloxy Common Name • Ethers can be named by naming the carbon groups as a separate word and ending it with the word ether. • They are named by the alkyl groups bonded to each other. • CH3–CH2–CH–O–CH3 • Butyl Methyl Ether • To name in IUPAC nomenclature: • Find the longest chain of carbon. • Use prefixes to number the carbons connected to oxygen to the lower number of carbons. • Name the substituent group OR as alkoxy. Examples • • • • • CH3-O-CH3 CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3 CH3-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 Draw 2-butoxybutane Draw 4-butoxymethane Properties of Ethers • Medium melting point: Polar molecules have a medium melting point, with ionic being the highest and nonpolar the lowest • Medium boiling point: Intermolecular forces are weaker than hydrogen but stronger than London forces • Soluble in water: The oxygen it contains forms a polar covalent bond with the carbon and allows it to dissolve in water • Polarity: Polar covalent between carbons and oxygen • Intermolecular bonds: Dipole-Dipole Uses • CH3–CH2–CH–O–CH3 • Methyloxybutane • Uses • Solvent for organic compounds such as alkaloids, oils, fats. • Anesthetic agent while doing surgeries. • Refrigerant • Fuel Homework • Page 287 do 9.23 • Page 288 do 9.35 a-d Bibliography • http://chemistry.boisestate.edu/people/richar dbanks/organic/nomenclature/ethernomencla ture1.htm • http://www.tutorvista.com/chemistry/usesof-ether
