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Chapter 5 Quiz Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Cellular respiration is the process by which a. plant cells create glucose. b. cells grow and reproduce. c. cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. d. cells break down food without using oxygen. ____ 2. Which of the following takes energy from the sun to make food during photosynthesis? a. chloroplasts c. glucose b. mitochondria d. adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ____ 3. Fermentation in muscle cells produces a. glucose. b. lactic acid. c. water. d. bacteria. 4. Photosynthesis allows a. an animal cell to get energy from food. b. a cell to produce energy without oxygen. c. a plant to produce food (glucose). d. a plant leaf to turn green. 5. Cells need to produce new cells in order to a. create new chromosomes. b. replace cells that have died. c. obtain energy from sunlight. d. release energy from food. ____ ____ ____ 6. Organelles and chromosomes are copied during a. the first stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle. b. the second stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle. c. the third stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle. d. cytokinesis. ____ 7. During cytokinesis in plant cells, a. a cell plate forms inside the two new cells. b. the cell loses some of its DNA. c. a cell plate forms, and the cell splits in two. d. the cell wall breaks. ____ 8. Which of the following types of cells have uncontrolled growth? a. prokaryotic cells c. eukaryotic cells b. cancer cells d. organelles ____ 9. What do all cells need in order to live? a. sunlight b. exercise c. energy d. shelter ____ 10. Which of the following gives plants their green color? a. chlorophyll c. glucose b. water d. carbon dioxide ____ 11. Which of the following is the food that plants make for themselves? a. salt c. chlorophyll b. carbon dioxide d. Glucose ____ 12. What is the hereditary material inside a cell called? a. ATP c. DNA b. nuclei d. mitosis Use the figure to answer the following questions. \ ____ 13. Look at the figure. Which two processes does it show? a. photosynthesis and breathing c. growing and cellular respiration b. breathing and growing d. photosynthesis and cellular respiration ____ 14. Look at the figure. What does cellular respiration release in addition to energy? a. carbon dioxide and oxygen c. carbon dioxide and sweat b. carbon dioxide and glucose d. carbon dioxide and water ____ 15. The genetic material of living organisms that is located in the chromosomes of each cell is called a. mitochondria. c. cytoplasm. b. chloroplasts. d. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). ____ 16. Inside plant cells, photosynthesis takes place in the a. mitochondria. c. chloroplasts. b. chlorophyll. d. chromosomes. ____ 17. Two characteristics that distinguish plant cells from animal cells are a. chloroplasts and lack of a plant cell wall. c. mitochondria and a plant cell wall. b. chloroplasts and a plant cell wall. d. mitochondria and a plant cell plate. ____ 18. The first stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle is known as a. prophase. c. metaphase. b. interphase. d. anaphase. ____ 19. The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use carbon dioxide, sunlight, and water to make glucose and oxygen is called a. respiration. c. photosynthesis. b. fermentation. d. cellular respiration. Use the figure to answer the following questions. ____ 20. This figure represents what important cell process? a. photosynthesis c. fermentation b. respiration d. cellular respiration ____ 21. In which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell? a. Mitosis Phase 1 (Prophase) c. Mitosis Phase 3 (Anaphase) b. Mitosis Phase 2 (Metaphase) d. Mitosis Phase 4 (Telophase) ____ 22. Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis? a. glucose c. water b. carbon dioxide d. heat energy ____ 23. Which of the following is NOT used to make glucose in photosynthesis? a. H2O c. CO2 b. O2 d. light energy Completion Complete each statement. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. cytokinesis mitosis photosynthesis chromatids melanoma homologous chromosomes 24. Pairs of similar chromosomes are called ____________________. 25. Cells divide into two new cells by the processes of mitosis and ____________________. 26. After chromosomes are copied, the two copies are called ____________________. 27. The process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food is called ____________________. 28. The process of ____________________ is divided into four phases. 29. The most deadly kind of skin cancer is called ____________________. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used only once. Some terms may not be used. fermentation mitosis cancer homologous chromosomes cytoplasm photosynthesis binary fission cytokinesis DNA 30. The third stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle in which the cell splits into two identical daughter cells is called ____________________. 31. Plants produce their own food by the process of ____________________. 32. The process of ____________________ is divided into four phases, all of which make up the second stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle. 33. Human body cells have 23 pairs of ____________________. 34. The process of cell division in a bacterial cell is called ____________________. 35. A tumor in which the cells begin dividing at an uncontrolled rate is called ____________________. 36. The hereditary material of living organisms that is located in the chromosomes of each cell is called ____________________. Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. cytokinesis d. mitosis b. chromosomes e. DNA c. cell cycle f. melanoma ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. the process of cell division that forms two nuclei the life stages of a cell the genetic material of living organisms the structures in which DNA can be found the division of cytoplasm a kind of skin cancer Match each item with the correct statement below. a. cancer f. b. mitosis g. c. chromosome h. d. cell plate i. e. fermentation ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. cellular respiration sun cytokinesis lactic acid stores the DNA of a cell forms and separates the two new cells during cytokinesis in plant cells separates chromosomes in this stage of the cell cycle occurs when cells replicate abnormally begins at the cell membrane in animal cells supplies energy during photosynthesis breaks down food using oxygen breaks down food without oxygen causes a burning feeling in muscles Match the correct description with the correct term. a. cytokinesis b. mitosis c. interphase ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. d. Mitosis Phase 3 e. the cell cycle f. Mitosis Phase 2 the name of this process stage at which chromosomes are copied the four stages of cell division stage at which paired chromosomes align at the cell’s equator the division of cytoplasm stage at which the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell Short Answer 58. How is oxygen obtained by most complex organisms, and then used during cellular respiration? 59. How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related? 60. Describe how the process of photosynthesis provides energy for plant cells. Essay 61. Explain why many green plants could survive in a world without mammals, but mammals could not survive in a world without green plants.