Download The Structure of the Nervous System

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The Structure of the
Nervous System
Divisions of the Nervous
System
The Central Nervous System
 The CNS includes
the brain and the
spinal cord.
 So vital to the
If your spine is severed, you
would not feel sensation from
that point down. Sensation
must reach the brain in order
to feel it.
You would exhibit a knee jerk
reflex without feeling the tap!
human body that
they are encased in
bone for protection
The Peripheral Nervous System
 The PNS contains all
of the nerves which
feed into the brain and
spinal cord (CNS)
The Peripheral Nervous System
 Somatic Nervous System


controls the body’s skeletal muscles
voluntary movements
 Autonomic Nervous System


controls the muscles and glands of the
internal organs
monitors the automatic functions

breathing, blood pressure, & digestion
Autonomic Nervous System
 Sympathetic Nervous System
 Arouses
the body to deal with
perceived threats
 “Fight or Flight” response
 Parasympathetic Nervous System
 Calms
the body back down to a
relaxed state
Fight, Flight, Freeze
The Endocrine
System
The Endocrine System
 The chemical messengers are hormones
Many hormones are also neurotransmitters.
 hormones work a lot slower than neurotransmitters


last longer!
 Glands produce hormones that circulate in the blood
Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Pituitary Gland
 “Master Gland”
 In conjunction with the brain, it controls
the other endocrine glands
 Controlled by the hypothalamus
Thyroid Gland
 Located in the neck
 regulates the energy level in the body
Adrenal Gland
 Located just above the kidneys
 Gland that help to arouse the body
in times of stress
 fight
or flight
 Release epinephrine (adrenaline)
Pancreatic Gland
 Regulates the level of sugar in the
blood
Sex Glands
 Glands (influence emotional & physical
development)
Ovaries (females produce eggs)
Testes (males produce sperm)
 Testosterone – primary males hormone
 Estrogen – primary female hormone
 Males and females have both estrogen and
testosterone in their systems.