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Sports Science 5.1 Introduction to Sports Science Learning objectives Know the role of scientists involved in sport Understand how antagonistic muscles work St. Luke’s Science and Sports College Sports scientist – aim to improve athletic performance Sports physiologist Nutritionist health and fitness, particularly the parts of body directly involved Control energy and nutrient intake Material Scientist Properties of materials used and the effects sports have on materials Fit to Suceed Success in sport depends upon: Fitness and performance of body Energy and nutrient intake Effectiveness of kit Athletic skill level Concentration under pressure Surf ’s Up! Surf Science at Plymouth Uni Material science aerodynamics wave mechanics business skills Surf technique Field trip to Hawaii! What is muscle? Tissue consisting of bundles or sheets of cells Able to contract and cause tension 3 types of muscle: Voluntary muscle Involuntary muscle (hollow organs) Cardiac muscle All work in different ways Voluntary (skeletal) muscle Attached to our bones with tendons Under conscious control Continuous function Structural function Some facial muscles joined to your skin Muscles generate heat as a by-product Involuntary (smooth) muscle Found in walls of hollow organs Work automatically Stomach Intestines Uterus Pupillary Perform sphincter muscle housekeeping functions Cardiac muscle Only found in the heart Never gets tired Not under our control Contracts – pumps blood Relax – fills heart again 70-90 times a minute 3,280,896,000 in a life time Muscles work in pairs Attached to bones by tendons Muscles can only exert a pulling force Muscles are found in antagonistic pairs Extensor Flexor Biceps muscle - opens the joint muscle and triceps: Biceps are contracting = triceps relaxing Triceps contracting = bicep relaxing Key Points Sports physiologist – studies parts of body used during exercise Nutritionist – energy and nutrient intake Materials scientist – properties of materials used in kit Success = fitness, kit, skill, energy and concentration Skeletal/voluntary muscles work as antagonistic pairs